| E Economics 经济学 The study of how society manages its scarce resources Economies of scale 规模经济 The property that long-run average total cost falls as the quantity of output increases Efficiency 效率 The property of a resource allocation of maximizing the total surplus received by all members of society; The property of society getting the most it can from its scarce resources Efficiency wages 效率工资 Above-equilibrium wages paid by firms in order to increase worker productivity Efficient scale 有效规模 The quantity of output that minimizes average total cost Elasticity 弹性 A measure of the responsiveness of quantity demanded or quantity supplied to one of its determinants Equilibrium 均衡 A situation in which supply and demand have been brought into balance Equilibrium price 均衡价格 The price that balances supply and demand Equilibrium quantity 均衡数量 The quantity supplied and the quantity demanded when the price has adjusted to balance supply and demand Equity 平等 The fairness of the distribution of well-being among the various buyers and sellers; The property of distributing economic prosperity fairly among the members of society Excess demand 超额需求 A situation in which quantity demanded is greater than quantity supplied Excess supply 超额供给 A situation in which quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded Excludability 排他性 The property of a good that a person can be prevented from using it Exports 出口 Goods and services that are produced domestically and sold abroad; Goods produced domestically and sold abroad Externality 外部性 The impact of one persons actions on the well-being of a bystander economic rents 经济租金 payments made to a factor that are in excess of what is required to elicit the supply of that factor efficiency wage theory 效率工资理论 the theory that paying higher wages (up to a point) lowers total production costs, for instance by leading to a more productive labor force economies of scope 范围经济 what exists when it is less expensive to produce two products together than it would be to produce each one separately efficient markets theory 有效市场理论 the theory that all available information is reflected in the current price of an asset elasticity of labor supply 劳动供给弹性 the percentage change in labor supplied resulting from a 1% change in wages equity, shares, stock 股票 terms that indicate part ownership of a firm, which the firm sells in order to raise money, or capital equity capital 股份资本 capital, such as shares (or stock), supplied to a firm by its owners(shareholders); the returns received by the owners are not guaranteed but depend on how well the firm does exchange efficiency 交换的效率 the condition in which whatever the economy produces is distributed among individuals in an efficient way exchange rate 汇率 the rate at which one currency (such as dollars) can be exchanged for another(such as marks, yen, or pounds) excise tax 货物税 a tax on a particular good or service expected return 预期收益 the average return--a single number that combines the various possible returns per dollar invested with the chances that each of these returns will actually be paid export-led growth 出口导向型增长 the strategy that government should encourage exports in which the country has a comparative advantage to stimulate growth |
MBA专业术语汇总（E）
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