英语主语和谓语动词在数方面的一致关系(5)

网络资源 Freekaoyan.com/2008-04-11

  (3)有些名词形式上是复数,而意义上却是单数。如news, means, works.还有许多以ics结尾的学科名称,如economics, physics, mechanics, politics等,它们作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:

  1)Politics is a complicated business.

  2)Here is the news.

  (4)用and连接的单数主语,前面有each, every, many a, no等修饰时,谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语与each连用时,应不受each的影响,谓语动词仍用复数形式。例如:

  1) Each pen and each paper is found in its place.

  2) Every boy and girl is treated in the same way.

  3) Many a boy and many a girl has seen it.

  4) The old workers and the young each have their own tools.

  (5)表示重量、度量、衡量、价值的复数名词作主语,谓语动词常用单数形式。例如:

  1) Twenty miles is a long way to walk.

  2) Three pints isn't enough to get me drunk.

  (6)国家、单位和书报的名称,作为一个单一的概念,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:

  1)War and Peace is the longest book I've read.

  2)General Motors has recently closed down a plant. (通用汽车公司最近关闭了一家工厂。)

  (8)the +形容词作主语时,如主语指的是一类人,谓语动词用复数形式;如果指的是单个人或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:

  1) The blind are taught trades in special schools.

  2) The departed was a good friend of his.

  3.毗邻一致(就近原则)

  (1)由连词or, neither…or, either…or, not only … also, nor等连接的并列主语,谓语动词的单复数形式按毗邻一致的原则,与贴近它的主语一致。例如:

  1) He or you have taken my pen.

  2) Either you or he is no telling the truth.

  3) Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been changed.

  (2)在there be 的结构中,谓语动词的单复数形式一般也采取就近原则。例如:

  1)There is a desk and four benches in the office.

  2)There are two chairs and a desk in the office.


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