11.    B    12.    C    13.    D    14.    C    15.    B
16. D    17.    A    18.    D    19.    A    20.    C
20．[A]Eventually  [B]Consequently    [C]Similarly      [D]Conversely
 
2011年考研英语（二）Cloze Test
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the exploration of cyber-crime that has   1    across the Web.
Can privacy be preserved   2   bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly    3     ?
Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation's cyber-czar, offered the federal government a
   4     to make the web a safer place-a "voluntary trusted identity" system that would be the high-tech    5     of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled     6    one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential    7     to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services.
The idea is to    8     a federation of private online identity systems. Users could
   9  which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver's license    10     by the government.
Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these "single sign-an" systems that make it possible for users to    11     just once but use many different services.
    12   , the approach would create a "walled garden" in cyberspace, with safe "neighborhoods" and bright " streetlights" to establish a sense of a    13    community.
Mr. Schmidt described it as a "voluntary ecosystem" in which "individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with   14    , trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure    15    which the transaction runs. "
Still, the administration's plan has    16    privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would    17    be a compulsory Internet "driver's license" mentality.
The plan has also been greeted with    18    by some computer security experts, who worry that the "voluntary ecosystem" envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet
   19    They argue that all Internet users should be    20    to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.
 
1. [A] swept     [B] skipped     [C] walked     [D] ridden
2. [A] for     [B] within     [C] while     [D] though
3. [A] careless     [B] lawless     [C] pointless     [D] helpless
4. [A] reason     [B] reminder     [C] compromise    [D] proposal
5. [A] information     [B] interference    [C] entertainment     [D] equivalent
6. [A] by     [B] into     [C] from     [D] over
7. [A] linked     [B] directed     [C] chained     [D] compared
8. [A] dismiss     [B] discover     [C] create     [D] improve
9. [A] recall     [B] suggest     [C] select     [D] realize
10. [A] released    [B] issued     [C] distributed    [D] delivered
11. [A] carry on    [B] linger on     [C] set in     [D] log in
12. [A] In vain     [B] In effect     [C] In return     [D] In contrast
13. [A] trusted     [B] modernized    [C] thriving     [D] competing
14. [A] caution     [B] delight     [C] confidence    [D] patience
15. [A] on     [B] after     [C] beyond     [D] across
16. [A] divided     [B] disappointed    [C] protected     [D] united
17. [A] frequently     [B] incidentally    [C] occasionally     [D] eventually
18. [A] skepticism     [B] tolerance     [C] indifference    [D] enthusiasm
19. [A] manageable     [B] defendable    [C] vulnerable    [D] invisible
20. [A] invited     [B] appointed     [C] allowed     [D] forced


1.    A    2.    C    3.    B    4.    D    5.    D
6.    B    7.    A    8.    C    9.    C    10.    B
11.    D    12.    B    13.    A    14.    C    15.    A
16.    A    17.    D    18.    A    19.    C    20.    D
 
2012年考研英语（一）Cloze Test
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
  The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.
  Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be  4  as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not   5   by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself  6  to the code of conduct that   7   to the rest of the federal judiciary.
  This and other similar cases   8   the question of whether there is still a   9    between the court and politics.
  The framers of the Constitution envisioned law   10   having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to  12   those in power and have no need to  13   political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_.
  Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social  15    like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it  16   is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily   17  as unjust.
  The justices must   18   doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves   19   to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and,   20  , convincing as law.
 

 1. [A]emphasize        [B]maintain    [C]modify    [D] recognize
 2. [A]when         [B]lest    [C]before    [D] unless
 3. [A]restored      [B]weakened     [C]established    [D] eliminated
 4. [A]challenged      [B]compromised     [C]suspected    [D] accepted
 5. [A]advanced      [B]caught    [C]bound    [D]founded