【辨析】 1. meaning, implication, sense
meaning 意义，意图，目的；implication 含义，暗示，联想；sense 词，话语的含义或意义。如make sense 合情理，行得通。
2. means, method, approach
means 单复同形表示手段。如a means, I means…; method 工作中固定的方法，为达目的而设计出的方法；approach 后面往往加介词 “to”表示对某种问题思考出的对付方法。
12. reverse v. 颠倒，倒转，后退n./a。颠倒(的)；相反(的)
【巧记】 reversed a. 颠倒的，反向的‖revert v. 恢复，回复‖converse n./a. 相反
【辨析】 reverse, converse 两者意思相同，但词性不同。Reverse 可以作v. n. a. converse 只能作n. a。
13. nutrient n. 养料
【巧记】 nutrition n. 营养，营养物‖nutritious a. 营养的，有营养的‖nutritive a. 有关营养的，滋养的
14. resistant a. 抵抗的，反抗的
【巧记】 resist vt. 抵抗，反抗‖resistance n. 阻力，抵抗，电阻
【搭配】 be resistant to sth. 对……抵制
【辨析】 resist, withstand, contest, oppose, fight, combat, conflict
resist 公开抵制 如： resist the temptation. 抵制，诱惑；withstand 被动抵抗；contest 反驳某个观点；oppose 普通意义上的反对或抵抗；fight 指武力进攻、对抗；combat 强调为抵御进攻而进行的武力反抗；conflict 冲突，两股势力因误会或对立而产生的。
15. alteration n. 变更，改变
【巧记】 altar n. 祭坛，圣坛‖alter vt. 改变，更改，改做(衣服)vi。变化‖alternate v. 交替，轮流a. 交替的，轮流的，间隔的‖alternately ad. 交替地‖alternative a. (两者中或更多)任选其一的，代替的，可替代的，可供选择的‖alternatively ad. (两者中)任选其一地‖alterable a. 可改变的
【辨析】 alter, change, vary
alter 常指局部的表面的变化；change 常指本质的彻底的变化；vary 指不断的变化从而产生一系列的差别。
核心词组
come down to 提到，追查到 rid of…把……除去
lie in 存在于 go bad 变坏 be free to 自由自在地做……
run out of 耗尽，用光…… turn…into…把……变为……
二、英语知识运用中常见的基础词汇
Use of English 1
Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each numbered blank。
We often hear the 1 “Bug” while using computers. But what is a bug? In corrupter science, a bug 2 an error in software or hardware. In software, a bug is an error in coding or logic that causes a program to malfunction or to 3 incorrect results. Minor bugs, for example, a cursor that does not behave as 4 can be inconvenient or frustrating, but not damaging to 5 . More severe bugs can cause a program to “hang” stop responding to 6 and might 7 the user with no 8 but to restart the program, losing whatever 9 work had not been saved. In 10 case, the programmer must find and correct the error by the 11 known as debugging. Because of the 12 risk to important data, commercial application programs are tested and 13 as completely as possible before release. Minor bugs found after the program becomes 14 are corrected in the next update; more 15 bugs can sometimes be fixed with special software, called patches, that circumvents or otherwise 16 its effects。
In hardware, a bug is a recurring 17 problem that prevents a system or set of 18 from working together properly. The 19 of the term repeatedly goes back to the early days of computing, when a hardware problem in a computer at Harvard University was 20 to a moth caught between the contacts of a relay in the machine。
1. (A) wording (B) term (C) diction (D) insect
2. (A) occurs to (B) prefers to (C) attributes to (D) refers to
3. (A) produce (B) achieve (C) recreate (D) attain
4. (A) expect (B) expectation (C) expecting (D) expected
5. (A) information (B) material (C) memory (D) news
6. (A) commands (B) monitor (C) control (D) supervision
7. (A) grant (B) retain (C) leave (D) reward
8. (A) alternative (B) objective (C) collective (D) derivative
9. (A) prestigious (B) precarious (C) previous (D) precious
10. (A) both (B) either (C) neither (D) none
11. (A) process (B) operation (C) performance (D) action
12. (A) promising (B) potential (C) prospective (D) probable
13. (A) debugged (B) analyzed (C) released (D) removed
14. (A) accessible (B) affordable (C) available (D) adaptable
15. (A) minor (B) major (C) important (D) severe
16. (A) alleviates (B) worsens (C) reduces (D) enhances
