3. Team work 一个人盖楼房很辛苦, 很多人在一起建, 他们脸上有很多笑容.
As is vividly depicted in the picture, 描述图画. The most striking feature is 图画重点信息. There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that 重复上面的图画信息 profoundly indicates that team work is momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. Undoubtedly, it is team work that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty and discouragement , that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. Unless we cooperate sincerely, , we will live a dull and depressing life and feel frustrated and humiliated, only to be eliminated. No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. A person who is assigned various jobs along the production lines will make a mess just because no one can be proficient in all the things. Only by cooperating with other people can you put your capacities into full play and can you be the winner in the society.
From what have been discussed above, It admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to involve yourself into a team work. It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make your team work more efficient. On the one hand, we should be sensible to be receptive to other people’s opinions and benefits. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to be active in taking a more tough job and always helpful and honest to other people. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
4. 对别人真诚，有礼貌，无私奉献，谦虚为人
Genuineness and cordiality are rewarding
As is vividly depicted in the picture, a young man with a suitcase under his arm is stretches his hand to greet himself reflected in the mirror. The most striking feature is his image in the mirror is smiling at him sincerely. There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that his smile can be reflected as tenderly as his real smile profoundly indicates that genuineness and cordiality are momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. It is corporation with the team with great zeal that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty and discouragement, that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. Unless we are genuine to others, we will not be acknowledged, appreciated and respected by the others No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. Many capable people who always care about his way of thinking will be living a dull, depressing life.Only by being genuine to others can they win other people’s trust and can they reward the support, sympathy .
From what have been discussed above, It admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to cooperate with others with great zeal It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make it work. On the one hand, we should be sensible to encourage ourselves to imagine everyone to be our friends not enemies. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to examine our behaviors to make sure they will not hurt others. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
5.选择工作，实事求是，量体裁衣，因地制宜
The fittest is the best
As is vividly depicted in the picture in the left picture a man A carrying a spanner. He seems very delighted and energetic although wet over with sweat. The most striking feature is……………..There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that the two man in different social positions have different attitudes toward life profoundly indicates that the fittest is the best to anyone who wants to enjoy their life. It is fitting the job that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty and discouragement , that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. Unless we choose the job that fit us, we will make a mess out of our life. No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. Many capable people who have the burning desire to win choose a admirable employment and suffer great illnesses.
From what have been discussed above, It admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to choose job that can be done within his capability. It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make it work. On the one hand, we should be sensible to find what we are skillful at and make a plan about the future. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to change to another job if it does not fit us.However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
问题讨论型
第一段（描述现象）Nowaday there is often a lack of understanding between A and B.On the one hand, A find it difficult to...。On the other hand, B complain that ... are too "old-fashioned"(to)...。So whenever... are in trouble ,they will seek help from ... instead of from...
第二段（分析原因）There are some possible reasons for the problem.In the first place,...。In the second place,...put too much pressure on ...and spare little time to ...。Finally... (参考原因：Even if A listen to the explanation of B, A often disagree with B.) As a result, the problem is becoming more and more serious.
第三段（对症下药，给出建议。）To bridge the (gap) between A and B, both of them should be co-operative. For A ,they should be considerate of ... ( for the sake of ... ). As for B, they should ...。With joint efforts, A and B can reach a better understanding...
笔者注：模式中的每一段基本都由首句，扩展句，结论三部份组成，此后模式中此类注释将部份同前省略。
类比型
1，立足两事物间的共性，阐述二者之间的相似之处（比较法）
2，立足各自的个性，阐述二者之间的差异 （对照法）
第一段（A的好处）Many people appreciate the conveniences of A。
...。Also,...。
第二段（B的好处）But B is also attractive。...
第三段（A，B各自的不足）However, either A or B has its own disadvantages. A are confronted with many problems. Such as... and so on. But B...
第四段（我的选择）As for me, I prefer to A. First,...。Second,(参考原因：compared with the undeveloped factors of B, A is an adeal... for me to...（最后谈对A不足的补救措施）Of course...
对待某事物与成功的关系（以机遇为例）
第一段（首句引出机遇--机不可失，失不再来）Opportunities don`t come often.（扩展句1机遇常常悄然离去）They come every once in a while. Very often, they come quietly and go by without being noticed.（结论珍惜机遇）Therefore, it is advisable that you should value and treat them with care.
第二段（首句说明机遇的偶然性） When an opportunity presents itself(来到时）,it brings a promise but never realizes it on its own. （扩展句1抓住机遇，实现成功的途径）If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared.（扩展句2反证法）Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you. （结论必须做好一切可能的准备）It is clear that it order to be highly qualified for our future jobs. We should make every possible preparation.
第三段（Relationship between opportunity and success--首句说明处理机遇的态度是成功者与失败者之间的区别） The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities.（扩展句1成功者的态度）The successfull person always make adequate preparations to meet... as they duly arrive.（扩展句2失败者的态度）The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits to see them pass by.（结论）Obviously, the two different attitudes towards opportunities may lead to quite different consequences.
第四段（我的观点） In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly can make use of them to achieve their purpose.
笔者注：（1）全文选取该文做为自己的一个模式，是认为此类文章有一定的普遍性。考研时此类作文虽给出题纲，但短时间内不好扩展，有时甚至无话可说。所以对与此类文章，还是该早做准备----加以总结归纳。
（2）此模式中大部份诸如“If you want to achieve something... make efforts and get prepared.”等的句子实际也是模式说理句型，可运用于多种环境之中。平时要注意此类说理句型的总结，将其纳入模式之中。
（3）特别像此类不好说具体道理的文章，尤其要注意文章的开头，结尾以及中间段的头尾的启，乘，转，合之处。因为考试中说理部份大家都可能差不多半斤八两。
（4）“presents itself”= come,但在文中最好多用此类的新词（大学学的词或短语），这样就有可能成为亮点。
图画作文预测
Unit 1
写作题目与要求
Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the set of drawings,
2) analyze the purpose of the painter and
3) state your position.
You should write about 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20points）
参考范文：
As is vividly revealed in the series of drawings above, a man has to go to four hospitals to confirm his health condition due to the irresponsibility of medical units, which seems to be humorous and funny but is most thought-provoking on second thoughts.
The aim of the painter of the drawings can be briefed as follows. To begin with, the irresponsibility in some working units can no longer be ignored by us. Accidents of various kinds resulting from irresponsibility happen more frequently than ever before. Coal mine accidents and medical accidents reported by the media are the cases in point. In the international communication, our irresponsibility has spoiled the credibility and image of our country. Responsibility does means a lot to us. What’s more, the irresponsibility of some working units should be regarded as social malignant tumor. At present the grim status contradicts our efforts to build up a harmonious society. The irresponsibility spells us heavy physical and psychological burden. And most often, the people who are frequently mistreated with irresponsibility will develop deep hatred for our society. In one word, the irresponsibility must be removed because it hinders the progress of our society.
In my view, concrete and effective measures must be taken to get rid of the phenomenon of irresponsibility. On the one hand, laws and regulations must be established to stop the existing irresponsibility. On the other hand, the importance of responsibility should be widely spread to make every citizen honor the sense of responsibility. Only in this way can we live in a safe and harmonious society. (262 words)
Unit 2
写作题目与要求
Study the following drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the drawing,
2) analyze the purpose of the painter and
3) state counter-measures.
You should write about 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20points）
参考范文：
As is vividly demonstrated in the drawing above, a pleasant trip is spoiled by a man who takes off one of his shoes on a plane, which is most though-provoking. Phenomenon of the kind is not uncommon around us.
The aim of the painter of the drawing can be briefed as follows. On the one hand, bad manners in public places can no longer be ignored. Over these years, the people’s living standards have greatly improved, but the development of our civilization seems to fall far behind. No matter where you live and work, bad manners are easily spotted. The stains of spitting and chewing gums have become the disaster of most public places. Good manners, such as waiting in line and saying “Thank you” and “Sorry”, are rarely found. We are losing the basic qualities of modern citizen. On the other hand, it is urgent for us to eliminate ore bad manners. As we know, the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games requires a nice environment. It is our obligation to display not only our sports development but also our national civilization to the international community. Such bad manners revealed in the drawing will spoil our international image. In sum, bad manners should arouse our social concern.
In my view, counter-measures should be taken to get rid of the headache caused by bad manners. First of all, laws and regulations must be set up to ban bad manners. In addition, a nation-wide campaign must be launched to spread the importance of good manners among the general pubic, especially the young. Only in this way can we soon embrace a harmonious society. (271 words)
Unit 3
写作题目与要求
Study the following drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the drawing,
2) deduce the purpose of the painter and
3) suggest counter-measures.
You should write about 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20points）
参考范文：
As is vividly betrayed in the drawing above, the people who are watching the chess game are reluctant to openly express their opinions about what is right and what is wrong though they can tell the right from the wrong. The drawing is really thought-provoking.
The aim of the painter of the drawing is to reveal the fact that people in modern society are losing the courage to openly support what is right and condemn what is wrong due to their personal interests. The theft case in the bus is a case in point. Most often, nobody is brave enough to stop the thief. Sometimes the person who stops the thief in the bus is seriously injured by the thief with other passengers doing nothing to help on the spot. It is quite common that some victims dare not admit in public that their properties are stolen. Such cases are increasing and threatening our society.
Counter-measures should be taken to avoid the cases mentioned above. To begin with, we must lunch a campaign to popularize the world outlook of sticking to what is right and condemning what is wrong. What’s more, we must establish relevant laws to award those who support what is right and punish those who avoid and escape when they are encountering the wrong. (217 words)Unit 4
写作题目与要求
Study the following drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the drawing , 2) interpret its meaning and 3) suggest counter-measures.
You should write about 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20points）
参考范文：
As is vividly betrayed in the drawing above, all the people are advocating individualism which is highly valued by most people who are living in our modern society. This drawing mirrors a reality in our society, which should arouse our social concern.
The implied meaning of the drawing can be illustrated as follows. To begin with, the overemphasizing of individualism is detrimental to our society. Since we are living in a social environment, we should attach equal importance to both individualism and co-operation. Otherwise, our society can not keep balance and will stop developing. What’s more individualism sometimes must come second. Many significant projects, such as bridge building, rocket launching and so forth in our society, must be conducted by way of co-operation. If we always take individualism as the priority no matter what we are engaged in, our social progress is bound to be hindered, which will do harm to the development of human civilization.
Counter-measures must be taken to curb the prevailing trend so as to return people a harmonious living and working environment. Most importantly, we must realize that we cannot survive without our dependence on the society and understand the importance of co-operation. (198 words)
Unit 5
短文指导
A、Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in no less than 200 words.
B、Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
C、Your essay should meet the requirements below:
1) describe the set of pictures, interpret its meaning
2) and point out the implications in our life
参考范文：
The set of pictures present in front of us a sharp contrast between two different kinds of attitudes people hold in the face of stressful events. The former type is always staying away from some misfortunes or crises, trying to desperately “fly” when confronted with difficulties, but individuals of the latter type optimistically “fight” against such events, sure that they will be in control of their own destiny. Indeed, we should act on the values of optimism.
The pessimist invariably takes a passive “fight” in the face of adversities. He feels like fate’s plaything and moves slowly. He doesn’t seek advice, assuming that nothing can be done when he is in difficulty or in distress. Any studies suggest that the pessimist’s feeling of helplessness undermines the body’s natural defenses, the immune system. Feeling passive and unable to dodge life’s blows, he expects ill health and other misfortunes, no matter what he does.
On the contrary, optimists will feel in control of their own life. If something is going wrong, an optimist acts quickly, reaching out for advice, forming a new plan of action, and looking for solutions. He will think that he is much better than the facts would justify-and more often than not, that is what keeps him alive and active, as evidenced in many successful medical treatments. He actually recognizes that stress is nothing but a natural part of his routine life. Sure enough, what determines our choice between “flying” or “fighting” will be our attitudes towards life, not the stress itself.
If we hold an optimistic attitude, we can change our life for the better. Very few can come through distressful periods with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We should also know that a long time with no “fighting” except “flying” can lead to boredom, and even worse, to physical and mental strain. (about 300 words)
Unit 6
Directions:
Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled Keep Wits about Viruses in Medium. In this essay you should:
(1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning,
(2) describe the picture and interpret its meaning,
(3) suggest counter-measures.
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
参考范文：
Have you noticed that the increasing high rate of juvenile delinquency is becoming a severe social problem in modern society? To some degrees, the negative influence of mass medium is one of the main causes to the problem. In the above cartoon, what impressed you most must be the status that some medium are full of violence, vulgarity and pornography. The drawer of this cartoon just wants to warn us to keep wits about viruses in medium through these vivid personifications.
As a matter of fact, when you open a TV set, some programs featuring violent and sex will be found easily and quickly. Swords, knives, fists and guns most of the time are used to kill people. In order to attract more viewers’ attention, some directors and producers even go so far as to describe in detail the process of murder or killing, while some publisher print and sell obscene books in the public. In their eyes, the most important is the money rather than quality and content of their products. However, the negative effects brought by them are beyond estimating. Take obscene books and violence movies as example. They are very dangerous to people, especially young people. Once they are exposed to violence or dirty ideas, young people will be harmed on body and mind for a long time. They may harden their hearts to human beings and start to see life as valueless. What is worse, perhaps some will treat violence and sex as the ordinary way of life, so shooting and selling body and soul are way to succeed. Such mischiefs usually head them to a wrong way in the nearby future.
Therefore, the present situation forces us to adopt some methods to change and improve. Fist, a stricter control and supervision on the mass medium should be set up. Second, the mass medium should reject the profit-oriented concept and advocate and publicize peaceful and healthy ideas. Third, parents should educate their children to distinguish the right from the wrong in life. Only in this way can our society become more stable, beautiful and harmonious.
Unit 7
Directions:
Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled Be Round or Be Square. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
(1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning
(2) according to the picture, make a comment and give your reasons
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
参考范文：
Honesty is one of the traditional virtues in China. We don’t like a double-faced man. Although he or she can gain advantages from both sides, he or she will be looked down upon by our honest men. In my eyes, the dishonest man is a snob, and there is a caricature in which we find a man who has brought with him two absolutely different reports. When he is in front of his boss with a “round” head, he will present him with a report described in a “round” way. But when he turns to another boss who has a “square” head, he caters to him with a report written in terms of “square”. Obviously, t