英国文学史复习资料(2)
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Samuel Taylor Coleridge塞缪尔•泰勒•科尔律治1772~1834
The Lake Poets
Jane Austen简•奥斯丁
She compared her works to a fine engraving upon a literary piece of ivory only inches squire.
作品
① <Sense and Sensibility>理智与感情
②<Pride and Prejudic> 傲慢与偏见
③<Mansfield Park>曼斯菲尔德庄园
④<Emma>爱玛
⑤<Persuasion>劝导
⑥<Northanger Abbey>诺桑觉寺
In the opening of Pride And Prejudice, Jane Austen states: “It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife”. People marry for many reasons, including convenience, love, infatuation, and companionship throughout the novel.
浪漫主义诗人二
George Gordon Byron乔治•戈登•拜伦1788~1824
l The most renowned English-language poet of his day.
l His best-known works are the narrative poems Childe Harold's Pilgrimage and Don Juan.
l Byron's fame rests also on his life, which featured extravagant living, numerous love affairs, debts, separation, allegations of incest and bisexuality and an eventual death from fever after he travelled to fight on the Greek side in the Greek War of Independence.
作品:
①<Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage>恰尔德•哈罗德尔游记
②<Don Juan>唐•璜
③<Cain>该隐
诗歌:<She Walks In Beauty>
Persy Bysshe Shelley波西•比希•雪莱1792~1822
评价:
§ one of the major English Romantic poets
§ is critically regarded among the finest lyric poets in the English language
§ Shelley was famous for his association with John Keats and Lord Byron.
作品:
<The Necessity of Atheism>无神论的必要性
<Queen Mab>麦布女王
<Revolt of Islam>伊斯兰的反叛
<Prometheus Unbound>解放了的普罗米修斯
Theme: the drama celebraies man’s victory over tyranny and oppression
<The Cenci>钦契
<A Defence of Poetry>诗辩
<Ode to the West Wind>西风颂
Theme: The author express his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality. Compare the west wind to destroyer of the old who drives the last signs of life from the trees, and preserver of the new who scatter the seads shich sill come to life in the spring. This is a poem about renewal, about the wind blowing life back into dead things, implying not just an arc of life (which would end at death) but a cycle, which only starts again when something dies.
Comment: Percy Bysshe Shelley's "Ode to the West Wind" is written in iambic pentameter. It contains five sonnet length stanzas, each with a closing couplet. The rhyming scheme form is aba bcb cdc ded ee. The tone is poignant. Many will agree that this poem is an invocation for an unseen force to take control and revive life.
Artistic features:
Using rerza rima(三行诗aba bcb cdc ded efe …)<To a Skylark>致云雀
Johnl Keats约翰•济慈1795~1821
“美即是真,真即是美”是他的著名诗句。
作品
l On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer 《初探恰普罗译荷马》
“Sleep and Poetry ”《睡与诗》
l Endymion 《恩底弥翁》
l Isabella《伊莎贝拉》
Four great odes: <Ode on a Grecian Urn>希腊古瓮颂
Ode to a Nightingale>夜莺颂
Ode to Psyche>心灵颂
Ode On Melancholy> 忧郁颂
To Autumn>秋颂n
Theme: The theme of John Keats' poem, "To Autumn", is that change is both natural and beautiful. The poem praises the glories of the fall season by using almost every type of imagery to both charm and appeal to the reader.
Comment: The speaker in the poem acknowledges that time passes by, but also asserts that this change usually yields something new and better than what came before. Each of the poem's three stanzas represents the evolving of two different types of change. One type of change shown in the poem is the change of periods in a day.
The Victorian Age
1. Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂•勃朗特1816~1855
Due to her upbringing, she often wrote about religious hypocrisy宗教的虚伪—those who preach one doctrine but live by another
作品:
① <Jane Eyre>简•爱
② <Shirley>雪莉
③<Villette>维莱特
④<Professor>教师
2. Charles Dickens (1812-1870) Oliver Twist: the dehumanizing workhouse system and the dark, criminal underworld life Characters Bumble: the parish beadle Fagin: an old miserable Jew leads a gang of young thieves. Bill Sikes: a co-leader Nancy: Sikes’s lover Monks: Edward Leeford, Oliver’s half brother Mr. Brownlow :the best friend of Oliver’s father Rose: Oliver’s aunt Mrs. Maylie
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