1997年在职研究生作文
Part Щ Writing (30 minutes,15 points)
Directions: In this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a composition of no less than 100 words on The problems I have in my English study. Your composition should be based on the following outline given in Chinese.
Outline: ①遇到哪些困难
②产生原因
③如何克服
The problems I have in my English study
During my study of English , I meet with some problems.(主旨句)These problems are as follows. (过渡句)
First of all, when I read or listen English, I always encounter words and expressions.(解释句一) So vocabulary is a troublesome problem.(要点一) Secondly, with a fairly large vocabulary. I am still not able to write a vivid and fluent composition.(要点二) Thirdly, and also the most annoying thing is after so many years studying, I could not communicate with people in English.(要点三)
There are many reasons for these problems.(段落主题句) For one thing , I have no study plan to enlarge vocabulary and rearrange what have learned before.(要点一) For another, in the process, I have not summarized a complete set of methods which will instruct me in the future study.(要点二) Beyond these obvious reasons, however lies a deeper cause, when I study English , I have not created an environment to practise and use it.(要点三)
For the reasons given above, I feel that in order to overcome them, above all, I should make a study schedule, for example, when I would finish
Concept English, when I would go over the former contents etc.(解释一，对应上段要点一) The schedule keep an English diary more efficient and goal-specified.(作用一) At the same time, I should keep an English diary and try best to find opportunities to practise English.(解释二) The purpose of diary is not only to practise thinking and writing in English ,but also provide us an opportunity to summarize study methods when you are free .(作用二对应要点二和要点三) only in this way could I cultivate the habit of thinking in English and using English.(小结句)
写作解析：第一段：首句直接点题，提出在英语学习过程中遇到一些问题，然后简练过渡，引起下文。本段的写作也可以同第二段结合在一起，如采取这样的句型结构“ I have been studying English for many years, and yet there are three which have always been holding back my progress. One is that ……… another is that …… the third is that ………”这种写法的好处是充分利用英语的现在完成进行时的语法功能，加强语气，然后列举问题，条理清晰，是考生应该思考借鉴的方法。
第二段：呼应提纲第一项要求，仍然以陈述句列举出产生困难的原因。在叙述原因时，有很多成熟和固定的句型、结构可以选择使用。
第三段：本段针对上面产生的原因逐一困难产生的原因，其内容层次有浅入深，由表面原因“学习无计划性”到“不掌握学习方法”直至“忽略了语言学习的规律：具有一个语言学习环境”。写作中，作者也是采用固定句型，整体读来，层次分明、有条不紊。
第四段：以“For the reasons given above, I feel that in order to overcome them。。。。” 轻松过渡到阐述解决方法上来。本段写作要注意对应上文，即上面提出的原因，下面就需要给出办法。
此类文章难度不大，考生只要根据提纲，将问题、原因、解决方法陈述清楚即可。因为属于说明文范畴，大量的因定句型，词组，衔接结构可以选择使用：
解释原因、分析影响的常用句型和例句说明：
1) There are many(different/several/various) reasons for this matter(change/decrease/growth). For one thing ……..For another ………In addition………..Furthermore……………
例句：There are several reasons for his decision of studying of studying law . For one thing, he is very interested in social affairs and it seems the best way to enable him to engage in these activities. For another, his father is a lawyer, who has always encouraged him to do something similar. In addition , he is sure that he can get a job after graduation.
A number of factors contribute to (lead to /result in / account for )……..and what’s more ………
例句：A number of factors contribute to changing moral values-self-indulgence , the lack of social consciousness and the degeneration of the society itself.
3) We may consider (regard/think of /take)the change (phenomenon/ decrease/ development/the suddenly rise)as a sign (symbol/evidence/landmark)of ………but the truth is that …….
例句：We may take the change as a symbol of social development , but the truth is that it will only lead to social corruption.
4) The explanation for the matter(decrease/rise /change/ phenomenon) of …….involves many (different/complicated/puzzling)factors(reasons/aspects)
例句：The explanation for the phenomenon of the rising teenage suicide rate involves many complicated factors. Some attribute the rise to an overemphasis on early success, others point to mounting peer pressure, and still others to confusion over changing social values.
5) The reasons for ……….are many, but for the most part center on (concentrate on /focus on)……..
例句：The reasons for the phenomenon of the rising teenage suicide rate involves many complicated factors. Some attribute the rise to an overemphasis on early success, others point to mounting peer pressure, and still others to confusion over changing social values.
6)There are several causes for this significant growth
in ………, first……….second…………finally…………
7)We have reason to believe that ………….
8)This can be expressed as follows:
9)Perhaps the primary reason for is ………..
10)It is chiefly responsible for
1998年在职研究生英语考题：
partIII Writing(30 minutes, 15points)
Directions: In this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition f no less than 100 words under the title of “Why We Work”. Your composition should be based on the following outline given in English .
Outline:1)Some people live to work
2)Other people work to live
3)Your opinion
Why we work
Throughout history, work and life always appear as contradictory things(主旨句，指出work 和life 存在冲突，且冲突由来已久，伏笔文中会针对两种想法展开叙述)people holding different attitudes sacrifice themselves to one or the other.(过渡句)
Some people live to work.(本段主题句，照应提纲第一条)In their opinions , work is an essential element in life. No matter how hard it is , they devote all energy and time into it . During their working life, they discover pleasure, realize dream and enjoy hardness and success. Even(加强语气)they meet difficulties , they consider them as meaning and flavor in life.
While,(转折) there are also some people who work to live. They are forced by their circumstances or by their view to work for living. They regard work as a kind of means to support family and themselves. Therefore,(段落小结句)these people cannot balance their working time and salary; these people can’t explore their capacity and enthusiasm; even these people can’t explain why they work when they get rich(排比句式加强语气)
From my point of view, I prefer to work to live.(点明自忆的观点)Being an optimistic person, I hope that life is good enough for everyone to find happiness in work . Once you approaches work for enjoyment, you create the possibility of finding hope in life . Serving the others and the society will definitely make you successful both in life and in spirit.
写作解析：
第一段：作者通过自古以来就存在的生活与工作的冲突，点明不同观点的群体将两者对立处理的情况。这种写法的好处是让读者感受到所讨论问题有价值，并不自觉的考虑到自己是怎样处理上述问题的。
第二段和第三段：针对提纲一、二开始叙述不同观点的人处理问题的方法。这两种观点的着眼点都集中在“怎样看待工作”上，即持“live to work”观点的人，将工作看成生活的方式，采取“be forced by”的态度，截然相反的观点对比强烈。第二段中，作者用“During……Even”句型举例：第三段中，作者用“Therefore ……these people can’t ……these people can’t…… even these people can’t”排比举例，都凌漓尽致的将两类观点的特点突出出来。
第四段：作者通过“Being an optimistic person”、“happiness”、 “hope”、“definitely”和“successful”等充满激情、活力的词，明确了为社会、人民付出才能使个人的生活和工作更加和谐、统一的观点。整段写作句型多变，用词恰当，说服力大增。
1999年在职研究生英语试题
Part Ⅲ Writing (30 minutes,15 points)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 120 words on The qualities of the Cross-century Talents. You should write according to the three-point outline given below. Please write it clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.(2)
Outline:
跨世纪人才应具备哪些素质
为什么需要具备这些素质
怎样才能成为跨世纪人才
Qualities of the Cross-Century Talents
With the rapid development of economics and society, and increasing number of people come to realize that the most important factor in competition is the cross-century talents’ qualities.(主旨句，突出问题的重要性)
Since (承接上文) the cross-century talents play such a crucial role in next century, what are the qualities? (引起读者兴趣，同时对应提纲第一条内容) From my point of view, they should be good health, noble character and wide knowledge. (本段主题句，简要说明“是什么”的问题)
Health is the foundation of struggling and success. As the famous proverb goes, “Good health is above wealth ”.(要点一) Second，cultivating and owning good and noble characters is of great importance . Only those with noble character, strong perseverance, a sense of responsibility and regular working and living habits can surely dedicate themselves to the people. （要点二）Third, the cross-century talents should also have profound, most updated knowledge and a open mind. (要点三)
To gain the above qualities(点明第四段主题，即解决问题)， one should always bear in mind that the cross-century talents are the pillars of our nation. They should value their health; they should maintain a broad vision to their duties; they should keep a fresh mind to absorb knowledge. (排比句式加强语气)
写作解析：
第一段：本段作为整篇的主旨突出了跨世纪人才的重要性，其作用是为提纲的三点内容定了个基调。在类似题目的写作中，考生可以充分利用这种方法，即找出问题的关键、重要性、严肃性、影响性、观点差异性等贾亦叙述或评论，篇幅限于一、两句，起到引领全文、画龙点睛之用。
第二段和第三段：解决了提纲第二条的要求，本段是测试考生写作段落的功底，因此写作时要注意变换句式（疑问句、陈述句和倒装句配合），适当举例（As the famous proverb goes……）,结构分明（As the famous proverb goes…… Second ……. Third……）.
第四段：本段采用排比句式强调了怎样才能成为跨世纪人才的问题，四个“should”和三个动词“value, maintain, keep”回应上篇内容，用语经济，结构严谨，值得考生琢磨和模仿。
2000年在职英语试题：
Part Ⅲ Writing (30 minutes, 15 points )
Directions: In this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 100 words on which is more important, wealth or health? You should write according to the three-point outline given below. Please write it clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.(2)
Which is more important, wealth of health ?
When faced with the question of “wealth ” and “health”, (主旨句，引述问题) quite a few people claim that “wealth is more important”, but other people consider it differently. (点明不同观点) I prefer the second view. (表明自己的想法)
Surely, (暗含可能有所转折的意思) wealth has always been the thing people long for.(段落主题句) It is true that wealth brings happiness and freedom, especially in the modern society.(解释句)
Different kinds of products 、recreations and services present people a wonderful world. Owning them make our life more colorful and comfortable.(举例证明) No doubt, wealth becomes the most important thing in some people’s life. (段落小结句)
But I believe that these people ignore a deeper and more basic fact that without health where is wealth.(转折，将问题关键引导到本段叙述的重点上) When wealth is spent, you can earn it back, however, when health is gone, it will never come. (进一步解释上句内容) Health is more precious and valuable than wealth. (段落主题句) Firstly, with a good health, you can fully enjoy life with your family. You won’t worry about diseases and extra burden on more efficient and fruitful. Lastly, with a good health, you will easily have a large circle of friends, because people always trust healthy men. All in all, health brings you happiness, opportunities and satisfaction. (排比句式和固定结构的使用加强文章的说服力)
Therefore, I strongly recommend that people should value their health and take actions to keep fit.
写作解析：
第一段：本段采用简练的句型结构引出问题，点明不同观点，并表明自己的态度。这种写法即经济又明白，有很多成熟句型可以套用。
第二段：在本段写作中，首先提出人们渴望财富，因为财富可以带来快乐和自由，然后进一步解释这种财富和自由是建立在物质基础上的，最后小节财富成为这些人心目中最为重要的东西。写作时可以突出财富带给人们的便利，也可以描述很多人为财富而不惜牺牲健康等等。
第三段：笔锋一转，着力说明健康重于财富之处。
第四段：小结全文给出建议，再次突出保持身体健康的重要性。
2001年在职英语式题：
Part Ⅲ Writing (30 minutes,15 points)
Directions: For this part, you are to write a composition of 120-150 words on the following topic.
The Greatest Invention in the Past Century
In your composition, you should clearly state your opinion and give reasons to support your argument. Write your composition on the ANSWEET SHEET.
The Greatest Invention in the Past Century
Of all the inventions and discoveries in the last century, nothing can be more influencing than the invention of Internet.(主旨句，突出“greatest”的量的优势)People who emphasize either the advantages or disadvantages have to acknowledge that Internet become the essential part of our daily work and lives.(扩展说明，突出“greatest”的质的优势)
Internet is the best information center.(主题句) It is widely agreed that, by using Internet, we can get access to information more easily and quickly. For example, we can read the latest news on Internet instead of buying a large piece of newspaper, we can get the information about the university we intend to know instead going there in person; we can also deal with our stock shares on the Internet instead of sitting there all day long.(举例说明)In short, the convenience provided by the Internet helps us all.(小节)
Internet also serves as a new way of communication. (主题句) It is much cheaper than a telephone call, especially a long distance call; it is much quicker than a letter, it is also much easier than a visit.(排比句式突出说明优越性) It is one of the most convenient and most widely used means of communication. (小节句)
Of course, it also has some detrimental influence.(主题句) For instance, some unhealthful information is spread and is sent to especially the teenagers.(举例说明) However, nothing could be perfect. (转折回转强调) It is firmly and widely believed that Internet will do us more good than harm to us as long as we use it carefully.(总结句)
写作解析：
第一段：本段开篇点题，说明网络在众多发明中起到最有影响力的作用，然后指出尽管人们对网络优缺点有诸多评论但不容争辩的事实是网络已经成为我们工作和生活不可缺少的部分。这种写法直指主旨“greatest”,作者用词考究，从“of all”、“nothing can be more influencing than”、“the essential”无处不体现出网络重要性。
第二段：本段着重说明“网络是信息中心”这个段落主题。从简便易得、经济实用的角度突出网络信息中心的作用。三个排比使得叙述层次分明、内容详尽。考生可以充分体会简单内容如何用排比组合以达到最好的效果。
第三段：通过三个比较，说明网络作为交流方式的优点。同传统的信件交流、电话交流比较，网络更为便宜、快速和容易。
第四段：作者用一句话举例说明了网络存在的缺点，但世界上没有十全十美的事物，笔锋一转，告知读者支要运用得当，就会是网络发挥更大、更好的作用。
整篇文章一气呵成，用笔经济，没有一词一句的繁冗，是我们大家认真研读体会的范文。
2002年在职英语试题
PartⅢ Writing (30 minutes,15 points)
Directions: In this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words on the increase in the Number of Chinese Traveling Abroad. Study the following chart carefully and base your composition on the information given in the chart.
The increase in the Number of Chinese Traveling Abroad
As can be clearly observed from the chart above, (引用图表，有据可依)the trend of Chinese traveling abroad is going up these years. (主旨句，总体叙述变化情况)In the past three years , the number of Chinese traveling abroad was on a steady rise.
According to the chart , (引用图表)the number increased from 7.5 million in 1999 and to 12.1 million in 2001. I think there are at least three reasons to account for the above mentioned changes.(主题句，分析变化原因)First and foremost , the changes are primarily concerned with the income of Chinese . They are better off and can afford to travel abroad. What’s more, they have a lot to do with the development of the travel industry in China. More and more travel agencies are attracting more people to join in their tours aboard. Last but not the least, the changes are closely related to our policy of opening up to the outside world.(列举原因)
From what has been discussed so far, it is obvious that the increase in the number of Chinese traveling abroad is of great concern of our life. (主题句)It reflects the improvement of our living standards and development of our economy.
写作解析：
第一段：引用图表，说明题意。
第二段：分析图表，列举原因。
第三段：点明图表反映出的深层的问题。
图表作文相对来说比较容易，只要把握图表要义，着重分析变化、极值、趋势等，采用固定句型，阐述明白，即可获得比较理想的成绩。强调：
注意引用图表信息，强调图表作文的考察目的。表达时采用 “From………” “According to ……..”
注意量化图表信息：即只要可以通过数字表达的，尽量客观的进行描述。
注意详细说明极植、变化、差异、大幅度度增减处的图表信息，给出充分的理由。
写作图表作文常用的模式：
As is shown in the ……, we can see clearly that …..
The ……of ……..added up to (declined) …………. In 1999, while ………….in
2000. From the ……………., we can also see that ………..It is clear that ……….(or therefore, it can be predicated that ……………is to …………)
There are at least ………….reasons for . Firstly ………..Secondly ………..Apart from the above reasons, …………….
In spite of what is mentioned above, there are ……………shows ……….Hence the situation is …….and ………..is still a challenging task.
2) As is clearly shown by the …………obviously ….
There are ……………..reasons for this ………….One is …………..Another lies in the fact ………What’s more ……….Therefore………….
To …………….., I suggest that ………….
