对于许多考研er来说，词汇都是一大硬伤。单词如此难记，大多数人都会陷入记完就忘的怪圈，长难词更是易忘易混。今天，小编分享一些常见的长难词，带你理解带你记。

▶preconception

preconception n.预想，偏见

[真题例句] Some , however , are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act to alter the growth pattern of different areas.[1996年翻译]

[例句精译] 然而，不同的发展过程中，有些不怎么合理——在这些发展过程中，一些权威人士对科学研究应该采取的方式有偏见，从而改变了不同科学领域的发展模式。

▶predominantly

predominantly ad.占优势地，主要地，压倒性地

[真 题例句] In Manhattan, “there’s a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,” says broker Barbara Corcoran.[2004年阅读3]

[例句精译] 经纪人巴巴拉?考克兰说,在曼哈顿“由于华尔街奖励措施的刺激，出现了四百万至一千万美元之间的淘金热。”

▶presumptively

presumptivelyad.据推测

[真 题例句] He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear ... that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.”[2002年阅读4]

[例句精译] 他说，行医资格理事会“必须明确表明——病人痛苦地死亡，可以推定，是由于医生处理不力造成的，应该因此吊销其从医资格”。

▶profitability

profitabilityn.收益性，利益率

[真 题例句] His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.[1998年阅读2]

[例句精译] 他的同事迈克·比尔说，太多的企业用机械的方式进行重组机构，在没有充分考虑到长期效益的情况下就降低了成本。

▶psychological

psychological a.心理(上)的

[真 题例句] The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions” letter noting the “medical /psychological” nature of problem gambling behaviors, the letter said that before being readmitted to the patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.[2006年新题型]

[例句精译] 娱乐场将他的照片归入了禁止赌博的人员中，并给他写了“停止入场”的信，信中记录了赌博行为问题的“医学的/心理的”状态和性质。信中写道，在重新被接纳可以进入娱乐场消费前，不会对他的安全和财产产生任何威胁。

▶qualification

qualification n.①资格，合格;②限定，条件;③合格证

[真 题例句] Yet the result may be worse qualifications (①), because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.[2004年阅读2]

[例句精译] 然而，(这种情况的)结果可能就是成绩欠佳，因为这种学生得到的个人关注较少，同时当众讲话时的信心也不足。

▶questionnaire

questionnaire n.调查表，问卷

[真 题例句] In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in fivemiddle size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area.[2001年阅读3]

[例句精译] 在最近一次调查中，问卷被送到了全国五座中等城市及一座大都市的记者手中。

▶revolutionary

revolutionary a.革命的，革新的;n.革命者

[真 题例句] A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary (a.) theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears;[2005年阅读3]

[例句精译] 一个世纪前，弗洛伊德开创了他革命性的理论，即，梦是我们潜意识里愿望和恐惧伪装的影子。

▶semiconductor

semiconductor n.半导体

[真 题例句] For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.[2000年阅读1]

[例句精译]人们曾一度感觉下一个在海外品牌面前全军覆没的似乎该轮到美国的半导体制造业了，而在新计算机时代有着核心作用的半导体正是美国人发明的。

▶substantially

substantially ad.①主要地;②实质上地

[真 题例句] In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially (②) from regular programs.[1994年阅读3]

[例句精译] 作为回应，学校也在调整课程安排，使授课能够适应特殊儿童，适应那些不能从常规课程中真正获益的儿童的需要。

▶underestimate

underestimate v.低估

[真 题例句] Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past.[2006年阅读3]

[例句精译] 因为没有带饵的鱼钩来捕捉它们，一些个体因此没有捕捉到，这导致了过去对鱼类数量的低估。

▶unenlightened

unenlightened a.无知的，落后的

[真 题例句] The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life.[1996年阅读5]

[例句精译] 所有这些书的目的是试图告诉那些迷惑而且常常是还不开通的人：就宇宙和生命的起源与发展问题而言，不可能存在两种都成立的科学理论。

▶unintentional

unintentional a.不是故意的，无意识的

[真题例句] Which of the following is true according to the text?[2004年阅读2]

[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.

[例句精译]根据本文的观点，下面哪项正确?

[D] 字母表使用不当可能会导致无意识的偏见和歧视

▶unprecedented

unprecedented a.空前的

[真 题例句] Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation.[2006年阅读1]

[例句精译] 格雷戈里. 罗德里格兹在《国家移民论坛》中写到，今天的移民既没有达到空前绝后的水平也没有能抵挡住同化作用。

▶unsustainable

unsustainable a.不能成立的，不能支持的

[真题例句] Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable.Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it.[2003年阅读4]

[例句精译] 任何人都明白这个趋势不可能维持下去，但是很少有人愿意扭转它。