(1)在索苏尔的定义中，语言是指语言界中所有成员所共有的抽象语言系统，假释是指语言在实际使用中的实现。\n(2)与索萨尔的区别相似，乔姆斯基对能力的定义是指用户对其语言规则的理想知识，而表现则是指这种知识在语言交流中的实际实现。\n(3)语言和能力的概念都是指人体内语言的抽象和理想的本质，而假释和表现都是指语言的实际使用。与索萨尔一样，乔姆斯基认为，语言学家应该研究的是理想的说话者的能力，而不是他的表现。\r\n\n(1) In Saussure’s definition, langue refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community, and parole refers to the realization of langue in actual use.\n(2) Similar to Saussure’s distinction, Chomsky’s definition about competence is the ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language, and performance is the actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication.\n(3) Both the notion of langue and competence refer to the abstract and ideal nature of language within a human being, and parole and performance point to the actual language use. Similar to Saussure, Chomsky thinks that what linguists should study is the ideal speaker’s competence, not his performance.How is Saussure’s distinction between langue and parole similar to Chomsky’s distinction between competence and performance?