4. The passage suggests which of the following about the workers who took temporary jobs during the 1980's?

　　(A) Their jobs frequently led to permanent positions within firms.

　　(B) They constituted a less demographically diverse group than has been suggested.

　　(C) They were occasionally involved in actions organized by labor unions.
　(D) Their pay declined during the decade in comparison with the pay of permanent employees.

　　(E) They did not necessarily prefer temporary employment to permanent employment.

　　5. The first sentence in the passage suggests that the observers mentioned in line 1 would be most likely to predict which of the following?

　　(A) That the number of new temporary positions would decline as fewer workers who preferred temporary employment entered the workforce.

　　(B) That the total number of temporary positions would increase as fewer workers were able to find permanent positions

　　(C) That employers would have less control over the terms of workers' employment as workers increased their bargaining strength.

　　(D) That more workers would be hired for temporary positions as product demand increased.

　　(E) That the number of workers taking temporary positions would increase as more workers in any given demographic group entered the workforce.

　　6. In the context of the passage, the word "excessive" (line 21) most closely corresponds to which of the following phrases?

　　(A) Far more than can be justified by worker preferences

　　(B) Far more than can be explained by fluctuations in product demand.

　　(C) Far more than can be beneficial to the success of the firms themselves.

　　(D) Far more than can be accounted for by an expanding national economy.

　　(E) Far more than can be attributed to increases in the total number of people in the workforce.

　　7. The passage mentions each of the following as an appropriate kind of governmental action EXCEPT

　　(A) getting firms to offer temporary employment primarily to a certain group of people.

　　(B) encouraging equitable pay for temporary and permanent employees
   　(C) facilitating the organization of temporary workers by labor unions.

　　(D) establishing guidelines on the proportion of temporary workers that firms should employ

　　(E) ensuring that temporary workers obtain benefits from their employers.