Part One: Early and Medieval English Literature
1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题)
2. Romance (名词解释)
3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’s story
4. Ballad(名词解释)
5. Character of Robin Hood
6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet)转载请注明文章来源:特特外语论坛www.tetewy.com
7. Heroic couplet (名词解释)
Part Two: The English Renaissance
8. The Authorized Version of English Bible and its significance(填空选择)
9. Renaissance(名词解释)
10.Thomas More——Utopia
11. Sonnet(名词解释)
12. Blank verse(名词解释)
13. Edmund Spenser
“The Faerie Queene”; Amoretti (collection of his sonnets)
Spenserian Stanza(名词解释)
14. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies”(推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读)
15. Christopher Marlowe (“Doctor Faustus” and his achievements)
16. William Shakespeare可以说是英国文学史中最重要的作家,一定要看熟了。四大喜剧,四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的喜剧作品是Hamlet这是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要,最重要属sonnet18。(其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读)
17. Ben Jonson个别戏剧的名字要能和人对上号,如Every Man in His Humor, 二外好像在这里出过一道匹配题,但是不用看太具体。
Part Three: The Period of the English Bourgeois Revolution
18. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是Paradise Lost和Samson Agonistes。对于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse写成的,故事情节来自Old Testament,具体情节在课本124页,另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。对于Samson Agonistes要知道它是poetical drama,知道故事大概情节及其来源。另外129页到130页brief summary中5条要看。
19. John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’s Progress
20. Founder of the Metaphysical school——John Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images
21. Andrew Marvell 此人不重要,但他有一首名诗To His Coy Mistress
22. John Dryden——“All for Love”(a tragedy); “An Essay of Dramatic Poesy”(Literary criticism); forerunner of the Classicism in Britain
Part Four: The Eighteen Century
23. Enlightenment(名词解释)
24. Classicism(名词解释)
25. Richard Steele——“The Tatler”
26. Joseph Addison——“The Spectator”这个比上面那个要重要,注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样,它虚构了一系列的人物,以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文,这一部分要仔细读。
27. Steel’s and Addison’s styles and their contributions
28. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”; his workmanship (features) and limitations
29. Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’s Travels”此书非常重要,要知道具体内容,就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称,和每个部分具体的讽刺对象; “The Drapier’s Letters” and “A Modest Proposal”, 后一篇比较重要,要注意后一篇作者用的irony也就是反讽手法。
30. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature.转载请注明文章来源:特特外语论坛www.tetewy.com
31. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 当然是Robinson Crusoe比较重要,剧情要清楚,179页这一节最后一段,有Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形,以及殖民主义的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature,另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。
32. Samuel Richardson——“Pamela” (first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison”
33. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一个和第三个比较重要,需要仔细看。他是一个比较重要的作家,200页founder of the English Realistic novel部分要看,201页第3点features也要看,另外Fielding也被称为father of the English novel.
34. Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy”
35. Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal”
36. Samuel Johnson——“Dictionary”, “Letter to Lord Chesterfield” (the writers’ declaration of independence)
37. Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted Village” (poem) (both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel), “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy), “She stoops to Conquer” (comedy), “The Citizen of the World” (collection of essays)
38. Edward Gibbon——“The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire”
40. Sentimentalism(名词解释)
41. Thomas Gray——“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”(英国诗歌里非常著名的一首,曾经被誉为“有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首”)(a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets墓园派诗人)
* Graveyard School / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth-century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom. The vogue resulted in one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Gray’s “Elegy written in a country churchyard”. The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some American poets.
42. In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre-Romanticism; representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.
43. Thomas Percy——“Reliques of Ancient English poetry”许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期重新收集和整理起来的,这个集子是那个时代比较有名的一个民谣集。
44. William Blake比较重要,需要对主要作品有所了解,特别是Songs of Innocence 和 Songs of Experience, 这两本集子的contrast一定要注意,另外Blake的写作特点也要注意,比如语言的简单明了,神秘主义氛围等。
45. Robert Burns伟大的苏格兰民族诗人, A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne等名诗,写作特点: Scottish dialect; a poet of peasant and Scottish people; plain language; influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads; musical quality of his poems.
Part Eight: Twentieth Century English Literature
68. John Galsworthy: 主要作品 “The Forsyte Saga”注意这是两个trilogy构成的,可不是一本小说,其中比较重要的是 “The Man of Property”就是书上介绍的那一部,要知道此部小说主人公的名字,以及这个主人公的性格,和小说主题。书上介绍这个作家的部分的最后一段算是这个作家的写作特点。这位作家在20世纪声名是逐渐下降的,但是还是有些学校会考到他。
69. The Irish Dramatic Movement(名词解释)
Irish Renaissance(名词解释)
70. George Bernard Shaw主要作品Mrs Warren’s Profession和Major Babara,如果看的是其它版本的英国文学史,可能会选其它的作品,对他作品的主要人物,情节,主题和意义要了解,他是比较重要的一个作家。
71. William Butler Yeats几首有名的诗歌如 “Sailing to Byzantium” , “The Second Coming”, “The Wild Swan at Coole”要知道,另外他诗歌的特点如symbolism, mysticism, modernists’ influence等等。
72. T. S. Eliot比较重要,特别是他的The Waste Land要知道包括哪几个部分,大概是什么情节,有什么象征意义,主题是什么,有什么写作特点。另外他的其它作品也有某些学校考到过,也要知道,比如他的诗剧Murder in the Cathedral等等,要知道大概的情节。另外他著名的文章Tradition and the Individual Talent被认为是manifesto of modernist poetry.
73. Modernist fiction put emphasis on the description of the characters’ psychological activities under the influence of Austrian doctor Sigmund Freud’s theories.
74. D. H. Lawrence重点作品Sons and Lovers这个作品明显受到弗洛伊德影响,特别是其中体现的Oedipus complex,对其人物,主题要有了解;The Rainbow及其续篇Women in Love要有简单了解,特别是对其主题。Lady Chatterley’s Lover简单了解即可。492页第三段对Lawrence的思想做了个简单总结,这一段中指出的劳伦斯的思想特点以及局限性要了解。