liable 负责
                   juries 陪审团

【主干识别】or连接两个并列的句子前一句主干为：a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles.后一句为：the thinking has gone has gone so.
【其他成分】第一句：luckily状语；if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster状语；第二句：since the early 1980s, 状语；when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes定语从句修饰the early 1980s.
【微观解析】when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes定语从句中holding所接宾语为一独立主格结构相当于一个名词，其完整形式是：More companies are liable for their customers’ misfoutunes，其中are 变为being ,being再被省去，详细内容可以参看独立主格的讲解。
【难点揭秘】这个句子难点就是so 在句子中的位置发生了改变，到了or 后面，而刚好 or so 是一个熟悉的短语可以修饰1980’s是很有可能误解为：the thinking has gone，这样句子的意思就反生了完全的改变。
【译文赏析】幸运的是，如果门垫或者是火炉没有能警告即将到来的灾难，你可以通过一场成功的法律诉讼来赔偿你的麻烦。从1980年代的早期开始人们的想法就是这样的了，那时候法庭认为商家对消费者的不幸应该负担更多的责任。

59. Amid the recriminations and broken treaties after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project,   wild currency swings between those in the core and those in the periphery would almost certainly bring the single market to a shuddering halt.
【词汇突破】recriminations相互指责，吵架； 反诉； 揭丑；
例句：Their relationship deteriorates into an endless cycle of squabbling , jealousy and recriminations.
他们的关系陷入争吵、嫉妒、指责的恶性循环
                      Treaty 合约和条约；
                      Periphery边缘； 圆周； 外围； 边缘地带
                      Shuddering发抖的，震动的
                      Halt 停止
【主干识别】wild currency swings would bring the single market to a shuddering halt.
【其他成分】Amid the recriminations and broken treaties after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project, 状语between those in the core and those in the periphery定语
【微观解析】介词短语：介词Amid +名词1the recriminations and名词2 broken treaties
介词短语中的定语 after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project,
【难点揭秘】长状语置于句首造成主干识别的困难，主语过长造成了翻译的难点。
【译文赏析】在欧盟最大的经济计划破产后的一片指责和违约之中，货币在欧盟核心国家和边缘国家中肆意动荡，这足以使欧元区的单一市场走向毁灭。
【翻译点拨】将主语wild currency swings between those in the core and those in the periphery翻译为一个句子将名词swings 转译为动词。

60. Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.

【词汇突破】census 人口普查
                   deveolop 出现
【主干识别】the picture is emerging
【其他成分】from the 1980 census状语；of a nation developing more and more regional competition定语修饰picture；as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill状语从句。
【难点揭秘】倒装的识别
【译文赏析】从1980年的人口普查中，出现了这样一个情况，当东北部和中西部地区的人口增长几乎停止的时候，这个国家地区间的竞争就变得的越来越激烈了。

61.With economic growth has come centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households.

【词汇突破】abandoned 抛弃
                    in favor of  赞成，支持
                    extended family 大家庭
【主干识别】centralization has come with economic growth.在写作的时候可以用这个句型：with B has come A（随着B……A……）
【其他成分】:fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households冒号后接定语修饰centralization。
【微观解析】fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities为句子主干，where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households.定语从句修饰cities。
【难点揭秘】对于倒装的识别和系动词完成时态的识别。
【译文赏析】随着经济的增长，出现了集中化：全国1．19亿公民，其中整整76％的人口定居城市：在这里，原来的社区和多代同堂的大家庭已被摒弃，取而代之的是与外界疏于往来的、只由两代人组成的核心家庭。

62.Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being.

【解析】Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats为形容词短语，coincident为形容词，with为介词，concerns为名词，about the accelerating loss of species and habitats为介词短语修饰concerns做定语；在形容词短语结束处紧接系动词的完成式has been，因此可以判定为倒装，而句子主语为：a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity，the number of species in a particular ecosystem为句子中的同位语，to the health of the Earth and human well-being修饰importance，构成一个小结构the importance of A to B（A对于B的重要性）。
整个句子的主干是：coincident with concerns has been a growing appreciation.对这个结构抽象以后可以得到：Concident with A has been B。这个句型的关键是：A和B都是动态名词（对于动态名词的详细讲解请见本章第三节“相关知识点补充”），简单讲动态名词就是由动词变来的名词，如appreciation就是由appreciate变来的名词（appreciation在这里是表示“理解”和“认识”的意思，而不是常见的“欣赏”的意思），concerns本身既是名词又是动词；这个句型翻译的时候可以处理为：“随着A，B……”或者“A……与此同时B……”。而A和B则可以单独译为两个句子。
用这样的结构我们能写出很多漂亮的英语句子：

（1）随着中国经济的发展，中国的教育水平有了极大的提高。
●解析：这个句子中确定出两个动态名词：发展和提高，因此搭建出A和B：
 A:The development of Chinese economy
 B:The great improvement of education in China. 

●译文：Coincident with the development of Chinese economy has been the great improvement of the education in China.
(2)随着网络的兴起，电视开始衰落了。
●解析：这个句子中确定出两个动态名词：兴起和衰落，因此搭建出A和B：
A: the rise of the technology of internet;
B: the decline of the televison;
●译文：Coincident with the rise of the technology of internet has been the decline of the television.
【译文】生物多样性是指在一个特定的生态系统中物种的数量，而人们越来越认识到其对于地球健康和人类幸福的重要性，与此同时，人们也越来越关心物种和其栖息地的加速丢失。
【点拨】在翻译中首先将同位语提前翻译，在面对没有主语的动态名词时可以加出泛指的“人们”。

63.All would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism and evolution debate.

【解析】助动词were被提前置于主语reason前，可以判定为部分倒装；此处倒装的原因是由于虚拟条件句中if被省略而引起的，句子还原就是：If reason were the only judge in the creationism and evolution debate, all would be well .
【译文】如果理性是创造论和进化论的争论中的唯一评判标准的话，那么所有的事情就很好办了。
附加句：For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus  do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster  might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.
【解析】句子也出现了虚拟语气的倒装：had he grown up under more favorable circumstances，完整的表达是if he had grown up under more favorable circumstances.
they是指示代词，指代前文的测试；compensate for：弥补；inequality：不公平，不平等，不相同
tell：说明，表明；underprivilieged：贫困的、物质条件差的
【译文】例如，测试并不能弥补明显的社会不公，因此就不能说明一个物质条件很差的人，如果在更加有利的条件下成长，会有多么能干。

64.Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity the technique and composition consistent with those of America’s first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.

【主干识别】：That was important
【解析】most important 为形容词置于句首后紧接系动词可以判定为倒装；主干的顺序应该是：that was most important.而they had all maintained with a certain fidelity the technique and composition consistent with those of America’s first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.为主语从句，在翻译的时候先翻冗长的主语从句。