公共英语等级考试PETS二级语法资料汇总(三)代词

(三)代词

1．代词分类表：英语中代词有九类，用来指代名词或上、下文中的词，词组或句子。

序号	数人种称类		单数					复数
			一	二	三			一	二	三
1	人称代词	主格	I	you	he	she	it	we	you	they
		宾格	me	you	him	her	it	us	you	them
2	物主代词	形容词性	my	your	his	her	its	our	your	their
		名词性	mine	yours	his	hers	its	ours	yours	theirs
3	反身代词		myself	yourself	himself	herself	itself	ourselves	yourselves	themselves
4	指示代词		this that					these those
5	不定代词	指代人	somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one, everybody, everyone
		事物	something, anything, nothing, everything
		指代人或物事	one, another, each, every, much, either, neither, little, a little					ones, others, the others, both,few, a few, many, several
			some, any, no, all, other, the other, none, a lot(of), such
6	相互代词		each other, one another, each other’s,one another’s
7	疑问代词		who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ever), which(ever), what(ever)
8	连接代词		who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ever), which(ever), what(ever)
9	关系代词		who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2．人称代词用法表：

序号	作用	用法说明	例句
1	作主语	用主格	Does he enjoy listening to music?
2	作表语	指主语用主格	Was it she who saw the white cat?
2	作表语	指宾语用宾格	I believe the writer to be him.
3	作宾语	用宾格	These books belong to them.

注意：

（1）代词并列时，排列顺序为“二，三，一”人称，如：“you,he and I”；“him and me”。

（2）人称代词常在名词后，但“you”在名词前，如：“you, Tom and I”。

（3）其他种类代词在“人称代词”后，如：“he and some others”。

（4）口语中，宾格作表语，如：“It’s me.”。

3．物主代词：

注意：名词性物主代词可用于双重所有格中：

She is a friend of mine.

4.反身代词：

序号		在句中充当的成分	例句
1	宾语	位于动词后	She could dress herself when she was six.
		位于介词后	Take care of yourselves.
		“宾语+and”后	She invited Mike and myself to the party.
2	表语		He doesn’t seem himself today.
3	同位语	主语同位语	He himself had to do it/He had to do it himself.
3	同位语	宾语同位语	You can ask the president himself.
4	并列主语	and之后	(Both)Mary and myself will go.
		or之后	(Either)Mary or yourself will go.
		nor之后	(Neither)Mike nor yourself have anything to do with it.

注意：

（1）反身代词不单独作主语。

（2）oneself也是一个反身代词，用法与上面相同。One should not live for oneself alone.