?IMF：国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)

ASEAN：东盟(Association of South East Asian Nations)

NMD：国家导弹防御系统(National Missile Defense)

COO：首席运营官(Chief operating officer)

GNP：国民生产总值(Gross National Product) ?
DNS：域名系统(Domain Name System)

BBS：电子布告栏系统(Bulletin Board System)

OTC：非处方药(over the counter)

IOC：国际奥委会(International Olympic Committee)

video on demand:?视频点播

telegraphic transfer:?电汇

marginal revenue:?边际收入，边际收益

corporate image:?企业形象；公司形象

customs declaration:?报关单

Organization of American States:?美洲国家组织

局域网:?LAN; Local Area Network

和谐共赢:?all-win harmony；harmony and all winners

三下乡：Bring scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to rural areas；go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to farmers

五个一工程：Five-One Project (a good book, a good TV series, a good play, a good film, a good article)

到…挂职:?to take up provisional post in;?take a temporary post in

主任科员：Principal Staff Member

解决民生问题：to improve people’s well-being

自主创新：independent innovation; indigenous innovation

基层民主：democracy at the grassroots level

全方面外交：multi-faceted diplomacy

沿江沿海:?along the coast and the (Yangtze) River

生态文明：ecological civilization

主体功能区：development priority zones; main functional area

现场服务：field service

依法行政：administration according to law

1，I have known very few writers, but those I have known, and whom I respected, confess at once that they have little idea where they are going when they first set pen to paper. They have a character, perhaps two; they are in that condition of eager discomfort which passes for inspiration; all admit radical changes of destination once the joumey has begun; one, to my certain knowledge, spent nine months on a novel about Kashmir, then reset the whole thing in the Scottish Highlands. I never heard of anyone making a “skeleton”, as we were taught at school. In the breaking and remaking, in the timing, interweaving, beginning afresh, the writer comes to discern things in his material which were not consciously in his mind when he began.

This organic process, often leading to moments of extraordinary self-discovery, is of an indescribable fascination. A blurred image appears, he adds a brushstroke and another, and it is gone; but something was there, and he will not rest till he has captured it. Sometimes the’yeast within a writer outlives a book he has written. I have heard of writers who read nothing but their own books, like adolescents they stand before the mirror, and still cannot fathom the exact outline of the vision before them. For the same reason, writers talk interminably about their own books, winkling out hidden meanings, superimposing new ones, begging response from those around them.

Of course a writer doing this is misunderstood: he might as well try to explain a crime or a love affair. He is also. Incidentally, an unforgivable bore. This temptation to cover the distance between himself and the reader, to study his image in the sight of those who do not know him, can be his undoing: he has begun to write to please.

A young English writer made the pertinent observation a year or two back that the talent goes into the first draft, and the art into the drafts that follow. For this reason also the writer, like any other artist, has no resting place, no crowd or movement in which he may take comfort, no judgment from outside which can replace the judgment from within. A writer makes order out of the anarchy of his heart; he submits himself to a more ruthless discipline than any critic dreamed of, and when he flirts with fame, he is taking time off from living with himself, from the search for what his world contains at its inmost point.

参考译文：我所认识的作家寥寥无几，然而凡是我所认识和尊敬的作家，都立即承认在他们动笔时，不清楚要写什么，怎么写。他们心中有一个或两个角色。他们处于急切不安的状态，而这被当作是灵感。他们无不承认，一旦“旅程”开始，“目的地”常有急剧的变化。据我所知，有位作家花了9个月的时间写了一部有关克什米尔的小说，后来却把整个故事背景换成了苏格兰高地。我从未听说过任何一位作家像我们在学校学的那样，动笔前先列什么提纲。作家在剪裁修改、构思时间、穿插情节、以至从头重写的过程中，会领悟到素材中有很多东西是他刚动笔时所未意识到的。这种有机的加工过程往往达到不寻常自我发现的境界，具有难以言表的构思魅力。一个朦胧的形象出现在作家的脑海里，他左添一笔，右添一笔，形象反而消逝了；可是，好像还有什么东西存在着，不把它捕捉到，作家是不会罢休的。有时，一个作家一本书写完了，但兴奋仍不消散。我听说一些作家，除了自己的书外，别的书一概不读，犹如希腊神话中那位漂亮少年，站在镜前，不能辨认出自身的真面目。由于这个原因，作家喋喋不休地谈论自己的书，挖掘其隐晦的含义，增添新的含义，询问周围人的反应。作家如此行事当然会被人误解。他还不如给人讲一个犯罪案件或一个恋爱故事。顺便说一句，他也是个不可饶恕的令人厌烦的人。

这种企图消除自己和读者之间距离的作法，企图用不了解自己的人的观点来研究自己塑造的形象的作法，会导致作家的毁灭，因为他已经开始为取悦他人而写作了。

一两年前，一位年轻的英国作家发表了中肯的看法。他说，初稿是才华，以后各稿是艺术。也是由于这个原因，作家同任何艺术家一样，找不到可休息的场所，找不到伙伴和活动使自己得到安逸。任何局外人的判断也比不上他自己内心的正确判断。一旦作家从内心的紊乱中理出头绪，就应按任何评论家想像不到的无情规范约束自己去写作；当他沽名钓誉时，他就脱离了自我生活，脱离了对自己灵魂最深处世界的探索。

2，希腊破产；主权信用评级为垃圾级的葡萄牙在恳求安哥拉投资；失业率高企的西班牙的利率在过去的这个月里已经翻倍；投资者对正在复苏的爱尔兰的债券持高度警惕的态度。增长停滞的意大利正在负隅顽抗，尽管新上任的技术型总理蒙蒂（Mario Monti）有着明星般的声誉，但意大利仍面临着不可持续的高利率；而对于在欧盟的成员国比利时来说，负债已经与GDP相当，债务信用评级已被下调，原因之一就新政府迟迟未能成立。消费者信心正在下降的法国很可能是下一个。德国的部分国债还没卖出去，并且国债的价格也在下滑。任何欧元区国家以及欧元区公司都无法逃脱欧元区这座建筑的结构性缺陷所带来的影响。

欧元区以外的国家也未能幸免。英国赤字高涨，债台高筑，减赤方案有可能不起作用。英国之所以还维持着AAA的评级，是因为该国拥有自己的货币，并且评级机构在决定是否降级时越来越多地考虑到国家的管理能力。英国被认为管理能力较强，但等周三公务员大罢工令全国陷入瘫痪后，情况可能就不一样了。(原文地址：cn.wsj.com/gb/20111201/beu075139.asp 翻译硕士真题网注）

参考译文：Bankrupt Greece; junk-rated Portugal pleading with Angola for inbound investment; jobless Spain, facing some interest rates that have doubled in the past month; and recovering Ireland have already fallen to the bond vigilantes. Growth-free Italy is fighting a rearguard action, facing unsustainable interest rates despite the stellar reputation of its newly appointed technocrat prime minister, Mario Monti; Belgian debt, now equal to its GDP, has been downgraded, in part because of the inability of this seat of the EU to form a new government. France, consumer confidence dropping, is likely next. Some German IOUs were unsold, and prices of bunds are slipping. No euro-zone country and no euro-zone company can any longer escape the consequences of the structural flaw in the euro-zone architecture.

Nor can countries outside the euro zone. Great Britain, with high deficits, mounting debt, and a deficit-reduction plan that just might not work, retains its triple-A rating because it has its own currency and the rating companies increasingly consider governance when deciding whether to downgrade. Britain is considered governable, but that might change after Wednesday’s strike of public-service workers shuts down the country.

附南师大2011-2013真题下载：百度云

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