1.API：空气污染指数(Air pollution Index）；应用程序编程接口(Application Programming Interface)

2.CBD：中央商务区(Central Business District)；交货前付款?(cash before delivery)

3.FOB：离岸价(free on board)；离岸价格?

4.BBS：电子公告牌(Bulletin Board System)；电子布告栏系统

5.OTC：非处方药(over-the-counter drug )

6.EEC：欧洲经济共同体(European Economic Community)

7.MIT：麻省理工学院(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

9.community-level democracy：基层民主

10.pairing-assiatance:?对口支援

11.without imposing a single solution:?不搞一刀切

12.consume to take up provisional post in:?到……挂职

13.advantages of a late comer:?后发优势

14.greenery coverage:?绿化覆盖率

15.designated driver:?代驾司机；指定驾车者(参加社会集会的伙伴中, 为安全驾车送其他人回家而自愿戒酒者)

16.蜗居：Dwelling Narrowness

17.团购优惠券:?group coupon

18.忧患意识:?awareness of unexpected development

19.地沟油：illegally recycled waste cooking oil ; recycled cooking oil; Gutter oil

20小产权房： houses with limited property rights

21.农家乐：agritainment

22.盲目投资：blindness in investment; haphazard investment; blind investment

23.工伤保险：work-related injury insurance;?employment injury insurance

24.公务用车:?government car;?Official cars

25.生态移民:?ecology migration; eco-migration

26.地王：whopping-price land；a land parcel auctioned at a record price；top bidder（When a developer wins a bid for land at an outrageously high price, the land is nicknamed as 地王, which literally means land king.）

27.信访办:?Complaints Office; Complaint letter and request handling office

28.解决民生问题：to improve people’s well-being

29.事业编制： staffing of government affiliated institutions

30.加强党性修养：cultivate the Party spirit

No Englishman believes in working from book learning. He suspects all theories, philosophical or other. He suspects everything new, and dislikes it, unless he can be compelled by the force of circumstances to see that this new thing has advantages over the old. Race-experience is what he invariably depends upon, whenever he can, whether in India, in Egypt, or in Australia. His statesmen do not consult historical precedents in order to decide what to do: they first learn the facts as they are; then they depend upon their own common sense, not at all upon their 1 university learning or upon philosophical theories. And in the case of the English nation, it must be acknowledged that this instinctive method has been eminently successful.

The last people from whom praise can be expected, even for what is worthy of all praise, are the English. A new friendship, a new ideal, a reform, a noble action, a wonderful poem, an exquisite painting — any of these things will be admired and praised by every other people in Europe long before you can get Englishmen to praise. The Englishman all this time is studying, considering, trying to find fault. Why should he try to find fault? So that he will not make any mistakes at a later day. He has inherited the terrible caution of his ancestors in regard to mistakes. It must be granted that his caution has saved him from a number of very serious mistakes that other nations have made. It must also be acknowledged that he exercises a fair amount of moderation in the opposite direction — his modern Englishman; he has learned caution of another kind, which his ancestors taught him. “Power should be used with moderation; for whoever finds himself among valiant men will discover that no man is peerless.” And this is a very important thing for the strong man to know — that however strong, he cannot be the strongest; his match will be found when occasion demands it. Not only Scandinavian but English rulers have often discovered this fact to their cost.

参考译文：英国人谁都不相信照搬书本会办好事情。他们怀疑一切理论，不管是哲学理论还是其他高论一概不予相信。他们总是对一切新鲜事物持怀疑态度，并深恶痛绝，除非迫于形势，他们才认识到新的事物确有优点胜过旧的。不管是身在印度、埃及或澳大利亚，只要可能，他们总是始终不渝地依靠他们自己的民族经验。为了作出决策，英国的政治家们并不参阅历史的先例，而是首先如实地弄清事实的真相；然后凭籍自己的常识，丝毫不依赖大学的知识或哲学高论。就英国民族而论，必须承认这种本能的处世方法一向是极为成功的。

即令是值得举世赞扬的事迹，也难望博得英国人的赏识。新的友谊，新的理想、改革，高尚的行为，令人叫绝的诗人，精美的绘画——不论哪一种，欧洲其他民族交口称赞很久之后，才能获得英国人的垂青。因为英国人一直在研究，深思熟虑，不遗余力地挑剔备至。为什么要吹毛求疵呢？其目的就在于日后不会犯其他民族所犯的史不绝书的严重失误。还得承认，另一方面，现代的英国人运用适度的节制；他已学会另一种谨慎的态度，这是祖先传授给他的。“力量应该有节制地使用，国为不论谁居于强者之林，都会发觉谁也不是盖世无双的。”不论多么强，都不会是天下无敌的——这是强者应了解的最重要的一点。时机一到，就会碰到对手。不仅斯堪底纳维亚的统治者，而且英国的统治者都是吃尽了苦头，才发觉这个事实的。欧洲所有其他民族对英国人众口一词的评价是：在所有西方民族中，英国人是最多疑，最沉没寡言，最不易接受新思想，最不友好，最冷漠，而又最盛气凌人的民族。只要问一下法国人，意大利人，德国人，西班牙人，甚至是美国人，对英国人的看法，他们那答复都是那同样的评价。这恰恰是数千年来长期生活在北方社会情况下所形成的性格。但在另一方面你会发现几乎所有的民族无不高度赞美英国人在某些其他方面的品质——精力充沛，勇敢，讲求荣誉，和公正（在英国人自己之间的）。人们会说，虽然没有人象英国人那样难以结交。可是一旦获得英国人的友谊，就比任何人的友谊更为牢靠，更为真挚。既然生存之战仍在继续，而且必定要持续数千年之久，我们得承认英国人的性格特别适合与生存斗争。沉默寡言，慎重，宁存疑不轻信，粗犷——这些从古至今一向是生存斗争之战最好的武器。这不是令人喜爱的性格，也不是友好的性格，连亲切二字都谈不上。最典型的英国人愿意公道，而不愿仁慈，因为仁慈只不过是感情的冲动而已。而英国人总是事事都提防感情用事。然而综观全局，英国人这种性格是一种崇高的性格。它的成功是检验其价值的最佳证明。

消费行为和生活方式看似小事，实则是全社会的大问题，每时每刻都会对资源环境产生直接影响，同时也会间接 影响生产方式。我们每个人都要从自己做起，从一点一滴做起。一是树立健康的消费理念。持续开展资源短缺、环境 脆弱的国情宣传和深度教育，强化全体国民的环保理念和生态意识，引导人们自觉节约每一滴水、每一度电、每一张 纸、 每一粒粮， 在全社会形成节约光荣、 浪费可耻的新风尚， 使节约资源和保护环境成为 13 亿中国人的主流价值观。 二是形成合理的消费行为。倡导绿色消费、集约消费，引导人们理性消费、科学消费，形成节俭办事、减少污染、有 益健康的生活方式。加强城乡公共服务能力建设，运用价格手段调节引导居民绿色居住和出行，扩大节能、低碳、环 保的绿色产品消费。执行强制性的节能标准，推进可再生能源、环保材料的广泛应用。加强绿色低碳社区建设，鼓励 个人、家庭和单位遏制浪费现象和不文明行为。三是创造整洁的生活环境。大力扶持绿色交通，推广天然气、沼气、 太阳能、风能等清洁能源，减少机动车尾气、工业排放和建筑扬尘，推行垃圾分类回收和循环利用，改造地下排污管 网，提高危险废弃物集中处理能力，绿化、美化、净化生活环境。特别要加强农村环境治理，实施乡村清洁工程，推 行“户集、村收、镇运、集中处理”的垃圾处理方式，深入实施秸秆禁烧和综合利用，建设“居住集中化、环境生态 化、服务功能化”的农村新社区。（本文选自?马凯副总理:坚定不移推进生态文明建设 双语原文地址?http://dwz.cn/v2GoL 翻译硕士真题网注)

参考译文：Though consumption habits and lifestyles may appear to be trivial, they are in fact significant social issues, not only having a direct impact on resources and the environment at all times, but also having an indirect bearing on modes of production. Therefore, each and every one of us needs to make an effort in this regard, bearing in mind that every little thing counts. First, we need to establish sound consumer attitudes. By carrying out publicity and educational initiatives, we must ensure that China’s resource shortages and fragile environments are known to the people. This will help us to raise public awareness with regard to environmental protection and ecological issues. With that as a basis, we must urge the people to save every drop of water, every unit of electricity, every piece of paper, and every grain of rice. By fostering a social atmosphere in which frugality is applauded and wastefulness is looked down upon, we will strive to make resource conservation and environmental protection a mainstream value for 1.3 billion Chinese people. Second, we need to develop rational consumer habits. Advocating green and resource-conserving modes of consumption, we must urge people to consume in a way that is both rational and scientific, so as to bring about healthy and frugal lifestyles that are conducive to the reduction of pollution. At the same time, we need to improve the capacity of urban and rural areas to provide public services, use price leverage to encourage people to adopt green lifestyles and commuting in an environmentally friendly way, and boost the consumption of energy-conserving, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly products. Moreover, we need to enforce mandatory standards on energy saving, and promote the wide use of renewable energies and environmentally friendly materials. We also need to step up our efforts to develop green and low-carbon communities, and encourage individuals, households, and enterprises to curb waste and uncivilized behavior. Third, we need to create clean living environments. In order to make our living environments greener, cleaner, and more beautiful, we should engage in major efforts to support green transportation; widen the use of clean energy sources such as natural gas, methane, solar energy, and wind power; reduce vehicle exhaust emissions, industrial discharges, and wind-borne dust from construction sites; promote the sorting and recycling of garbage; and strengthen the concentrated disposal of hazardous waste. A particular emphasis should be placed on the rectification of rural environments. We will carry out rural cleanup projects, and adopt a garbage disposal mode in which domestic waste is gathered on a per household basis, collected by village authorities, and transported by town level authorities for concentrated disposal. These efforts will allow us to create new rural communities characterized by centralized residence, sound ecological environments, and function-based public services.

一、解释名词，共 50 分 （此项共四段文字, 共 20 个词）

1. 金砖国家、大宗商品市场、贸易保护、低端制造业、高附加值生产

2. 非洲一体化、非洲联盟、基础设施、肯尼亚、自由贸易区

3. 诺贝尔奖、普利策奖、奥斯卡奖、费吉尼亚·伍尔夫、后现代趋势

4. 蜂窝数据流量、智能手机、社交媒体、Wi-Fi、亚马逊

二、应用文写作（共 40 分）

某国际赛事即将举行，请写一份翻译志愿者申请信，注意标题、结语、落款，说明申请目的及翻译专长，不少于 450 字。

三、写作（共 60 分）

央视动画责任有限公司等十家动画制作机构，央视少儿频道等十大动画播出机构，联合发出倡议，号召全行业承 诺不制作、播出暴力失度语言粗俗的动画片。 《喜羊羊》《熊出没》两部动画片被点名。称由于两片存在暴力失度语 、 言粗俗，正在整改。 请从社会影响角度出发，以“如何规范少儿作品内容”为题，写一篇 800 字左右的作文。

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