—→  My University
          the trilogy (三步曲)：Childhood, My Apprenticeship, My University
39、Gorky was the representative of Russian modernist literature.
40、Sholokhov (肖洛霍夫)  —→  The Quiet Don (静静的顿河)
41、Cubism名词解释 立体主义
    Cubism is a type of abstract painting (抽象绘画) which aims to penetrate beyond surface appearances (超越表面现象) and single vision (想象) and depict (描绘) persons and objects  (人和物) from varying angles (千变万化的角度) simultaneously (同时进行) and three-dimensionally (三位立体). The Cubism was represented by Picasso (毕加索)
42、Futurism名词解释 未来主义
    The works of futurism portray (描绘) the dynamic life (动态的生活) of the 20th century.  They glorify (崇尚) war, danger, machine age and attack (反对) museums and academies (学术).  They are interested in expressing the speed (高速发展), progress and even the violence (暴力) of modern live.
43、Dadaism名词解释 达达主义
    Dadaism created works that were anti-war, anti-modern life, and indeed (甚至), anti-art.  When they held exhibitions the Dadaists sometimes encouraged (鼓励) the public to destroy  (销毁) their displays.  They thought that the world had become insane (病了) and art too seious (严肃).  One of the most important ideas to develop out of the movement was automatism (自动主义)—the automatic production (自动产生) of art.
44、Surrealism名词解释 超现实主义
    Surrealism was a which combined (结合) the Dada idea of automatism with the psychology (心理学) of Sigmund Freud.  The surrealists felt that the job of the artist was to show an unconscious (无意识的) world.

论述简答
一、What are the Characters of modernism?
1、Modernism was a complex and diverse (复杂多样的) international movement in all the creative arts (创造性艺术), originating about the end of the 19th century.  It provided (出现) the greatest creative renaissance of the 20th century.  It was made up of many facets (方面), such as symbolism, surrealism (超现实主义), cubism (立体主义), expressionism, futurism (未来主义), ect.
2、Any break-away with the tradition can be classified (归类) into modernism.
3、Modernism looks at the men’s position in a fresh new way. (全新的方式)
           —→ 重新看待人在宇宙中的地位(第一次17世纪，第二次Modernism)
二、What are the specialties of modernism? (特征)
1、Modernism has been called “the tradition of the new”. It was characterized by a conscious (有意识的) rejection (排斥) of established rules, traditions and convention (常规).
2、Modernism has also been called the “dehumanization (失去人性的) of art”. It pushed into (借鉴了) the background traditional humanistic notions (人文主义的观点) of the individual and society.