南京师范大学英语写作(学硕)复习资料(2)

本站小编 免费考研网/2016-01-09


  Coworkers who make comments about the fact that you are always fifteen minutes late for work can be taken care of very simply. The first thing that you should do is to get up extra early one day. Before the sun comes up, drive to each coworker’s house, reach under the hood of his car, and disconnected the center wire that leads to the distrib. cap. The car will be unharmed, but it will not start, and your friends at work will all be late for work on the same day. If your lucky, your boss might notice that you are the only one there and will give you a raise. Later if you feel guilty about your actions you can call each person anonymously and tell them how to get the car running…

Correct essay:
Revenge is one of those things that everyone enjoys(主谓一致). People don’t like to talk about it, though. Just the same, there is nothing more tempting, more satisfying, or more rewarding than(并行关系) a bit of revenge. The purpose is not to harm your victims but (fragment) to let them know that you are upset about something they are doing to you. Careful plotting can provide you with relief from bothersome(拼写错误) coworkers, gossiping friends, or nagging family members.
  Coworkers who make comments about the fact that you are always fifteen minutes late for work can be taken care of very simply. The first thing that you should do is to get up extra early one day. Before the sun comes up, drive to each coworker’s house, reach under the hood of his car, and disconnect(时态一致) the center wire that leads to the distributor(全拼) cap. The car will be unharmed, but it will not start, and your friends at work will all be late for work on the same day. If you’re lucky, your boss might notice that you are the only one there and will give you a raise. Later,(标点)if you feel guilty about your actions you can call each person anonymously and tell them how to get their cars(代词一致) running again…
8. Patterns of development
1) Comparison and contrast 
(1) One side at a time (subject by subject)
These: Going to Chalet is more difficult than going to McDonald’s
1. Chalet
a. Dress code
b. Advance reservations
c. Leave an hour early
d. Find parking space
2. McDonald’s
a. Casual dress
b. No reservations
c. Leave only fifteen minutes ahead of time
d. Plenty of free parking
 (2) Point by point 
These: Studying is something I do differently in college than in high school.
1. Keeping up with reading assignment
a. High school
b. College
2. Concentrating while reading
  a. High school
  b. College
2) Cause and effect(因果说明)
—— We may support our thesis statements by explaining a series of causes or a series of effects.
(1) Causes:
These tell readers why something happened. We try to examine the cause of something. Many actions do not occur without causes. For example,
  Smoking causes lung cancer. (Smoking is one of the causes of lung cancer.)
(2) Effects:
These tell readers the results of something. We try to examine the effects of something. An action can have a series of effects — good or bad. For example,
   Twelve thousand smokers die from lung cancer every year. (Lung cancer is one of the results of smoking.)

By examining the causes or effects of an action, we seek to understand or explain things that happen in our lives.
3) Illustration (说明文)(Examples)
In an illustrative essay, you support your point by illustrating it with examples.
Illustration paragraph include:
例1:
Topic sentence: Knowledge often results only after persistence investigation.
Supporting examples:
Albert Einstein
A detective
Annie Jump Cannon(安妮•坎农,美国女天文学家)
Investigation into the causes of polio(脊髓灰质炎)
Concluding sentence: As students, we too are determined in our investigation to find, retain and contribute to the store of human knowledge.
例2:
Topic sentence: The first day of school was frustrating.
Supporting examples: My sociology course was canceled. Then I couldn’t find the biology lab. And the lines at the bookstore were so long that I went home without buying my textbooks.

Characteristics of illustration
    An example is relevant
    An example is representative, when it shows a typical real-life situation, not a rare or unusual one.
    Examples are taken from your own life or the lives of people you know. They are unique examples shared by no other people.
    Choose examples that are striking and dramatic and that will make a strong lasting impression on your readers

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