26.moist unit weight湿重度
45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会

四. 渗透性和渗流
1.Darcy’s law 达西定律 2.piping管涌 3.flowing soil流土 4.sand boiling砂沸 5.flow net流网 6.seepage渗透（流） 7.leakage渗流 8.seepage pressure渗透压力 9.permeability渗透性
10.seepage force渗透力
11.hydraulic gradient水力梯度 12.coefficient of permeability渗透系数
五. 地基应力和变形
1.soft soil软土 2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入桩（负）摩阻力 3.effective stress有效应力 4.total stress总应力
5.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪强度
6.low activity低活性 7.sensitivity灵敏度 8.triaxial test三轴试验 9.foundation design基础设计 10.recompaction再压缩11.bearing capacity承载力 12.soil mass土体
13.contact stress (pressure)接触应力（压力）
14.concentrated load集中荷载 15.a semi-infinite elastic solid半无限弹性体 16.homogeneous均质 17.isotropic各向同性 18.strip footing条基 19.square spread footing方形独立基础
20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层（土）
21.dead load =sustained load恒载 持续荷载 22.live load活载 23.short –term transient load短期瞬时荷载
24.long-term transient load长期荷载 25.reduced load折算荷载 26.settlement沉降 27.deformation变形 28.casing套管 29.dike=dyke堤（防） 30.clay fraction粘粒粒组 31.physical properties物理性质 32.subgrade路基 33.well-graded soil级配良好土 34.poorly-graded soil级配不良土 35.normal stresses正应力 36.shear stresses剪应力 37.principal plane主平面
38.major (intermediate, minor) principal stress最大（中、最小）主应力 39.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition摩尔-库仑破坏条件 40.FEM=finite element method有限元法
41.limit equilibrium method极限平衡法
42.pore water pressure孔隙水压力
43.preconsolidation pressure先期固结压力
44.modulus of compressibility压缩模量
45.coefficent of compressibility压缩系数
46.compression index压缩指数 47.swelling index回弹指数 48.geostatic stress自重应力 49.additional stress附加应力 50.total stress总应力 51.final settlement最终沉降 52.slip line滑动线
六. 基坑开挖与降水 1 excavation开挖（挖方） 2 dewatering（基坑）降水 3 failure of foundation基坑失稳
4 bracing of foundation pit基坑围护
5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起
6 retaining wall挡土墙 7 pore-pressure distribution孔压分布 8 dewatering method降低地下水位法 9 well point system井点系统（轻型） 10 deep well point深井点 11 vacuum well point真空井点 12 braced cuts支撑围护 13 braced excavation支撑开挖 14 braced sheeting支撑挡板

七. 深基础--deep foundation 1.pile foundation桩基础
1)cast –in-place灌注桩 diving casting cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩 bored pile钻孔桩 special-shaped cast-in-place pile机控异型灌注桩 piles set into rock嵌岩灌注桩 rammed bulb pile夯扩桩
2)belled pier foundation钻孔墩基础 drilled-pier foundation
钻孔扩底墩 under-reamed bored pier
3)precast concrete pile预制混凝土桩
4)steel pile钢桩 steel pipe pile钢管桩        steel sheet pile钢板桩
5)prestressed concrete pile预应力混凝土桩 prestressed concrete pipe pile预应力混凝土管桩 2.caisson foundation沉井（箱） 3.diaphragm wall地下连续墙　截水墙 4.friction pile摩擦桩 5.end-bearing pile端承桩 6.shaft竖井；桩身 7.wave equation analysis波动方程分析 8.pile caps承台（桩帽） 9.bearing capacity of single pile单桩承载力 10.lateral pile load test单桩横向载荷试验 11.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile单桩横向极限承载力 12.static load test of pile单桩竖向静荷载试验 13.vertical allowable load capacity单桩竖向容许承载力 14.low pile cap低桩承台 15.high-rise pile cap高桩承台 16.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单桩抗拔极限承载力 17.silent piling静力压桩 18.uplift pile抗拔桩 19.anti-slide pile抗滑桩
 20.pile groups群桩 21.efficiency factor of pile groups群桩效率系数（η）
22.efficiency of pile groups群桩效应 23.dynamic pile testing桩基动测技术
24.final set最后贯入度 25.dynamic load test of pile桩动荷载试验
26.pile integrity test桩的完整性试验 27.pile head=butt桩头 28.pile tip=pile point=pile toe桩端（头） 29.pile spacing桩距
30.pile plan桩位布置图 31.arrangement of piles =pile layout桩的布置
32.group action群桩作用 33.end bearing=tip resistance桩端阻 34.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance桩侧阻
35.pile cushion桩垫 36.pile driving(by vibration) （振动）打桩 37.pile pulling test拔桩试验 38.pile shoe桩靴 39.pile noise打桩噪音 40.pile rig打桩机
九. 固结consolidation
1.Terzzaghi’s consolidation theory太沙基固结理论
2.Barraon’s consolidation theory巴隆固结理论
 3.Biot’s consolidation theory比奥固结理论
 4.over consolidation ration (OCR)超固结比
5.overconsolidation soil超固结土
6.excess pore water pressure超孔压力
7.multi-dimensional consolidation多维固结