1) Only in this way/Only when.../Only through...will/can we...

　　或：It is only if/when...that we will...

　　2) As/So long as...we will be able to.../the problem is bound to...

　　3) For any place that.../For anyone who...there is every/no reason/chance to...

　　4) In short/brief/one word/sum, once we are on the way to..., the chance of achieving/making it will increase/grow greater/come to our advantage. A

　　5) The quotations/remarks from sb.(或The popular saying/maxim/proverb) “...” may be a better/sure cure/remedy for ...(或...sound/practical/sensible/well-weighted advice on how to...)

　　6) And worst of all/best of all, it has/will/would effect(ed) the most unfavorable/favorable change in...

　　7) As another severe shock (genuine comfort) to the people/society/As the most destructive/pushing effect on...(our life), it has permeated among the people/through our social soil/throughout the whole country(或has melted/penetrated into/been rooted in (the) Chinese soil (in the people's minds).A

　　8) As a(n) sensational/unexpected result of..., more and more people have come/got/begun to..A

　　9) To one's greatest astonishment/delight, sth. has affected...to the point of...

　　10) The most obvious/direct result/consequence it produces/brings about is...

　　11) With a constant/steady improvement in ...(或With the gradual worsening of...) sth. will...

　　12) In (the) course of time/In a long run (the long term), sth. is more likely/believed/bound/sure to...

　　13) In spite of the fact that...(或Although...), sth. will (not)...in our /one's assiduous/conscious/consistent efforts. A

　　14) In a word, there is every/little chance/probability/possibility that. ..in time to come. A

　　15) Anything (anyone) that (who)...will have to...

　　SECTION FOUR

　　解说句

　　1) Sth. is like/as...as/similar to/the same as/compared to/as if (though) ...

　　2) Sth. is/refers to/is nothing but...

　　3) Sth. is thought of/defined/valued/cherished/seen/esteemed as...

　　4) A does sth. just as B does sth. else.

　　5) Sth. means/signifies/stands for/is a symbol(matter/sign/token)of...

　　对比句

　　1) but, but on the contrary, but on the other hand, but then;

　　2) by contrast, in contrast, in contrast with/to, as a contrast to, as opposed to;

　　3)by contraries, on the contrary, to the contrary, contrary to (A), opposite to, in opposition to;

　　4) whereas, while, while on the other hand, while on the whole, yet, however;

　　5) (as) compared with/to, by comparison, in comparison with, by comparison to.

　　6) First..., Next..., Last...;

　　7) In the first/early/initial/infant period/stage/phase(或In its infancy) ..., In the second/middle/adult/ripe period/stage/phase..., In the third/last/closing/later/concluding period...;

　　8) One step (way/course/approach/secret/trick)..., Another step..., Still another step...;

　　9) The first measure/step/move..., Next to it comes..., And the last/final/the most important measure...;

　　10) The direct experience/lesson/factor/way(或One lesson)...The indirect experience/lesson/factor/way(或The other lesson)...

　　SECTION FIVE

　　一． 问候

　　I haven’t heard from you for ages. How are you doing?

　　I haven’t seen you for such a long time. How are you getting along with your work?

　　二． 祝贺

　　I want to congratulate you with all my heart.

　　I warmly congratulate you on what you’ve achieved.

　　三． 致谢

　　I am most grateful to you for your help.

　　I want to thank you heartily for what you have done.

　　四． 询问

　　I wonder if you could tell me what to do.

　　I’d be most grateful if I could have your full support.

　　Please could you let me know something about it.

　　五． 邀请

　　Is there any chance of your coming to have dinner with us at our home?

　　We are wondering if you could come to have dinner with us at our home.

　　六． 接受邀请

　　I’m delighted to accept your invitation.

　　Thanks for your invitation. I’m certainly looking forward to joining you.

　　七． 拒绝邀请

　　I’m sincerely sorry that we can’t join your dinner party.

　　I regret to say “no” to your invitation.

　　Thank you for your invitation but unfortunately…

　　八． 抱歉

　　I do apologize for having kept you waiting.

　　I’m awfully sorry for giving you so much trouble.

　　九． 同情

　　I’m more than sorry to hear of your illness.

　　I can’t tell you how sad I felt when I heard of…

　　十． 安慰

　　It was a great shock to hear…

　　I just can’t tell you how saddened I am…

　　I’m most grieved to learn of…

　　十一. 首句

　　I am happy to hear that…

　　Thank you for answering my letter so quickly.

　　十二. 尾句

　　With my best wishes …

　　Best wishes to you …

　　Please remember me to …

　　I do hope …

　　SECTION SIX

　　历年写作真题

　　1991年写作真题

　　Ⅵ.Writing (15 point)

　　DIRECTIONS:

　　A) Title: WHERE TO LIVE--IN THE CITY OR THE COUNTRY?

　　B) Time limit: 40 minutes

　　C) Word limit: 120 - 150 words (not including the given opening sentence)

　　D) Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the given opening sentence.

　　E) Your composition must be written clearly in the ANSWER SHEET.

　　OUTLINE:

　　1. Conveniences of the city

　　2. Attractions of the country

　　3. Disadvantages of both

　　4. My preference

　　1992年写作真题

　　Ⅵ:Writing (15 points)

　　DIRECTIONS :

　　A) Title: FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN PARENT AND CHILD

　　B) Time limit: 40 minutes

　　C) Word limit: 120 - 150 words (not includtng the given opening sentence)

　　D) Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the given opening sentence.

　　E) Your composition must be written clearly in the ANISWER SHEET.