转化: 语言学中术语“转换”的通常用法是指一种规则，该规则接受通常称为深层结构(在标准理论中)的输入，并以某种受限的方式改变它以产生表层结构。在TGG，深层结构是由一组短语结构规则生成的。比如TG中一个比较典型的转换就是主辅倒置的操作。这条规则以一个带有助词的陈述句作为输入:“约翰把所有的祖传番茄都吃了。”并将其转换成“约翰吃了所有的祖传番茄吗？”查看答案transformation 【答案】The usual usage of the term “transformation” in linguistics refers to a rule that takes an input typically called the Deep Structure (in the Standard Theory) and changes it in some restricted way to result in a Surface Structure. In TGG, Deep structures were generated by a set of phrase structure rules. For example, a typical transformation in TG is the operation of subject-auxiliary inversion. This rule takes as its input a declarative sentence with an auxiliary: “John has eaten all the heirloom tomatoes.” and transforms it into “Has John eaten all the heirloom tomatoes?”查看答案