【参考译文】那些去文法学校的人都知道，戏剧是文学的一种形式，它已经给希腊和罗马带来了荣耀，也迟早会给英国带来荣耀。

48) But the professional companies prospered in their permanent theaters, and university men with literary ambitions were quick to turn to these theaters as offering a means of livelihood.

【解析】本句为并列句。前半句the professional companies专业公司，在本文中指的是专业戏剧公司。permanent意为：永久的，固定的，their permanent theaters可翻译为：固定的剧院。前半句可翻译为：但是，专业戏剧公司有了固定的剧院而繁荣发展起来。后半句with literary ambitions修饰university men，可断句翻译为：有文学抱负的大学生迅速投身这些剧院，将其视为谋生的手段。

【参考译文】但是，专业戏剧公司在固定的剧院中繁荣发展起来，有文学抱负的大学生迅速投身这些剧院，并将其视为谋生的手段。

49) A native literary drama had been created, its alliance with the public playhouses established, and at least some of its great traditions had been begun.

【解析】本句为并列句，前半句主干为a native literary drama had been created，可翻译为：一种当地的文学戏剧形式已经被创立，其中被动语态可以直接翻译为：产生出来。its alliance with the public playhouses established为独立主格结构，意思为：它和公共剧院的联盟关系被确立，可翻译为：它与公共剧院建立了联盟关系。后半句主干为：traditions had been begun，可翻译为：最终这种戏剧的一些伟大传统也开始出现。

【参考译文】一种当地的文学戏剧艺术已经产生了，它与公众剧院也建立了联盟关系，而最终这种戏剧的一些伟大传统也开始出现。

50) To realize how great was the dramatic activity, we must remember further that hosts of plays have been lost, and that probably there is no author of note whose entire work has survived.

【解析】本句主干为 we must remember that... and that...。句首不定式短语中to realize后为how引导的宾语从句，可以翻译为：要想知道戏剧艺术的伟大之处。further为状语，修饰remember，可翻译为：还必须记住。hosts of plays翻译为：大量的戏剧作品，其种plays应翻译为“戏剧作品”。第二个that引导的宾语从句的主干为there is no author，之后of note意思为：重要的、引人注目的、著名的。之后为whose引导的定语从句，修饰author of note，定语从句可用融合法，翻译为：没有著名戏剧作者的完整作品保存下来。

【参考译文】要想知道戏剧艺术的伟大之处，我们还必须记住大量的戏剧作品已经丢失，而且或许我们也不会知道那些没有完整作品保存下来的剧作家




Section IV Writing

Part A

51.

Directions:

Write an email to all international experts in your university, inviting them to attend a graduation ceremony. In this letter, you should state the time, place and other information about the ceremony. You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.

Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming ” instead.

Do not write the address .(10 points)

范文：

Dear Experts,

I am the chairman of the Students' Union of our university. As we all know, our graduation ceremony is around the corner. And I am writing for the purpose of asking whether you can honor us to attend it.

You are admired by all the students and we would be grateful if you could be present at the ceremony to be held in our auditorium on June 26th, at 7 p.m. And on behalf of the university, I genuinely invite you to be our distinguished guests to award graduation certificates to students who have completed the required coursework at passing grades. If so, further details about the activity will be sent.

Your presences are cordially requested and appreciated, and I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming





Part B

52. Directions

Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures. In y essay, you should

1) describe the pictures briefly;

2) interpret the meaning, and

3) give your comments.

You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)

2018年考研《英语一》大作文范文）

In front of a desktop sits a young boy who is staring at the screen and selecting the curriculum. Apparently, a trace of hesitancy showed in his eyes. He is considering whether to choose the courses which are high scored, easily passed with less homework, or to choose those that contain new knowledge, focus on creating and are difficult to learn.

The implication echoed by this cartoon can be summarized as a philosophic topic in our daily life：the success of a man is closely related to the choice made by himself. Nevertheless, I cherish a belief that we cannot tell whether the selection is good or not, and as long as we adhere to our decision, success will be realized step by step. Although making a choice is essential to help determine the direction of our way, judged from the personal aspect, persistence functions as an indispensable driving force to keep up our spirit and to assist us to fulfill our study and work. However, some people, pacing up and down, are not industrious and try to find a short-cut success. In fact, only those who are hard-working and brave enough to encounter obstacles of all sorts are most likely to reach the summit of success.

Accordingly, persistence and making our own decision rationally are badly needed in every aspect of our society. In order to bring out this potential capability, our education system is supposed to be reformed fundamentally, focusing on cultivating the ability of confronting challenges. As an old saying goes:”No pain, no gain.”