Intended meaning             Child’s utterance
a) Jimmy is swimming?         Jimmy swim
b) Ken’s book                 Ken book
c) Daddy is at his office.         Daddy office
d) You push the babies.          Push baby
e) Mommy is reading.           Mommy read
答：(略)

Chapter 11  Second Language Acquisition
1. To what extent is second language learning similar to first language learning? Can you list some proof from your own learning experiences?
答：(1) From a theoretical point of view, the new findings and advances in first language acquisition especially in learning theories and learning process are illuminating in understanding second language acquisition. The techniques used to collect and analyze date in first language acquisition also provide insights and perspectives in the study of second language acquisition. For example, we started to learn our native language from listening, and then speaking.
    (2) (略)

2. Try to observe yourself and pay attention to your own learning experience, what conclusions can you reach about the role of Chinese in your English learning? On what occasions are you more likely to use or depend on Chinese in learning or using English?
答：(略)

3. Identify the errors in the following sentences and trace the possible cause for each error.
  a) Please do not hinder my work.
b) –– Would you mind lending me your tape-recorder?
    –– Yes, certainly.
c) During the meeting we discussed about the research project.
  d) Alison is in poor health. She is easy to catch cold.
  e) Tile light can impress the film and in this way to fix the image of the film.
f) The scenery is too beautiful to describe it.
答：a) Please do not hinder me in my work.
      (negative transfer)
    b) –– Would you mind lending me your tape-recorder?
      –– No, I don't.
      (negative transfer)
    c) During the meeting we discussed the research project.
      (overgeneralization)
    d) Alison is in poor health. She catches cold easily.
      (overgeneralization)
    e) The light can impress the film and in this way can fix the image of the film.
      (negative transfer)
    f) The scenery is too beautiful to describe.
      (cross-association)
4. Based on your own experience, give at least three examples which are related to overgeneralization and performance errors.
答：Overgeneralization: * I losed the game.
                    * There are ten sheeps.
* I was devoted to do this job.
5. What kind of a language learner you are? Have you ever thought of why and how you learn English?
答：(略)

6. List the learning strategies you use frequently, and then compare that with the strategy listed in 11. 8.
答：(略)

7. Identify personality factors that may contribute to the success of learning a second/foreign language.
答： The personality traits such as extroversion, talkativeness, self-esteem, self-confidence may contribute to the success of learning a second/foreign language.

Chapter 12  Language and Brain
1. What is neurolinguistics and what does it study?
答：(略)

2. What distinguishes the human brain from a non-human brain?
答：  It is the cerebral cortex flint distinguishes the human brain from a non-human brain. The cerebral cortex is the decision-making organ of the body and storehouse of "memory". It receives messages from all the sensory organs and initiates all voluntary actions. It is the cerebral cortex that accounts for the human distinctness in the animal world and it is within the human cortex that the secrets of language representation and processing are to be found. Animals, reptiles and amphibians, for example, have no cortex all.
3. Give names to each component of the human brain. ...
答：(略)

4. Describe the major symptoms of Broca's aphasia, Wernicke's aphasia, and acquired dyslexia.
答： Broca's aphasia displays several characteristics. Phonologically, the speech of Broca's aphasics is very halting and lack of normal sentence intonation. That is to say, patients have great difficulty in accurately producing the needed phonemes to say a word. When they say, they say very slowly and have a lot of hesitations. Syntactically, Broca's aphasics produce telegraphic speech, i.e. they omit the functional words that we would be likely to omit when we write a telegram and besides, they tend to omit inflectional affixes such as -ing, and -ed in words such as reading and worked. They often show difficulty judging the grammaticality of sentences.