2.    Man has infinite desires which can never be gratified and which will keep him restless even in paradise.
3. The bazaar which I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic-arched gateway of aged brick and stone.
 
    课后练习题
1. Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees that represent more than 2,000 languages. Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family trees or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenbergian universality should predict strong codependencies between particular types of word-order relations. (12年翻译真题)
2. When Zhou Enlai’s door opened, they saw a slender man of more than average height with gleaming eyes and a face so striking that it bordered on the beautiful.






 

    英语组织语句的四种连接手段
说明：
这四种手段的运用是英语语句地道，规范的精髓所在。但恰恰是这些手段的存在往往禁锢住了考生的思维，导致考生对英语原文亦步亦趋，机械对应，结果可想而知：翻译出的中文不通不顺，甚至让人不忍卒读。这样的译文怎么可能取得高分？

1. 动词
2. 介词
3. 英语的各种自有语法手段
4. 逻辑联系词
说明：这四种手段是按照在英语组句过程中使用的频率由高至低排列的；换句话说，写英语句子时，信息片段的连接手段选择的顺序是：
先考虑高频使用的，再考虑使用频率低的。
这一点尤其重要！

    范例分析
1. 动词的连接作用及其对翻译，写作的影响
例证：
A. 手术，病人，健康。
B.  the city, an excellent location
C. 中国自然资源丰富。
D. China owes its success in bidding for the World Exposition, 2010 to the support from the international community.
E. But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.
F. Sometimes, people would throw him a pebble and got a shower of stones and abuses.

2. 介词的连接作用及对翻译，写作的影响
例证：
A. 反思英语学习的过程
B. 回顾周恩来的例子
C. It was agreed that the lawyer should spend 15 years in confinement under the strictest supervision in one of the lodges at the banker’s garden.
D. 该公司的产品，质优，价廉，服务周到。
E. 我们商定，我教他英语，而他则让我用他的钢琴。
3.英语的各种自有语法手段
包括分词，定语从句，特殊句型等。
例证：
A. A dog we know is better company than a person whose language we don’t understand.
B. The memory of old friends is as much a comfort to us as wine, when too old, is to the palate.
C. In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work. (12年真题)
D. In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who don’t have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories. (07年真题)
E. But his (a scientist) primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.

4.逻辑联系词
说明：一个原本独立的句子，经逻辑联系词引导后，便化为细节成分，只能接在独立的句子上，成为从句；从功能上讲，这一成分是为独立句子提供背景，细节信息或补充后续评价而用，使独立句子的思想表达更加完整。
另，逻辑联系词也是考研英语真题文章中常见的连接手段，是文章思想性更强，文体更正式的一个重要原因。
处理方法：
1. 首先考虑省略
2. 一种常见策略:
主句+逻辑联系词+从句 的英语组句模式
根据从句的功能（增加背景，细节信息或补充评价内容）分两种方式处理：
A.    多数情况下，英语从句增加背景，细节信息；
可处理为：从句+逻辑联系词+主句，因为这时的大意在主句；
B.    有时，从句补充评价内容；
可处理为：主句在前，从句在后，因为这时从句为观点性信息。
总之，我们的思路要统一：中文行文一般遵守 先客观事实，后主观观点。

例证：
1. I have excluded him (the average scientist) because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. (06年真题)
2. I gave all these background information because I don’t think that one can assess a writer’s motive without knowing anything about his early developments.
3. When you are not willing to share your good fortune with others, you shall not expect them to be with you when in trouble.
 

    SVO精解