根据定义，语音学是对语音的研究，包括语音的产生，而音系学是研究控制语音的结构、分布、顺序和音节形状的规则。语音学和音系学都与语音有关。语音学是一种研究语音的产生、感知和物理特性的方法；音系学试图解释它们在特定的语言中是如何组合、组织和传达意义的。语音学是对实际声音的研究，即对语音信号的分析和建模；音系学是关于对语音的更抽象的描述，并试图描述不同语言或一种语言中的声音模式的规律。从这个意义上说，语音学是具体的，而音系学则是抽象的。语音学研究的是语音，即音位，语音学研究的是音素。By definition, phonetics is the study of speech sounds, including the production of speech, while phonology is the study of the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables. Both phonetics and phonology are concerned with speech. Phonetics is the study of the production, perception, and physical properties of speech sounds; phonology attempts to account for how they are combined, organized, and convey meaning in particular languages. Phonetics is the study of actual sounds, that is, the analysis and modeling the speech signal; phonology is concerned with a more abstract description of speech sounds and tries to describe the regularities of sound patterns in different languages or within a language. In this sense, phonetics is concrete, while phonology is abstract. What phonetics studies is the speech sound, namely phone, what phonology studies is phoneme.