［解析］ 这是简单句，破折号后的两个短语是对driven by…的进一步注解，只是后一短语带有一定语从句。要说明的是：1)The two earlier revolutions指“农业革命和工业革命”，这里之所以用括号注释的办法表达，是因为后面有the first,the second与the two相呼应。2)farming这里译作“农事”，因为它包括种植、畜牧、养殖等。3)which引入之非限制性定语从句，修饰steam engine,分译时，勿忘在其前重复先行词，或加上指代其先行词的词语，如“它”，“这种机器”等。
50. ［答案］ 评价环境革命的标准就是看它能否使世界经济转变到在环境上可持续发展的道路上，亦即使经济有更大保障、使生活方式更加健康、使全球人类生活状况普遍改善的发展道路。
［解析］ 此句结构是“主句+whether引导的宾语从句+one(path的同位语)+that(one的定语从句)”。要说明的是：1)be judged by(由……评定/裁决)是被动语态，译文改作主动，增加了“标准”等词。2)将one that…译作“亦即……的发展道路”；leads to…译成3个“动宾”短语，既简练又表达原意。
Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
51.［参考样文］
Lost
A 90% new mobile phone of Nokia 3608 with color screen and silver gray case was found missing yesterday(Friday,Nov.12).On the back of the phone case are carved my initials “LM”.
Possibly I left it in the Reading Room 2 of our college library,where I was writing my papers yesterday morning,or maybe I dropped it in the Post Office on campus when I mailed a parcel in the afternoon.
Anyone who found it,or has information about it,is requested to contact me at XXXX XXXX.The finder will be offered a handsome reward of gratitude on returning the phone.
Thank you for your attention to this notice.
Li Ming
Part B
52.［参考样文］
The picture presents a real traffic scene in which endless columns of vehicles have jammed the road,making movement impossible.Much valuable time is wasted and many important businesses are delayed in the helpless waiting for progress.Its no exaggeration to say that the inconvenience and losses caused by traffic jams are inestimable.
Traffic problem is an inescapable outcome of social and economical development,and therefore is common to most capital cities all over the world.The accelerated urbanization,the rapid increase of private cars,and the lag of road construction are responsible for traffic congestion.
As the traffic problem involves many factors,there is no single measure that can solve it once for all.For the present,realistic solutions may include:
To give priority to improving and developing masstransit system,both ground and underground;
To set up proper limits to private vehicles;
To perfect traffic regulations and management,and
To advocate bicycling or walking between home and office.
However,any successful resolution of the problem depends not so much on public concerns and appeals as on the initiative and determination of the local municipal administrations.
Model Test 5 重点阅读文章参考译文
Text 3
有时候我们听人说散文形式过时，某某是“最后的散文家”，不过图书市场却是另外一幅景象。几乎任何类别的散文都比短篇小说好卖，也更容易变成铅字。奇怪的是，市面上能找到两套精美的本年度最佳小说集，而同类的散文集却不见上市。不用说，公众口味的这个变化不见得就是好事。讲故事肯定比岩洞绘画出现得更早；如果我们退回岩洞生活时代，讲故事(绘画和击鼓)也许是硕果仅存的艺术形式，而电影、小说、摄影、散文、传记和其他艺术形式统统都不复存在了。
散文应该悬挂在两个坚固定点之间的连线上：一端是我怎样想的，另一端是我是谁。自传不是小说，它们通常延伸了散文。个人散文就像人类在说话，它不是系统化的思想表达，而是大脑思绪的真实反映。散文比文章和论文更富于变化、更自由，但它仍然有自己的中心，而这一中心只要散文家才能最简洁地表达出来。文章可以浓缩，而散文不能，其风格犹如一层绒毛，将作者的个性、独创性和充满激情的点点滴滴缀在散文上，如同毛衣上的绒毛，你无法将其刷平。散文属于动物王国，而杂志文章属于植物王国。散文能擦出火花，又像一件毛皮大衣，而文章就像一件普通的棉衣。另一方面，散文不像小说那样层峦起伏，那是因为我们不想过多地纠缠于意义。散文家虽极其巧妙地隐藏着自己的真实意图，不过，按照教学和讲故事的传统分野，他多少有点像个老师，像个变革者，用散文传达了我们共同的心声。
散文家并不受制于事实，也不需要将事实和盘托出，只要对阐述真实观点有利，他可以对记忆灵活变通。个人散文通常不是自传，不过，和自传一样，都借助格调和跌宕的情节发展，来表达作者的思想性。散文无拘无束，它跟思想或者思想的特性直接相连，正是借助了散文，思想的自由才得以舒展。因此，思想有多少魅力，散文就能多么迷人。
