英国文学复习要点（教材刘炳善《英国文学简史》）
Part One: Early and Medieval
1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story;
alliteration, metaphors and understatements.
*2. Romance （名词解释）
(1).The basic material of medieval romance is knightly activity and
adventure; we might best define medieval romance as a story of
adventure--fictitious, frequently marvelous or supernatural--in verse
or prose.
(2).A long composition describing the life and adventures of a noble
hero. The central character was the knight, a man of noble birth skilled
in the use of weapons who was very devoted to the king or to the church.
(3).One who wanted to be a knight should serve patiently until he was
admitted to the knighthood with solemn ceremony and the swearing of oaths.
The Nature of the Romance:
(4). The Nature of the Romance:
1）Themes: Loyalty to the king and the lord, which was the corner-stone
of feudal morality.
2）The audience was of noble people from the court or the castle.
3）The Romance had nothing to do with the common people.
4）The Romance were written for the noble, of the noble and in most
cases by the poets patronized by the noble.
*3. Piers the Plowman. Over 7000 lines, written by William Langland.
*4. Ballad民谣（名词解释）
1.A short narrative poem with stanzas of two or four lines and usually
a refrain. The story, folklore popular legends. straightforward verse,
s with graphic simplicity and force. suitable for singing generally
written in ballad meter, with the last words of the second and fourth lines
rhyming.

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