目录

前言 写给考研阅读理解想考高分的人

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 5

Unit 6

Unit 7

Unit 8

Unit 9

Unit 10

Unit 11

Unit 12

Unit 13

Unit 14

Unit 15

Unit 16

Unit 17

Unit 18

Unit 19

Unit 20

Unit 21

Unit 22

Unit 23

Unit 24

Unit 25





前言

写给考研阅读理解想考高分的人


印老师，您好！我是一名考研学生，正在准备考研英语的复习。我听说复习阅读理解做历年的真题非常有效，可历年真题就那么十几套，我就不用再做其他的练习题目了吗？

这个问题具有很强的代表性，我对这个问题的回答是：考研英语阅读理解真题具有极大的参考价值，但是，只研究真题不做更多的练习题目是绝对行不通的！在每年的考试现场，都有很大比例的考生无法在规定时间内答完试卷，与成功“失之交臂”。造成这个问题最主要的原因就是考生对阅读理解部分不够熟练，占用了太长的考试时间。如果想在规定时间内答完试卷，就必须要加快解答阅读题目的速度，而提高阅读理解的速度的最好办法就是多做阅读理解练习。

在多年的考研英语教学过程中，曾经有无数学生问过我同样一个问题：“考研阅读理解用什么课后练习册呢？”坦率地讲，每次遇到这个问题我都不知该从何回答。因为这个问题非常复杂，对于不同的考生会有不同的答案。一个考生如果选择了比自己能力高出许多倍的练习册，那么后果肯定会是灾难性的——在无数次不必要的打击之后，该考生会坚定自己考不上的信念。反之，如果一个考生选择了比自己能力低许多的练习册，那么在做了很多练习之后考生看到的是虚假的繁荣景象，他会错误地以为自己已经达到了考试的最佳状态，以致在考试时“马失前蹄”。所以，考生在选择阅读理解课后练习的时候最重要的一个原则就是：选择适合自己的。不同水平的考生应该选择不同难度的练习册，这样才能真正做到事半而功倍。

《考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（基础版）》自从2006年8月份问世以来受到了广大考研考生的热烈支持和喜爱，成为持续畅销的考研英语阅读理解课后练习类图书之一。在此，谨代表我本人向广大读者的支持表示诚挚的谢意。但是，《考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（基础版）》编写时针对的主要是英语基本功一般或者不够扎实的考生。它能够帮助这类考生在阅读理解部分得到24～28分（该部分满分40分）。而对于那些英语基本功很扎实、想在考研英语考试中取得高分的考生来说，《考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（基础版）》是远远不够的。

为了满足各类考生的不同需求，经过3年多的努力之后，笔者终于编写完成了《考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（高分版）》。这本书的难度要比基础版高出一个层次。编写这本书的主要目的是为了帮助英语基本功优秀的考生反复演练各种考试技巧，在大量练习之后提高解题速度，以期在阅读理解部分达到28分以上的水平。

和《考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（基础版）》一样，本书的所有文章全部来自于英美国家的权威报纸或杂志，主要包括Newsweek, Times, New York Times, Scientific American, Economist等。题目的命制思路也是完全仿照了历年考试的真题，所有题目已经被多位曾参加过研究生入学考试的的名校在读研究生反复检测。希望本书可以为广大考生在考研英语复习的道路上保驾护航，也祝愿广大考生能够心想事成，在考试中取得好成绩！

印建坤





Unit 1


TEXT ONE


In technology today, there's the big three: Microsoft, Google, Apple. Today, Apple is perhaps the most successful company in the world. Google and Microsoft may get less attention and love, but they're still giant players in search and advertising (Google) and PC operating systems and software (Microsoft). Last week, the two behemoths released earnings. And the results suggest that the highly valuable enterprises are showing signs of maturation, and perhaps even age. At both companies, the core businesses that fueled impressive early growth are falling off. To compensate, Google is pushing into lower-margin related businesses.

Google's sagging earnings—accidentally released early because of human clerical error on the part of their filing firm—revealed two worrisome trends for the search-and-advertising giant. Some 96 percent of Google's revenue comes from selling ads and nearly 70 percent of that revenue comes from sites Google owns, like its search page. But Google is plowing cash into hardware like smartphones and tablets. Google CEO Larry Page said in a statement before a call with analysts that “we took a big bet on Android back in 2005,” and that, today, “over half a billion Android devices” have been sold, with 1.3 million coming online every day.

This is all true, Android is the most popular smart phone standard in the world. No one doubts Android's growth or usefulness as a counterweight to Apple in smartphone operating systems. In the words of the Samsung ads, it's not just “the next big thing” but the big thing. But it's still not clear exactly how Google will make money from its foray into smartphone operating systems and handsets. Google's $12.5 billion acquisition of Motorola, the handset maker, last May, took a big chunk out of the company's quarterly profits. This was the first quarter that the costs of the Motorola acquisition showed up on Google's earnings. Motorola also helps explain the most impressive number Google could report, a 45 percent growth in revenues over the year. Google's third-quarter revenue jumped from $9.7 billion to $14.1 billion, but $2.58 billion of that came from Motorola—more than half.

Google's core Web-and-search business, despite falling off in profitability, still reported strong results. Revenues from websites Google owns came in at $7.73 billion, about two thirds of Google's total revenue. Less payments to sites in Google's network for driving traffic to Google's ads, revenues came in at $11.33 billion, a 15 percent jump from third quarter of 2011. That's not bad. But it turns out that Google is having to spend more to get traffic. Cost-per-click, the revenue generated by an advertiser every time a user clicks on an ad placed by Google, decreased 15 percent since this time last year.

Which helps explain the foray into hardware. Larry Page, Google's CEO, spent a good chunk of his remarks before the earnings call hyping Google's new hardware: the Nexus 7 and the Chromebook, the ultrathin laptop manufactured by Samsung that bears a certain resemblance to another company's offerings (it's also much, much cheaper).

But here's the problem: hardware is a low-margin, tough industry for everyone besides Apple. IBM, America's original high-tech innovative-growth company, got out of the PC business in 2005, while HP and Dell are struggling. And with the PC market coming under pressure from Apple and smartbooks, Microsoft—the original hypergrowth company—is under pressure and trying to find something else that works. Ironically, Microsoft has been aiming at one of the markets that Google dominates.

As Google and Microsoft slug it out in hardware, online advertising, and search in future, Apple sits in its walled garden, looking on with a mix of indifference and glee.

1. From the first paragraph, we may infer that _____.

[A] Microsoft is still the giant player in search and advertising

[B] Google's core businesses had fueled impressive early growth

[C] lower-margin related businesses would have a bright future

[D] Google's revenue mainly comes from selling ads

2. The word “sagging” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means _____.

[A] rising

[B] descending

[C] variable

[D] steady

3. What had Google done to push into lower-margin related businesses?

[A] Google accidentally released its sagging earnings.

[B] Google had bought over half a billion Android devices.

[C] Google is investing into hardware.

[D] Google has devised a method to make money from its foray into smartphone operating systems and handsets.

4. We may infer from Google's practices that _____.

[A] the acquisition of Motorola has slashed Google's revenue growth

[B] Google's core business yields much less profits than before

[C] users click the mouse much than before

[D] Google is still backing its foray into hardware

5. The writer's attitude to Google's foray into hardware can be said as _____.

[A] biased

[B] objective

[C] sympathetic

[D] optimistic





文章剖析


本文主要讲述谷歌的核心业务开始下滑，它转而推进低利润业务。第一段概述微软、谷歌和苹果的地位，指出微软和谷歌的核心业务开始下滑，引出谷歌正在推进低利润业务的事实；第二、三段介绍谷歌投资低利润业务所采取的行动，如倚重安卓系统、收购摩托罗拉；第四段分析谷歌面临的业绩下滑的问题；第五、六段进一步分析谷歌向低利润的硬件投资的动向和面临的竞争压力；第七段指出谷歌与微软未来的竞争，以及苹果公司的观望态度。





词汇注释


behemoth n. 巨头；巨兽；庞然大物

margin n. 利润；边缘；空白

clerical adj. 文书或办事员的；教士的

counterweight n. 平衡力；平衡物

foray n. （改变职业、活动的）尝试，涉足；突袭；攻击

hype v. 大肆宣传；使…兴奋

resemblance n. 相似；相似之处

hypergrowth n. 高速增长

slug v. 重击；偷懒；动作迟缓

glee n. 快乐；欢欣





难句突破


①Google CEO Larry Page said in a statement before a call with analysts that “we took a big bet on Android back in 2005,” and that, today, “over half a billion Android devices” have been sold, with 1.3 million coming online every day.

主体句式：...Larry Page said in a statement...that...and that...

结构分析：本句是一个复合句，修饰成分较多。before a call with analysts为时间状语。that...and that同时作said的宾语，句末的with + n. + 现在分词构成了介词短语，作伴随状语。

句子译文：谷歌的首席执行官拉里·佩奇在致电分析师之前的一次声明中说，“2005年，我们在安卓上下了一大笔赌注”，今天，“5亿多安卓设备”已被销售出去，每天网上的订购量有130万件。

②As Google and Microsoft slug it out in hardware, online advertising, and search in future, Apple sits in its walled garden, looking on with a mix of indifference and glee.

主体句式：Apple sits in...

结构分析：这是一个复合句，是由as引导的时间状语句型，“slug it out”意思是“决一雌雄”，looking on with... 是分词短语用作伴随状语。

句子译文：尽管未来谷歌和微软将在硬件、网络广告和搜索领域一决雌雄，苹果公司却端坐在“带有围墙的花园”里，用一种漠然和欣喜混杂的态度观望着。





题目分析


1. From the first paragraph, we may infer that _____.

[A] Microsoft is still the giant player in search and advertising

[B] Google's core businesses had fueled impressive early growth

[C] lower-margin related businesses would have a bright future

[D] Google's revenue mainly comes from selling ads

1. 由第一段我们可以推断出_____.

[A] 微软仍然是搜索和广告领域的泰斗

[B] 谷歌的核心业务曾推动了其早期的显著发展

[C] 低利润业务前景光明

[D] 谷歌的收益主要来自于销售广告

答案：B　难度系数：☆☆☆

分析：细节题。文章第一段主要讲述了微软、谷歌和苹果的地位，指出微软和谷歌的核心业务正在下滑，谷歌正在推动低利润的业务。选项A说“微软”仍然是搜索和广告领域的泰斗，而文中该句描述的是谷歌，因此可排除。文中只指出谷歌正在推动低利润业务，并未预测其前景光明，故C选项错误。选项D本身的表述是正确的，但是该表述是第二段的内容，明显与题意不符。只有B选项的表述最符合题意，故为答案。

2. The word “sagging” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means _____.

[A] rising

[B] descending

[C] variable

[D] steady

2. 单词sagging（第二段第一行）最有可能的意思是_____.

[A] 上升的

[B] 下降的

[C] 多变的

[D] 稳定的

答案：B　难度系数：☆☆☆

分析：猜词题。文中第一段提到，上周谷歌和微软两巨头发布了利润情况，结果显示，推动其早期显著发展的核心业务正在下滑，为了弥补这一状况，谷歌正在推动低利润的业务。据此可推测，第二段的第一句指的应该是利润下降，起到承接上文的作用，因此B选项最符合题意，故为答案。

3. What had Google done to push into lower-margin related businesses?

[A] Google accidentally released its sagging earnings.

[B] Google had bought over half a billion Android devices.

[C] Google is investing into hardware.

[D] Google has devised a method to make money from its foray into smartphone operating systems and handsets.

3. 为了推进低利润业务，谷歌采取了什么行动？

[A] 谷歌意外地公布了其利润下降。

[B] 谷歌已买进五亿多安卓设备。

[C] 谷歌正在投资硬件。

[D] 谷歌已找到了一个方法，即通过涉足智能手机操作系统和手机来获利。

答案：C　难度系数：☆☆☆

分析：细节题。题目要求找出谷歌为了推进低利润业务所采取的行动。选项A很明显不是谷歌为了推进低利润业务而采取的行动，故排除。根据文章二、三段可知，谷歌正在向智能手机和平板电脑这样的硬件投资，开始侧重销售安卓系统，并收购摩托罗拉。因此B选项不符合题意。由第三段中的it's still not clear exactly how Google will make money from... 可知，谷歌将如何从涉足智能手机操作系统和手机领域来获利，尚不得而知，故D选项错误。只有C选项最符合题意，故为答案。

4. We may infer from Google's practices that _____.

[A] the acquisition of Motorola has slashed Google's revenue growth

[B] Google's core business yields much less profits than before

[C] users click the mouse much than before

[D] Google is still backing its foray into hardware

4. 我们可以从谷歌采取的行动中推知_____.

[A] 收购摩托罗拉削减了谷歌的收益增长

[B] 谷歌的核心业务与以前相比获取的利润少多了

[C] 用户点击鼠标的次数比以前多了

[D] 谷歌仍在力推其在硬件领域的尝试

答案：D　难度系数：☆☆☆☆

分析：推理题。文章的第三段提到，谷歌收购摩托罗拉使年收益率增长了45%，因此A选项错误。第四段提到，谷歌的核心业务——网络搜索，尽管收益率有所下滑，但业绩依然不菲，因此B选项在文中找不到依据。C选项意为用户点击鼠标的次数比以前多了，而文中讲述的是谷歌是以用户点击谷歌网页上的广告次数来产生利润的，自去年此时以来利润下降了15%，故C选项错误。只有D选项可以由谷歌采取的一系列措施推断得出，故为答案。

5. The writer's attitude to Google's foray into hardware can be said as _____.

[A] biased

[B] objective

[C] sympathetic

[D] optimistic

5. 作者对谷歌涉足硬件领域的态度可以说是_____.

[A] 有偏见的

[B] 客观的

[C] 同情的

[D] 乐观的

答案：B　难度系数：☆☆

分析：态度题。文中首先讲述了微软、谷歌和苹果的地位，接着分析了谷歌开始进军低利润的硬件投资领域，文章最后指出，尽管未来谷歌和微软将在硬件、网络广告和搜索领域一决雌雄，苹果公司却端坐在“带有围墙的花园”里，用一种漠然和欣喜混杂的态度观望着。可见，作者理性地分析了谷歌的处境，但并没有明确表明自己的看法，因此作者的态度是比较客观的。





参考译文


当今的科技领域有三大巨头：微软、谷歌和苹果。目前，苹果也许是世界上最成功的公司。虽然谷歌和微软可能受到较少的关注和喜爱，但是谷歌依然是搜索和广告领域的泰斗，微软仍然是电脑操作系统和软件方面的巨擘。上周，谷歌和微软两巨头发布了其利润情况。结果显示，这两个市值极高的公司正显露出成熟的迹象，甚至可能是衰退的迹象。在这两个公司里，推动其早期显著发展的核心业务正在下滑。为了弥补这一现状，谷歌正在推进低利润的业务。

谷歌利润下降——这一消息意外提早公布是由于其文员在给公司归档文件时出现了失误——这透露出这个搜索和广告巨头令人担忧的两大趋势。谷歌约96%的收益来自于广告销售，其中收益的近70%来自于谷歌旗下的网站，比如搜索网页。但是谷歌正在向智能手机和平板电脑这样的硬件投资。谷歌的首席执行官拉里·佩奇在致电分析师之前的一次声明中说，“2005年，我们在安卓上下了一大笔赌注”，今天，“5亿多安卓设备”已被销售出去，每天网上的订购量有130万件。

毋庸置疑，安卓是世界上最受欢迎的智能机标准。作为能与苹果智能手机操作系统相抗衡的系统，没有人怀疑安卓的发展或者有效性。用三星电子的广告词说，它不仅是“明日之星”，也是眼下的大热门。但是关于谷歌将如何通过涉足智能手机的操作系统和手机来获利，仍不得而知。去年五月，谷歌以125亿美元收购了手机制造商摩托罗拉，花费了谷歌季度利润的一大部分。这是收购摩托罗拉的费用体现在谷歌利润情况中的第一个季度。摩托罗拉也诠释了谷歌报告中惊人的数字，即年收益率增长了45%。谷歌第三季度的收益从97亿美元跃至141亿美元，但是其中25.8亿美元——超过一半的收益——来自于摩托罗拉。

谷歌的核心业务——网络搜索，尽管收益率有所下滑，但业绩依然不菲。来自于谷歌旗下网站的收入达到了77.3亿美元，约为谷歌总收益的三分之二。收费较少的是谷歌网络中将流量引向广告的网站，其收益达到了113.3亿美元，比2011年第三季度突增了15%。这样的业绩还不错。但是结果证明，谷歌不得不花费更多以获得流量。每点击一次的费用，也就是用户每点击一次谷歌上投置的广告，广告客户所带给谷歌的收益自去年此时以来利润就下降了15%。

这也有助于解释谷歌涉足硬件领域的原因。拉里·佩奇是谷歌的首席执行官，他在接到盈利电话之前大肆宣传谷歌新的硬件：Nexus 7和Chromebook。这些是三星制造的超薄笔记本电脑，和其他公司的产品有一定的相似之处，但它们的价格却更便宜。

但是还有一个问题：对于任何一家公司，除苹果之外，硬件产业都是一个低利润且运营艰难的产业。IBM是美国老牌的高科技创新型增长公司，该公司在2005年退出了个人电脑行业，而惠普公司和戴尔公司也正在挣扎。随着个人电脑市场受到了来自于苹果和智能机的压力，微软这个最早高速发展的公司也面临着压力并尝试寻找其他可行的办法。具有讽刺意味的是，微软正瞄准了谷歌主导的市场之一。

尽管未来谷歌和微软将在硬件、网络广告和搜索领域一决雌雄，苹果公司却端坐在“带有围墙的花园”里，用一种漠然和欣喜混杂的态度观望着。





TEXT TWO


He emerged, all of a sudden, in 1957: the most explosive new poetic talent of the English post-war era. Poetry specialised, at that moment, in the wry chronicling of the everyday. The poetry of Yorkshire-born Ted Hughes, first published in a book called The Hawk in the Rain when he was 27, was unlike anything written by his immediate predecessors. Driven by an almost Jacobean rhetoric, it had a visionary fervour. Its most eye-catching characteristic was Hughes's ability to get beneath the skins of animals: foxes, otters, pigs. These animals were the real thing all right, but they were also, armorial devices—symbols of the countryside and lifeblood of the earth in which they were rooted. It gave his work a raw, primal stink.

It was not only England that thought so, either. Hughes's book was also published in America, where it won the Galbraith Prize, a major literary award. But then, in 1963, Sylvia Plath, a young American poet whom he had first met at Cambridge University in 1956, and who became his wife in the summer of that year, committed suicide. Hughes was vilified for long after that, especially by feminists in America. In 1998, the year he died, Hughes broke his own self-imposed public silence about their relationship in a book of loose-weave poems called Birthday Letters. In this new and exhilarating collection of real letters, Hughes returns to the issue of his first wife's death, which he calls his “big and unmanageable event”. He felt his talent muffled by the perpetual eavesdropping upon his every move. Not until he decided to publish his own account of their relationship did the burden begin to lighten.