第七套
1. The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play “Romeo and Juliet” ‘A rose by any other name would smell as sweet’ well illustrates _______.(      )
  A. the conventional nature of language
  B .the creative nature of language
  C. the universality of language
  D. the big difference between human language and animal communication
2. Of the following sound combinations, only _______ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English.(      )
  A. kibl            B. bkil            C. ilkb          D. ilbk
3.The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _______ formula "S→NP VP".(      )
  A. hierarchical    B. linear          C. tree diagram   D. vertical
4. It is the _______ on Case assignment that states that a Case assignor and a Case recipient should stay adjacent to each other.(      )
  A. Case Condition                    B. parameter     
  C. Adjacent Condition                  D. Adjacent Parameter
5. Predication analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning.
  A. phoneme          B. word            C. phrase          D. sentence
6. According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _______.(      )
  A. commisives      B. directives      C. expressives    D. declaratives
7. The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.
  A. synchronic      B. diachronic      C. comparative    D. historical comparative
8. The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+last name, _______,and kin term.
  A. title+first name                B. title+title
  C. title alone                      D. first name+last name+title
9. Language and thought may be viewed as two independent circles overlapping  in some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as "subvocal speech," and speech as "_______".(      )
  A. vocal thought                  B. subvocal thought
  C. covert thought                  D. overt thought
10. Which of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language acquisition?_______.(      )
  A. Language acquisition is a process of habit formation
  B. Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beings
  C. Children are born with an innate ability to acquire language
  D. Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use
第八套
  1. Linguistics is the scientific study of __________.
    A. a particular language
    B. the English language
    C. human languages in general
    D. the system of a particular language
    2. The consonant [f] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features: __________.
    A. voiceless, bilabial, stop
    B. voiceless, labiodental, fricative
    C. voiced, bilabial, stop        D. voiced, labiodental, fricative
    3. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix "ed" in the word "learned" is known as a(n) __________.
    A. derivational morpheme     B. free morpheme
    C. inflectional morpheme    D. free form
    4. In the phrase structure rule "S→NP VP", the arrow can be read as __________.
    A. is equal to   B. consists of   C. has   D. generates
    5. "I bought some roses" __________ "I bought some flowers".
    A. entails   B. presupposes   C. is inconsistent with  D. is synonymous with
    6. Y's utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of __________.
    X: Who was that you were with last night?
    Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?
    A. quality    B. quantity   C. relation    D. manner
    7. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes, __________, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed, added, lost or altered.
    A. phrases      B. sentences   C. morphemes   D. utterances
    8. In a speech community people have something in common __________a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it.
    A. socially      B. linguistically    C. culturally     D. pragmatically
9. Which of the major mental functions listed below is not under the control of the left hemisphere in most people? __________.
    A. language and speech    B. visual and spatial skills
    C. reading and writing        D. analytic reasoning
    10. In general, the __________ stage begins roughly in the second half of the child's second year.
    A. babbling    B. one-word    C. two-word    D. multiword
第九套
1. Saussure’s distinction and Chomsky’s are very similar, but they differ in that ____________.
A. Saussure took a sociological view of language while Chomsky took a psychological point of view
B. Saussure took a psychological view of language while Chomsky took a sociological point of view
C. Saussure took a pragmatic view of language while Chomsky took a semantic point of view
D. Saussure took a structural view of language while Chomsky took a pragmatic point of view
2. Language is a system of ____________ vocal symbols used for human communication.
A. unnatural        B. artificial    C. superficial       D. arbitrary
3. We are born with the ability to acquire language, _______________.
A. and the details of any language system are genetically transmitted
B. therefore, we needn’t learn the details of our mother tongue
C. but the details of language have to be learnt.
D. and the details are acquired by instinct
4. A(n)________ is a phonological unit of distinctive value. It is a collection of distinctive phonetic features.
A. phone           B. allophone     C. phoneme       D. sound
5. The morpheme –ed in the word “worked” is a(n) __________ morpheme.
A. derivational         B. inflectional      C. free                    D. word-forming
6. WH-movement is __________ in English which changes a sentence from affirmative to interrogative.
A. obligatory         B. optional      C. selectional        D. arbitrary
7. Naming theory, one of the oldest notions concerning meaning, was proposed by _____________.
A. Grice         B. Plato     C. Saussure       D. Ogden and Richards
8. “John married a blond heiress.”__________ “John married a blond.”
A. is synonymous with         B. is inconsistent with     C. entails         D. presupposes
9. In semantic analysis of a sentence, the basic unit is called ____________, which is the abstraction of the meaning of a sentence.
A. utterance          B. reference          C. predication        D. morpheme
10. In Austin’s speech act theory, ___________ is the act of expressing the speaker’s intention; it is the act performed in saying something.
A. a perlocutionary act     B. a locutionary act     C. a constative act     D. an illocutionary act
1-5. A D C C B       6-10. A B C C D
第十套
1. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _______.
A. prescriptive    B. analytic   C. descriptive    D. linguistic
2. Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?
A. Arbitrariness    B. Displacement     C. Duality      D. Meaningfulness
3. Modern linguistics regards the written language as _______.
A. primary        B. correct       C. secondary      D. stable
4. In modern linguistics, speech is regarded as more basic than writing, because _______.
A. in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing
B. speech plays a greater role than writing in terms of the amount of information conveyed
C. speech is always the way in which every native speaker acquires his mother tongue
D. All of the above
5. A historical study of language is a _______ study of language.
A. synchronic      B. diachronic      C. prescriptive      D. comparative
6. Saussure took a(n) _______ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a ________ point of view.
A. sociological…psychological        B. psychological…sociological
C. applied…pragmatic          D. semantic…linguistic
7. According to F. de Saussure, _______ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
A. parole      B. performance       C. langue      D. Language
8. Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _______ and meanings.
A. sense      B. sounds       C. objects      D. ideas
9. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called _______,
A. displacement    B. duality       C. flexibility    D. cultural transmission
10. The details of any language system is passed on from one generation to the next through _______, rather than by instinct.
A. learning    B. teaching     C. books    D. both A and B
第十一套
1.　Modern linguistics differs from traditional grammar for it is mostly _________.
A. prescriptive　　　B. descriptive　 　C. subjective　　　D. Latin-based
2.　A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as ________.
A. abnormal　　　B. something to be feared　　 C. natural   　　D. unnatural
3.　Which of the following sounds is a voiced affricate？
A. [dV]　　 B.[tF]　　 C.[z]　　　D.[T]
4.　There are ___________morphemes in the word “disabled”？
A. one　　 B. two　　C. three　　D. four
5.　In English， “dis-“ is called________？
A. a free morpheme　　　　 B. a suffix　　　 C. an infix　　　　　　D. a prefix
6.　Black English is probably the most widespread and most familiar ____ variety of the English language.
A. regional　　　　B. ethnic　　　　 C. social　　　 D. lower class
7.　The pair of words “alive” and “dead” are _____________.
A. gradable antonyms　　　　 B. complementary antonyms
C. relational opposites　　　　 D. co-hyponyms
8.　____ belong（s） to the Indo-European language family.
A. English　　　　B. German　　　　 C. French　　　　　 D. All of them
9.　The sentence “Kids like apples” is a___________.
A.　two-place predication　　B.　three-place predication
C.　no-place predication　　  D.　one-place predication
10.　What is the construction of the sentence： “The baby smiled？”
A. subordinate　　　　 B. coordinate　 　C. exocentric　　　　 D. endocentric
1.　B　 2. C　3. A　 4. C　 5. D　 6. B　 7. B　8. D　9. A　10. C
第十二套
1. F. de Saussure is a（n） _________ linguist.
A. American　　　　　　 B. Swiss
C. British　　　　　　　D. Russian
2. Which of the following sounds is a voiced bilabial stop？
A. [p]　　　 B. [m]　　 C. [b]　　　 D. [t]
3. Of the “words” listed below， __________ is not an English word.
A. [spriN]　　　　　　B. [lkbi]　     　C. [strikt]　　　　　　 D. [5U：ziz]
4. The affixes which manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as “-ing，-est” are called __________.
A. derivational affixes　　　B. free morphemes
C. inflectional affixes　　　 D. roots
5. The sentence containing two clauses joined by a linking word is called a ____________ sentence.
A. coordinate　　　　　 B. simple　　 C. subordinate　　　　　 D. embedded
6. “Words are names or labels for things.” This view is called _________ in semantic theory.
A. mentalism　　　 B. contextualism　　 C. conceptualism　　　　 D. naming theory
7. The semantic relationship between flower and rose is _______.
A. hyponyms　　　　　　   B. hyponymy
C. co-hyponyms　　　　　　D. superordinate
8. The words such as handbook and highway are ___________.
A. formed by blending　　　B. coined by back-formation
C. compound words　　　　 D. derivations
9. X-bar theory is __________________.
A. highly specific and concrete，therefore only useful to solve concrete problems
B. capable of reducing the redundancies of individual phrasal structure rules
C. so highly abstract that it can explain all the properties of all phrasal categories
D. inefficient in coping with the language structures other than those of English　
10. The words “railway” and “railroad” are __________.
A. synonyms differing in emotive meaning
B. synonyms differing in styles　
C. dialectal synonyms
D. synonyms differing in register
1.　B　2. C　 3. B　 4. C　 5. A　 6. D　 7.　B　 8.　C　 9. B　10. C
第十三套
1.　 The study of language development at some point in time is generally termed as ___________ linguistics.
A. comparative　　　　　　B. applied
C. synchronic　　　　　　 D. diachronic
2.　 N. Chomsky is a famous _____________ linguist.
A. American　　　　　　B. British
C. Greek　　　　　　　 D. Swiss
3.　 In the following sounds ___________ is a voiceless affricate.
A. [d]　　　B.[l]　　　C. [tF]　　　 D. [w]
4.　 In English， “pill” and “bill” are　___________.
A. a phonemic contrast　　　　B. complementary distribution
C. assimilation　　　　　 D a minimal pair
5.　 The word “unhappiness” has ____________ morpheme（s）
A. one　　　B. two　　　C. three　　 D. four
6.　 In English the letter combination “care” in the word “carelessness” is called ___________.
A. suffix　　　　　　B. prefix
C. infix　　　　　　　D. free morpheme
7.　 A word with several meaning is called _________.
A. a synonymous word　　　　 B. a polysemous word
C. an abnormal word　　　　D. none of the above
8.　 We call the relation between “animal” and “tiger” as ___________.
A. polysemy　　　　　　B. synonymy
C. hyponymy　　　　　　D. homophony
9.　 The pair of words “let’ and “rent” is called ___________.
A. relational opposites　　　B. gradable antonyms
C. complementary antonyms　　　D. co-hyponyms
10.　　 Which description of the meaning components of the word “mother” is right.
A. [+human， +adult， +male]　　 B. [-human， +adult， +male]　　C. [+human， +adult， -male]　　 D. [+human， -adult，-male]
1.　C　2. A　 3. C　 4. D　 5.C　 6. D　 7.　B　8. C　9.　A　10. C
第十四套
1. The word “language” is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a person’s language called _________.
A. colloquial language　　　 B. scientific language
C. standard language　　　　 D. idiolect
2.Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary？
A. bang　　 B. photo　　 C. typewriter　　 D. rumble
3.Which of the following sounds is a diphthong？
A. [ai]　　　B. [t]　　　 C[dV]　　　 D. [A]
4. “hot dog” with the first element stressed means________.
A. a dog which is hot
B. a barking dog
C. a kind of food
D. a dead dog