MBA备考商务英语泛读文选全集(11)
网络资源 免费考研网/2009-01-16
ECONOMICS: THE FOUNDATION OF BUSINESS
Understanding economics is essential to understanding
business.7 No single definition of economics satisfies
everyone, but lets look at one concise description:
Economics is the study of how a society (people) chooses to
use scarce resources to produce goods and services and to
distribute them to people for consumption. This definition
raises certain issues that are key to understanding
economics: (1) resources, (2) goods and services, and (3)
allocation of both resources and products. Lets discuss
each of them.
Resources
A nations resources consist of three broad areas: natural,
capital, and labor. Natural resources are provided by
nature in limited amounts; they include crude oil, natural
gas, minerals, timber, and water. Natural resources must be
processed to become a product or to be used to produce
other goods or services.
Part One The Business Enterprise
For example, trees must be processed into lumber before
they can be used to build homes, shopping malls, and
schools,
Capital resources are goods produced for the purpose of
making other types of goods and services. Some capital
resources, called current assets, have a short life and are
used up in the production process. These resources include
fuel, raw materials, paper, and money. Long-lived capital
resources, which can be used repeatedly in the production
process, are called fixed capital. Examples include factory
buildings, compact-disk machines, personal computers, and
railroad cars.
Labor resources represent the human talent of a nation. To
have value in the labor force, individuals must be trained
to perform either skilled or semiskilled work. For example,
the job of physicist requires extensive training, whereas
only minimal training is needed to operate a service
stations gas pumps. This collection of human talent is the
most valuable national resource. Without human resources,
no productive use of either natural or capital resources is
possible.
(未完待续)