1. Effluent discharges of industrial wastewater and raw sewage into rivers , lakes and inshore coastal areas have not only adversely affected marine life and aquatic resources , but have also jeopardized one of the major necessities for sustaining life—Potable Water .
　　工业废水和原污水排放入河流、湖泊和近海岸区域不仅给海洋生物和水生资源带来了负面影响，而且也破坏了维持生命的主要必需品之一——饮用水。
　　2. It will have a direct bearing on the matter under discussion .
　　这将和正在讨论的问题有直接关系。
　　3. Rapid economic growth may lead to an overextension of resources and lead to an eventual catastrophic meltdown .
　　经济迅速增长可能导致过度使用资源，并引起最终巨大的灾难。
　　4. The immediate results of economic growth have created the illusion of unending prosperity . The best approach at this particular time is to perhaps err on the side of caution .
　　经济增长的直接结果是造成了关于无止境繁荣的幻想。现在这个特定时刻最好的办法也许是慎之又慎。
　　5. The benefits of technology are undeniable . Nonetheless , the fact that technology often negates the need for human beings in the workplace deserves careful consideration and retraining programs for affected individuals must be introduced .
　　技术的好处不容否认。然而，技术经常否认工作场所需要人类，这一点值得仔细考虑，而且，为受到影响的个人推出再培训项目是必需的。
　　6. The lack of faith in government is the direct result of the prevailing distrust of politicians .
　　对政府缺乏信心是普遍存在的对政府官员的不信任直接造成的。
　　7. The advantages of harmonious relations far outweigh the disadvantages of confrontation .
　　和谐关系的好处远远大于冲突的坏处。
　　8. Independence offers many advantages , the first and foremost of which is self-determination .
　　独立带来很多好处，首先也是最重要的是自决。
　　9. The contrast between right and wrong is highlighted by the benefits accruing from the former .
　　由于正确而得到的好处更加强调了正误的对比。
　　10. The most striking conclusion that can be reached when weighing the advantages and disadvantages of the market economy is quite frankly prosperity .
　　很坦率地说，在权衡市场经济的利弊时能得出的最显著的结论是繁荣。
　　11. The ridiculous amount of money some countries spend on military hardware is absurd when considering the number of people starving in many developing countries .
　　考虑到一些发展中国家挨饿的人的数量，一些国家把大量资金花费在重型军事装备上显得很荒谬。
　　12. The loss of perquisites enjoyed by government officials and business executives pales in comparison to the plight of refugees in many war-torn countries .
　　与许多饱受战争创伤的国家的难民所处的困境相比，政府官员和商业管理者失去所享受的特权就相形见绌了。
　　13. While the long-term problem of global warming is indeed serious , its significance diminishes somewhat when considering immediate problems such as rapid environmental deterioration and the rampant misuse and abuse of nonrenewable resources .
　　虽然全球变暖这一长期的问题确实很严重，但考虑到诸如环境的迅速恶化和不可更新资源的普遍滥用等当前的问题，它的重要性就有所降低了。
　　14. Owning a car might be preferable to owning a bicycle , but the problems associated with owning the former far outweigh those of the latter . For one thing , automobiles are exponentially more expensive and require greater maintenance . For another , bicycles don’t pollute .
　　与拥有一辆自行车相比，人们更愿意拥有一辆汽车，但拥有后者涉及的问题远远超过前者。原因之一，汽车昂贵很多，需要更多的维护。原因之二，自行车不会引起污染。
　　15. The advantages of family planning more than compensate for the disadvantages .
　　计划生育的好处不仅仅弥补了它的害处。
　　16. Claims of gender equality are laced with contradictions . The principal fallacy centers on the workplace and concept of equal pay for equal work . Another , but no less important , aspect revolves around the entry of women into top management positions .
　　性别平等的呼声中有少量自相矛盾的内容。最大的谬误在于工作场所和同工同酬的概念。另一个同样重要的方面与女性进入最高管理职位紧密相关。
　　17. Both limitations and problems will quite likely be encountered during the ongoing transition to the market economy . For one thing , urgent measures are required to resolve problems involving state-owned enterprises . Another thorny issue involves controlling inflation in the face of emerging market forces .
　　正在进行的市场经济的转型很有可能将遇到限制和问题.一方面,需要紧要方法解决涉及国有企业的问题.另一棘手的问题涉及在市场力量形成的同时控制通货膨胀.
　　18. Will the Three Gorges Project prove to be a monumental achievement or nothing more than a giant fiasco ? Opposition voices point to drawbacks such as the massive cost of the project , the need to relocate millions of local residents and destruction of the unique natural environment . Supporters , on the other hand , contend that the advantages—i.e. improved flood control , increased power generation capacity and desirable impact on economic development in related areas —will far outweigh the disadvantages . Time will tell and history will judge the wisdom of the project .