Text  1  Word Study

1. subject vt. (to) 使…遭受到、受到，使…服从：1) He subjected us to a very difficult test. (他使我们经历一次非常艰难的考试。) 2) This country was once subjected to foreign rule. (这个国家曾一度遭受外国统治。)  3) He was subjected to severe criticism. (他遭到严厉批评。)  4) Scientists subject spacemen to all kinds of tests before they send them up in rockets. (科学家用火箭把宇航员送上太空以前让他们经受各种考验。)

subject adj. (to) 受…约束；容易受到：1)We are subject to the laws of the country. (我们受国家法律的约束。)  2) The employees are subject to the rules and regulations of the company. (雇员们都受到公司的规章制度的约束。)  3) He is subject to headaches. (他经常头痛。)  4）The arrangements are subject to change. (这些安排常常要变。)

subject n. 题目，话题；主题，题材；科目，学科；目标：1) He proposed a subject for the debate. (他为辩论出了一个题目。)  2) There are so many subjects I’d like to talk to you about. (有那么多话题我想和你们谈。)  3) What is the subject of the poem? （这首诗的主题是什么?） 4）subject matter 主题。 5) In a primary school the main subjects are reading, writing and arithmetic. (小学的主要课程是阅读、写作和算术。)  6) He was the subject of much criticism. (他是许多批评的目标。)  7) They used mice as subjects in the experiments. (他们用老鼠作为实验对象。)

同根词：subjection n. 征服，控制：1) The subjection of the rebels took a long time. (征服这些造反派花了很长时间。) 2) The children lived in complete subjection while their father was alive. (孩子们在父亲活着时生活在严格的控制中。)

subjective adj. 主观的：1） He was an objective rather than a subjective writer. (他是一位客观的而不是主观的作家。) 2) Grading of oral tests is quite subjective. (口语考试的打分是相当主观的。)

2. prospect n. 前景，即将发生的情况；成功的希望；景色；潜在的主顾(=a possible customer)：1) This was the prospect our prisoner had to look forward to. (这是我们的囚徒所不得不盼望的前景。)  2）The house has a southern prospect. (这幢房子是朝南的。)  3) We have good prospects. (我们有美好的前程。)  4) The prospect is cheerful. (前途乐观。)  5) I see no prospect of his recovery. (我看不出他有痊愈的希望。)  5) The hill commands a fine prospect. (这座山可以眺望美景。)  6) The salesman worked hard at finding some new prospects. (推销员努力工作以便找到一些新的可能的顾客。) 

用于成语：in prospect 可以指望，即将出现：1) I have a much better job in prospect. (我可以指望有一份好得多的工作。)  2) Some relief to the taxpayers is in prospect. (即将对纳税人减税。)  3) It is foolish to give up a good post when you have nothing else in prospect. (你还没有可以指望的工作时放弃一个好岗位是十分愚蠢的。)

同根词：prospective adj. 未来的，可能的：1) Your prospective employer is the person who will, later on, be your employer.   2) Is she a prospective customer?

III. Writing (图表提纲式作文)

Directions: Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay of 160--200 words within 30--35 minutes. Your essay must meet the requirements below.

1. Write out the message conveyed by the graphs. 
2. Make an analysis of the strange phenomenon. 
3. Give your comment on it.

    正如上面两张曲线图所示，从1990年到1995年蛋类的平均价格不断上升，并且其需求量也相应增加。曲线图还表明，从1995年到2000年期间蛋类价格下降，而且需求量也下降。这种现象是很奇怪的并值得研究。根据市场经济法则，需求量增加会引起价格上涨。也就是说，当价格上升时，需求就下降，而当价格回落时，需求就增加。但是现在的现实恰好相反。

    产生这种奇怪现象的原因是很明显的。从1990年到1995年期间随着我国社会主义市场经济的发展，人民的收入，其中包括工资、奖金和各种补贴迅速增加。虽然蛋类价格逐渐上升，但蛋类的需求量也急趋增加。另一方面，当蛋类的需求达到某一点时，需求量就停止上升，因为人们开始把越来越多的钱花在衣着、娱乐和国内外的旅游上。普遍认为，从1995年到2000年旅游开支占我国人民总消费量的很大一部分。因此，同期蛋类需求量的下降也似乎是合理的。

   就我预测，由于家畜养殖业的不断发展，蛋类价格很可能下降，因为对蛋类的需求有限，消费量的下降也是必然的。

    As is shown by the two graphs above, the average price of eggs was on the rise from 1990 to 1995 and the demand for them increased correspondingly. The graphs also indicate that during the period from 1995 to 2000 the price of eggs declined, and so did the demand. The phenomenon is quite strange and worth studying.

    According to the law of market economy, the increase in demand results in higher prices. That is to say, when prices climb, the demand decreases, and when prices fall, the demand grows. Now the reality was just the other way round.

    The reasons for this strange phenomenon are obvious. With the development of our socialist market economy, people’s incomes, including pay, bonus and different kinds of allowances, increased rapidly during the period from 1990 to 1995. Though the price of eggs rose gradually, the demand for them grew sharply, too. On the other hand, when the demand for eggs reached a certain amount, it stopped rising because people began to spend more and more money on clothing, recreations and tours round the country and even round the world. It is generally assumed that the expenses for tours accounted for a great part of the total consumption of the people in our country from 1995 to 2000. As a result, it seemed reasonable that the demand for eggs declined during the same period of time.

    As far as I can predict, with the domestic poultry farming continuing to develop, the price of eggs is likely to decline because the demand for them is limited and the fall in their consumption is also inevitable.(270 words)

背记重点词语汉英对照：1. 在上升：be on the rise。在增加/减少：be on the increase/decline。 2. 值得讨论/买：be worth discussing/buying。 3. 正好相反：be just the other way round。 4. 占70%：account for (=makeup) 70%。 5. 因此：as a result。 6. n. 对…的需求：the demand for …。vt. 对我们的要太多：demand too much of us。 7. 必然的后果：inevitable consequences。

Put the following sentences from Chinese into English:

1. 正如上面两张图所示，温室花朵经不起暴风雨的考验。
2. 对食品的需求量停止上升，因为人们开始把越来越多的钱花在旅游上。
3. 人们普遍觉得，食品的开支占农村人民总消费量的很大一部分。
4. 对衣着的需求是有限的，因此其消费量的下降也是必然的。