1.实物量指标：indicator of physical output

2.社会事业：social undertaking；social programs

3.稳重求进 ：make progress while maintaining stability

4.宏观政策：macropolicy

5.激发市场活力：stimulate the market’s vitality

6.转变政府职能：transforming government function

7.简政放权：streamline administration and delegate power to the lower levels

8.自由贸易实验区： Pilot Free Trade Zone

9.丝绸之路经济带：Silk Road Economic Belt

10.改善民生：improve people’s livelihoods; improve people’s wellbeing

11.森林覆盖率： forest coverage

12.战略性新兴产业：strategic emerging industries

13.第四代移动通讯：4G（The fourth generation of the mobile communication systems）

14.南水北调：South-to-North water diversion

15.创新驱动式发展：?? innovation-driven development

16.social fairness and justice：社会公平正义

17.social aid system： 社会救助制度

18.subsistance allowance for urban and rural residents

19.basic medical insurance：基本医疗保险

20.project to alleviate poverty through education：教育扶贫工程

21.government-subsided housing：保障性安居工程

22.high -quality cultural works：文化精品

23.serious and major work-related accidents：重特大事故

24.sense of vigilance against potential dangers：忧患意识

25.basic public service system：基本公共服务体系

26.international payments：国际收支；国际支付

27.system for evaluating officials’ performance

28.products in short supply：短线产品

29.increase domestic demand：扩大内需

30.a permanent mechanism：常设机制

What I Have Lived For

Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy—ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness—that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what—at last—I have found.

With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.

Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always it brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.
This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.（选自Three passions 三种激情——罗素 mtizt.com注）

三种单纯而极其强烈的激情支配着我的一生，那就是对于爱情的渴望，对于知识的寻求，以及对于人类苦难痛彻肺腑的怜悯。这些激情犹如狂风，把我伸展到绝望边 缘的深深苦海上空东抛西掷，使我的生活没有定向。我追求爱情，首先因为它叫我销魂，爱情令人销魂的魅力使我常常乐意为了几小时这样的快乐而牺牲生活中的其 他一切。我追求爱情，又因为它减轻孤独感——那种一个颤抖的灵魂望着世界边缘之外冰冷而无生命的无底深渊时所感到的可怕的孤独。

我追求爱情，还因为爱的结合使我在一种神秘的缩影中提前看到了圣者和诗人曾经想象过的天堂。这就是我所追求的，尽管人的生活似乎还不配享有它，但它毕竟是我终于找到的东西。

我以同样的热情追求知识。我想理解人类的心灵。我想了解星辰为何灿烂。我还试图弄懂毕达哥拉斯学说的力量，是这种力量使数在无常之上高踞主宰地位。我在这方面略有成就，但不多。

爱情和知识只要存在，总是向上导往天堂。但是怜悯又受饥荒煎熬，无辜者被压迫者折磨，孤弱无助的老人在自己的儿子眼中变成可恶的累赘，以及世上触目皆是孤独、贫困和痛苦——这些都是对人类生活的嘲弄。我渴望能减少罪恶，可我做不到，于是我也感到痛苦。

这就是我的一生。我觉得这一生是值得活的。如果真有可能再给我一次机会，我将欣然再活一次。

白杨树实在是不平凡的，我赞美白杨树！

汽车在望不到边际的高原上奔驰，扑入你的视野的，是黄绿错综的一条大毡子。黄的是土，未开垦的荒地，几十万年前由伟大的自然力堆积成功的黄土高原的外壳；绿的呢，是人类劳力战胜自然的成果，是麦田。和风吹送，翻起了一轮一轮的绿波，——这时你会真心佩服昔人所造的两个字“麦浪”，若不是妙手偶得，便确是经过锤炼的语言精华。黄与绿主宰着，无边无垠，坦荡如砥，这时如果不是宛若并肩的远山的连峰提醒了你（这些山峰凭你的肉眼来判断，就知道是在你脚底下的），你会忘记了汽车是在高原上行驶。这时你涌起来的感想也许是“雄壮”，也许是“伟大”，诸如此类的形容词；然而同时你的眼睛也许觉得有点倦怠，你对当前的“雄壮”或“伟大”闭了眼，而另一种的味儿在你心头潜滋暗长了——“单调”。可不是？单调，有一点儿吧？

然而刹那间，要是你猛抬眼看见了前面远远有一排——不，或者只是三五株，一株，傲然地耸立，像哨兵似的树木的话，那你的恹恹欲睡的情绪又将如何？我那时是惊奇地叫了一声的。(选自茅盾的《白杨礼赞》翻译硕士真题网注）

White poplars are no ordinary trees. I pay tribute to them.

When you travel by car through Northwest China’s boundless plateau, all you see before you is something like a huge yellow-and-green felt blanket. Yellow is the soil—the uncultivated virgin soil. It is the outer covering of the loess plateau accumulated by Mother Nature several hundred thousand years ago. Green are the wheat fields signifying man’s triumph over nature. They become a sea of rolling green waves whenever there is a soft breeze. One is here reminded of Chinese expression mai lang meaning “rippling wheat” and cannot help admiring our forefathers’ ingenuity in coining such a happy phrase. It must have been either the brainwave of a clever scholar, or a linguistic gem sanctioned by long usage. The boundless highland, with dominant yellow and green, is flat like a whetstone. Were it not for distant mountain peaks standing side by side （which, as your naked eyes tell you, are bellow where you stand）， you would probably forget that you are on the highland.

The sight of the scene will probably call up inside you a string of epithets like “spectacular” or “grand”。 Meanwhile, however, your eyes may become weary of watching the same panorama, so much so that you are oblivious of its being spectacular or grand. And you may feel monotony coming on. Yes, it is somewhat monotonous, isn’t it?

Now what will become of your weariness if you suddenly raise your eyes only to catch sight of distant row of trees （or just a couple of them） standing there proudly like sentries. For my part, I cannot keep from uttering an exclamation of surprise!

湖南大学翻译硕士MTI 真题下载：百度云

真题来源:考研论坛 短语翻译答案由mtizt.com提供