真题文章(2003年完型)

      Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious thought to how they can  best accommodate such changes. Growing bodies need movement and exercise, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for example ,publishing newsletters with many student---written book reviews, displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide multiple opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful group dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the security of some kind of organization with a supportive adult barely visible in the background.

     In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have short attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized so that participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants down . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. On the contrary they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by planning for roles that are within their capabilities and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.

考研核心词汇

intellectual  / 7inti5lektjuEl / adj. 智力的, 有智力的, 显示智力的 n. 知识分子

[例] intellectual work    脑力工作

[反义] ignorant  / 5i^nErEnt / adj.  无知的

[派生] intellectuality  / 7inti7lektju5Aliti /  n. 智力, 知性

accommodate  / E5kCmEdeit /  vt. 供应, 供给, 使适应, 调节, 和解, 向...提供, 容纳, 调和  vi.  适应

[例] One flat can accommodate a family of five. 

一套单元房可容纳一个五口之家。

[同义] conform, oblige , supply

[派生] accommodation  / E7kCmE5deiFEn /  n.  住处, 膳宿, (车, 船, 飞机等的)预定铺位, (眼睛等的)适应性调节, (社会集团间的)迁就融合

[固定搭配] accommodate oneself to 使自己适应于；accommodate (sb.) with

向(某人)供应；

adjust  / E5dVQst /  vt. 调整, 调节, 校准, 使适合

[例] He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.

他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。

[同义] adapt ,alter, arrange, change , modify , vary

[反义] derange  / di5reindV /  vt.  使错乱, 扰乱, 使精神错乱, 使发狂

[派生] adjustability  / E7dVQstE5biliti /  n.  适应性

[固定搭配] adjust to... 使自己适应于；adjust oneself to... 使自己适应于；

confidence / 5kCnfidEns /  n.  信心

[例] She has a lot of confidences.   她充满自信。

[反义] distrust  / dis5trQst /  n. 不信任  vt. 不信任

[派生] confident  / 5kCnfidEnt /  adj.  自信的, 确信的

[固定搭配] gain sb.'s confidence 取得某人的信任； give one's confidence to sb.信任某人； place confidence in sb. 信任某人； in confidence 秘密地；in the confidence of 为...的知己； 参与...的秘密；

admire  / Ed5maiE /  v.  赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕

[例] Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humor.

人人都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感。

[同义] appreciate, honor

[反义] despise  / dis5paiz /  vt.  轻视

[派生] admiration  / 7AdmE5reiFEn /  n. 钦佩, 赞美, 羡慕

review  / ri5vju: /  vt.  回顾, 复习  n.  回顾, 复习, 评论

[例] a careful review of political events   谨慎地回顾政治事件

[同义] consider, criticize, examine, inspect, learn, look at, observe, recall

[派生] reviewer  / rI5vju:E(r)/  n.  批评家, 评论家

artwork  / 5B:twE:k /  n. 艺术品, 美术品

[例] exhibition of children's artwork    儿童美术品展览

multiple  / 5mQltipl /  adj.  多样的, 多重的 n.  倍数, 若干 v. 成倍增加

[例] a man of multiple interests   兴趣广泛的人

[同义] manifold, many

leadership  / 5li:dEFip /  n.  领导能力, 领导阶层

[例] The business prospered under the leadership of the new president.

在新任总裁的领导下生意兴旺

teens  / ti:nz /  n. 十多岁

[例] She's not yet out of her teens.  她还不到二十岁。

commitment  / kE5mitmEnt /  n.  委托事项, 许诺, 承担义务

[例] I've taken on too many commitments.   我承担的义务太多了。

[派生] commit / kE5mit /  vt. 犯(错误), 干(坏事), 把...交托给, 提交, 答应负责