III. English-Chinese Translation
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckberger told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected America. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of the intellectual. It is they, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.
First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems. He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals -- the average scientist, for one. (48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties – he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his waking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.
The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. (50) They teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. The description even fits the majority of eminent scholars. Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing; living in “public and illustrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, is something else. (339 words)
IV. Writing Part A
Directions:
You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.
Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)
Sample:
Dear Sir,
I am writing to ask for your help of finding a candidate for the Hope Project, since I have decided to give financial aid to a child in a remote area.如有可能，我很愿意帮助一个西藏的小女孩， 她虽然出生于贫困家庭， 但是很渴望学习。I plan to send her 300 yuan per month. In the meanwhile, I will provide clothes, books and other necessities for her. 如果她将来能够通过努力考上大学，我会继续给予援助。
If you happen to have such a candidate, please let me know as soon as possible.
Thank you for your time.
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
作业：1. 认真复习本单元材料。要注意词汇的确切词义、搭配和用法。注意完形填空的命题思路和应试对策。
2. 阅读“复习指导”中语法长难句试题例解和重点词汇的介词搭配例解。
赠言：成功来源于刻苦努力。(Success results from hard work.)
帮助你学习记忆单词的有效方法 -- 同根词解析
fenc, fend, fens [拉丁语] = protect 防御,
*fence n. 栅栏，围栏，篱笆
*defend [de离开 + fend 击 = 把 … 打跑] vt. 保卫，防守；为 … 辩护
*defence/se n. 防御，保卫；防御物；辩护，答辩；pl. 防务，防御工事
*offend [of (=ob)反对 + fend 还击] vt. 冒犯，得罪，违反；使厌恶，使不舒服
*offence/se n. 犯规
*offensive a. 冒犯的，攻击的 n. 攻势，进攻
