首先,我们要把作文的整体的一些东西讲一讲。
大家都知道,作文都是有一个题目的,对于题目的理解是至关重要的。如果题目理解的不深刻、不透彻,想要写一篇高分的作文几乎就是不可完成的任务。因此,作文最重要的就是审题。然而考生在考场上很容易对主题产生幻觉,审题不清,立意不明是常有的事情。类似的例子也是比比皆是,相信大家也有相应的体会。那么,如何正确的审题呢?
大家一定要端正观念:作文的题目其实就是给众考生提出了一个讨论的主题,即topic。出题者就是要大家在这个topic的范围之内,用英语来表达考生自己的思想,表达对一件事情的看法;或者对一件事情进行必要的描述!这就是作文的题目的功能。不管什么样的类型的作文,都要找准这个topic,这个是写作的第一要务。
现在有了topic下面的问题就是针对这个topic进行分析和说明。大家都写过汉语的文章,其实英语写作跟汉语是有异曲同工之处的。不过要注意的一点是:英语文章要开宗明义,开门见山。起头要把自己的观点和想法明确的表达出来,然后再进行充分的论证和展开。(至于展开的方法,将在另外的地方专贴说明。)提出问题,说明自己的观点,分析问题,解决问题,是写作的不二之法。根据这个思路,对文章列一个整体的纲要,一般是上面提到的三段论。这样文章整体的框架就出来了剩下的就是文章的展开和细节的润色了。做到了这一步,文章的基本分就很有把握的拿到了。
其次,针对考研&六级的作文,具体应该从3个方面进行准备
1.背一定数量的范文
写作一定要有素材,肚子里面没有一定数量的文章,是很难在一定的时间内写出一篇优秀的文章的。英语大师陈琳曾经说过“在没有语言环境的情况下,外语是不可能"习得"的(但作为一种教学手段,必须尽量创造习得环境),只能"学得"。必须下艰苦的功夫。我一向主张要"背"。不仅儿童,成人更加要背。且看郑板桥在《自叙》中所说:"人咸谓板桥读书善记,不只非善记,乃善诵耳。板桥每读一书,必千万遍。舟中,马上,被底,或当食忘匕著,或对客不听其语,并自忘其所语,皆记书默诵也。书有弗记者乎?" 一代大师尚且如此,何况我辈凡人,更何况他背的大概不是外语。”个人认为,考前至少要熟练背诵12篇以上的优秀范文,才可以轻松的应付英语作文的考试 。
2.搜集10个自己最常用的句型
写作的素材是有了,但是必须进行分析和提炼,找出其中的精彩的常用的句型,10个就足够了。如果能够熟练的运用这十个句型,你的文章肯定是一篇优秀的文章。下面是我自己常用的几个句子,介绍给大家使用。这个大家可以自己总结,这样用起来会顺手一些。
1.not only …… but also …….
We should not only learn advanced knowledge of science and culture, but also cultivate noble virtues and build strong character.
TV can not only keep us informed of what is happening throughout the world but also bring us various forms of entertainment.
2. with the development of … , more and more …….
With the improvement of the living standards, more and more of the Chinese people can now afford to go traveling, and some of them even choose to go abroad.
With the rapid development of our national economy, an increasing number of people come to realize that the shortage of natural resources will threaten (pose a threat to) the future development of our country.
3. it is ….. that ……. & to do …. (含强调句)
It must be admitted that today’s university students are confronted with many challenges and stresses.
It is widely recognized that drug-abuse will cause a huge loss of both life and wealth.
It is generally accepted that the establishment of social security will contribute enormously to the stability and progress of the society.
It is highly necessary for the government to take steps to stop corruption.
It is time for our educators to pay enough attention to the psychological problems on college campuses.
4. there be …….
There are still many children who can not afford to go to school because of poverty in the remote areas of our country.
There are several reasons which are responsible for/may account for/contribute to the coming back of many overseas Chinese students.
5. once …….., …….
But once(when) moved out of the green house, the flowers will perish under the rain and storm.
Once leaving their parents, many young people cannot make a living of their own.
6. in order to ………, we……
To achieve an even greater success at the 2008 Olympic Games, we must invest a great deal more into our athletes and our sports facilities.
In order to grow up healthily,people need to have a willingness to take risks,to confront the unknown,and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first.
句子都是很简单的句子,关键是熟练的使用——不要出现chenglish的痕迹。
3.针对句型进行大量的集中的练习
对于自己提炼的句型,要进行大量的集中的练习,使它们成为自己的一部分,成为提笔就来的东西。自己要大约写15篇左右的各种题材的文章,每篇文章都要把这几个句型反复用到。这样,在考试的时候轻车熟路,我们就可以很轻松的写出一篇优秀的考试作文了。
最后,针对一些常犯的错误和一些误区给大家一些建议和指导,不尽之处还希望大家指教。
A.不要背那么多生僻词,先搞懂常用词。再看你已经基本掌握的各种词,把各种用法、含意搞准确!
B.阅读好跟写作好没有太直接的联系,想写一笔优秀的文章,必须进行平时的写作练习,纸上谈兵是不会有什么进步的
C.再次强调,英语学习没有捷径。真正的捷径就是自己的持续的不间断的学习
D.……
以上内容吸取了各家之长,有相似之处,还望见谅。。。。。