政治(zhènɡzhì)

主要有两种用法：其一，指治理国家所施行的一切措施。“政”指统治者规定的法令、制度、秩序;“治”指对百 姓的管理、治理，是“政”的具体实施。其二，指国家治理达到稳定良好的状态，即政治清明、经济繁荣、天下太平。近代以降，“政治”转指政府、政党、社会团 体或个人在国内、国际事务中采取的政策、措施和行为等。

Decree and Governance / Politics

The term has two meanings. First, it refers to all measures for governing a country. Zheng (政) stands for decrees, rules, and ordinances, and zhi (治) refers to their implementation, that is, the way in which the people are governed. Second, it refers to a state of stable and sound governance of the country, with an efficient and clean government, a prosperous economy, and a peaceful society. In modern times, the term is used in the sense of “politics,” as it refers to policies, measures, and actions that governments, political parties, social groups, or individuals adopt in domestic or international affairs.

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【引例】

Examples

道洽政治，泽润生民。(《尚书•毕命》)

Shaping people’s mind through popularizing education and exercising good governance will benefit the people. (The Book of History)

政以治民，刑以正邪。(《左传•隐公十一年》)

Decrees are adopted to maintain public order, while punishments are meted out to eliminate evil. (Zuo’s Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annals)