口译笔译语法综合辅导:情态动词指导(4)

网络资源 Freekaoyan.com/2008-04-11

  (2)May I / we …?这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, please.或Certainly;否定回答为Please don't.或No, you mustn't. 例如:

  “May we leave now?” “No, you mustn't. You haven't finished your home work yet.”

  4. can 和 be able to

  can 与 be able to 都可以表示能力,但两者在用法上有点差异:can (could)表示主观能力,不表示意愿,它的将来时用will be able to; be able to表示主观意愿,强调要克服困难去做某事。例如:

  1)My grandma is over seventy, but she can still read without glasses.

  2)He is able to give up his bad habits.

  5. must 和 have to

  must 和 have to 都可以表示“必须”,但有几点区别:

  (1)must 强调“内在的职责”、“义务”,而have to 强调“外界压力”、“不得已而为之”。

  (2)have to可用于多种时态,而must一般用于现在时,其过去时与将来时分别由had to与shall / will have to代替。

  (3)在回答must引起的问题时,如果是否定的答复,不能用mustn't,而要用needn't或don't have to,因为mustn't是“一定不要”、“一定不能”的意思。例如:

  1)You must come to the classroom before eight.

  2)It is raining hard outside, but I have to leave now.

  3)“Must we do it now?” “No, you needn't.”

  6. used to +v, be used to +v-ing和be used to +v

  (1)used to +v意为“过去常常”,“过去一直”;be used to +v-ing / n(名词)意为“习惯于”;be used to +v意为“被用来(做某事)”。

  (2)used to只表示过去,而be used to +v-ing / n可表示现在、过去或将来。例如:

  1)He used to smoke. Now he doesn't.

  2)He's quite used to hard work / working hard.

  3)The knife is used to cut bread.


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