对外经贸大学翻译硕士考研辅导-英语翻译基础
英语翻译基础资料

考试科目：

参考书目：

翻译硕士专业学位各专业及方向（初试）

翻译硕士专业学位各专业及方向（复试）

英语翻译基础

第一部分 30分

一. 英译汉（词汇、专业术语）10分
dynamic equivalence

PostScript

transliteration

overtranslation

black sheep

outsource

二. 汉译英（词汇、成语、俗语、专业术语）10分
山寨手机；山寨——在山寨中，逃避政府管理。

cheap copy

fake phone

cottage phone

破釜沉舟；

以牙还牙；

对冲基金；

次贷危机；

本末倒置；

电子商务；

三. 缩略语翻译 10分
GDP;

BBS; Bulletin Board System

WHO;

LCD; liquid crystal display

LC;

NGO;

第二部分 120分

一．英译中篇章 60分

特点：商务英语方向，关于国际贸易，生词不多，文章理解不难，但要做到“信，达，雅”实属不易

对策：平时做翻译练习时，不求译好难懂的文章，但求汉语表达上做到精准，意思通顺，符合中文表达习惯

二．中译英篇章 60分

特点：关于销售，多次出现俗语，谚语，如“竹篮打水一场空”

对策：平时多多积累成语谚语，做到中文意思理解，并背诵相应的英文翻译

词汇篇：

一．机构名称缩写

NAFTA                                      北美自由贸易区
= North American Free Trade Agreement of Canada, Mexico and the U.S.

EFTA/AFTA                            欧洲自由贸易区/东盟自由贸易区

APEC                                         亚太经济合作组织
=Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
ASEAN                                        东南亚国家联盟
=Association of South East Asian Nations
NATO                                          北大西洋公约组织
=North Atlantic Treaty Organization

International Monetary Fund                     国际货币基金组织

European Free Trade Association                  欧洲自由贸易联盟

International Atomic Energy Agency                国际原子能机构

WWF                                         世界自然基金会
=World Wildlife Fund

ICC                                           国际商务委员会（美洲国际）
= The Interstate Commerce Commission of U.S.A.

WTO                                          世界贸易组织/世界旅游组织
= World Trade Organization/ World Tourism Organization
= Warsaw Treaty Organization               华沙条约组织

WHO                                           世界卫生组织
= World Health Organization

UNSECO                                      联合国教科文组织
=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization                             

UN = Unites Nations                       联合国

Security Council                            安理会

World Bank                                  世界银行

NASA                                         美国国家航天局
=National Aeronautics and Space Administration

二．商务英语缩写

C&F(cost & freight)成本加运费价
T/T(telegraphic transfer)电汇
D/P(document against payment)付款交单
D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单
C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证
G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制
CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱
PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等
DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元
DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打
PKG(package)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等
WT(weight)重量
G.W.(gross weight)毛重
N.W.(net weight)净重
(customs declaration)报关单
EA(each)每个，各
W (with)具有
w/o(without)没有
FAC(facsimile)传真
IMP(import)进口
EXP（export）出口
MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的
MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度
M 或MED (medium)中等，中级的
M/V（merchant vessel）商船
S.S(steamship)船运
MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨
DOC (document)文件、单据
INT（international）国际的
P/L (packing list)装箱单、明细表
INV (invoice)发票
PCT (percent)百分比
REF （reference）参考、查价
EMS （express mail special）特快传递
STL.(style)式样、款式、类型
T或LTX或TX(telex)电传
RMB（renminbi）人民币
S/M （shipping marks）装船标记
PR或PRC(price) 价格
PUR (purchase)购买、购货
S/C（sales contract）销售确认书
L/C （letter of credit）信用证
B/L （bill of lading）提单
FOB （free on board）离岸价
CIF （cost, insurance & freight）成本、保险加运费价
GMO (genetically modified organism)转基因组织
CAGA (compound annual growth average)年复合增长率

五．

澳新紧密经济关系协定ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响shake off the impact of the financial crisis
帮助人才脱颖而出help excellent talents find way to distinction
备件spare parts
部长级会议ministerial meeting
采取积极财政政策 proactive fiscal policy
出口创汇型/外向型产业        export-oriented industry
垂直兼并vertical merger
倒爷profiteer
抵免offset
东盟自由贸易区        AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area
东南亚国家联盟        ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations
对外项目承包foreign project contracting
反倾销措施anti-dumping measures against ……
防伪标志anti-fake label
放松银根ease monetary policy
非配额产品quota-free products
非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects
风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment
风险基金venture capital
风险准备金loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
岗位培训on-the-job training
港元的联系汇率制the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
搞活国有大中型企业revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
工程项目engineering project
工业增加值industrial added value
公正合理equitable and rational
固定资产投资investment in the fixed assets
广开就业门路increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment
规模经济scale economy/ economies of scale
国合企业（即国有合作社）state-owned cooperatives
国际清算international settlement
国际收支平衡balance of international payments/ balance of payment
国际收支不平衡disequilibrium of balance of payment
国家补贴public subsidies
国家鼓励项目projects listed as encouraged by the state
国家科技创新体系State Scientific and Technological Innovation System
国家现汇结存state foreign exchange reserves
合理引导消费guide rational consumption
横向兼并horizontal merger
坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan货币市场money market
机构臃肿overstaffing in (government) organizations
机构重叠organizational overlapping
技工贸结合的科技型企业scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development
季节性调价seasonal price adjustments
既成事实established/accomplished facts
减免债务reduce and cancel debts
建材building materials
进口环节税import linkage tax
经常项目current account
经常性的财政收入regular revenues
竟价投标competitive bidding
就业前培训pre-job training
控股公司holding company
垃圾融资junk financing
劳动密集性企业labor-intensive enterprises
劳务合作labor service cooperation
累计实现顺差143.4美元accumulatively realizing trade surplus
利改税substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
流动人口floating population
龙头产品lagship product
乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
慢性萧条chronic depression
农业技术合作        ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation
盘活存量资产revitalize stock assets
配件accessories
皮包公司flying-by-night company; bogus company
平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck” restrictions
企业的自我约束机制self-regulating mechanism of enterprises
企业技术改造technological updating of enterprises
企业亏损补贴subsidies to cover enterprise losses
企业所得税corporate income tax
千年问题、千年虫millennium bug
抢得先机take the preemptive opportunities
清理、修订screen and modify
求同存异overcome differences and seek common ground
商住和公益设施建设commercial, residential and public utility construction
申报制度reporting system; income declaration system
实行股份制enforce stockholding system
实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to, treat foreign investors as quals to the Chinese counterparts
市场准人的行政管理措施AAMA  Administrative Aspects of Market Access
适销对路的产品readily marketable products
双重轨制two-tier system / double-track system
水利water conservation
所有制形式forms of ownership
贪图安逸crave comfort and pleasure
通货紧缩deflation
通货膨胀inflation
同步增长increase in the same pace
外援方式modality of foreign aid
无氟冰箱freon-free refrigerator
无纸交易paperless transaction
现代企业制度modern corporate system
消费膨胀inflated consumption
协议投标negotiated bidding
信息化informationize
形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场establish an unified, open market with orderly competition
亚欧会议ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting
亚太法定计量论坛        APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
亚太工商咨询理事会        ABAC：APEC Business Advisory Council
亚太计量程序        APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program
亚太经合组织部长级会议AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
亚太经合组织经济领导人会议AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
亚太经济合作组织        APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
亚太能源研究中心        APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
亚太商业论坛        ABF：APEC Business Forum
亚太商业网络        APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network
亚太实验室认可合作APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
亚太通讯与数据系统ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System