2010 年阅读Text 2

Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. Amazon.com received one for its “one-click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy.

参考译文：在过去十年中，成千上万的专利被授予了各种所谓的“商业方法”。亚马逊公司的“一键式”在线支付系统就获得了一项专利。美林证券公司的资产分配策略获得了法律保护。

形近词

strategic [strəˈtiːdʒɪk]

adj. 策略(上)的；战略(上)的

补充词汇

[同义词]

tactic [ˈtæktɪk]

n. 战术；策略

【例】[n] 策略

2012 年阅读Text 1

The tactic never really works.

参考译文：这种策略从来没有真正奏效过。

approach [əˈprəʊtʃ]

n. 方法；途径

[近义词]

scheme

[skiːm] v. 密谋；图谋；秘密策划

[skiːm] n. (政府或其他组织的)计划，方案，安排；计谋；阴谋；诡计

plot [plɒt]

n. 密谋；阴谋

conspiracy [kənˈspɪrəsi]

n. 阴谋；反叛

exclusive

词频 ★★☆☆☆

adj. [ɪkˈskluːsɪv] 独有的；独用的；独享的；排他的；高档的

That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions.

参考译文：这一裁决引发了商业方法专利申请的激增，最初源于新兴的网络公司试图独享某些特定的在线交易的专有权。

补充词汇

[反义词]

inclusive [ɪnˈkluːsɪv]

adj. 包括的；包罗广泛的

confirm

词频 ★★☆☆☆

v. [kənˈfɜː(r)m] 巩固或加强(权利、地位)；证实；确认

形近词：firm, infirm

【例】[v] 确认

2009 年阅读Text 2

It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom—or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad. All he needs to do is shell out $30 for paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore—and another $120 to get the results.

参考译文：再聪明的父亲也未必知道自己的孩子。但如今男性可以提升这种父亲的智慧，或者至少能确定自己是孩子的父亲。他只需花30美元在当地药店买一个亲子鉴定包，再花120美元获得检测结果。

形近词

firm

[fɜː(r)m] adj. 结实的；坚硬的

[fɜː(r)m] n. 公司；商行

[fɜː(r)m] v. (使)坚硬(稳固)

【例】[n] 公司

2014 年阅读Text 2

In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency.

参考译文：事实上，允许非职业律师参股可以鼓励律师事务所使用高科技，雇用职业经理人专门负责提高事务所的效率，从而减少开支，改善顾客服务。

infirm [ɪnˈfɜː(r)m]

adj. 体弱的

补充词汇

[词组]

confirm sb. in：使某人坚定(信念、决定或观点等)

[近义词]

affirm [əˈfɜː(r)m]

v. 断言；证实

assert [əˈsɜː(r)t]

v. 声称；断言

certify [ˈsɜː(r)tɪfaɪ]

v. (尤指书面)证明；发证书给……

testify [ˈtestɪfaɪ]

v. 作证；声明

corporation

词频 ★★☆☆☆

n. [ˌkɔː(r)pəˈreɪʃ(ə)n] 大公司；大企业

形近词：corporate, incorporate

形近词

corporate [ˈkɔː(r)p(ə)rət]

adj. 公司的；法人的；共同的，全体的

【例】[adj] 公司的

2013 年阅读新题型

During the late 1990s, national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds—including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate—varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.

参考译文：在20世纪90年代末期，各国在社会科学和人文科学研究方面的支出在所有的研究和发展经费——包括政府、高等教育、非营利机构和公司的经费——中的比例从约4%到25%不等；在大部分欧洲国家，这一数字大约是15%。

incorporate [ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt]

v. 包含；合并；使混合；使具体化，具体表现

补充词汇

[词组]

incorporate with：合并；混合

[同义词]

enterprise [ˈentə(r)ˌpraɪz]

n. 企(事)业单位；事业

dramatic

词频 ★★☆☆☆

adj. [drəˈmætɪk] 戏剧的；戏剧性的；突如其来的；急剧的；引人注目的

形近词：dramatize, dramatically

【例】[adj] 急剧的；戏剧性的

2011 年阅读Text 3

The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.

参考译文：同样剧烈的技术变革为营销人员提供了更多的（和更多样的）沟通选择，但同时也增加了风险，因为情绪激动的消费者将会以更迅速、更明显、更具破坏性的方式来表达他们的意见。

形近词

dramatize [ˈdræmətaɪz]

v. 使戏剧化；改编成剧本；使引人注目

dramatically [drəˈmætɪkli]

adv. 引人注目地；戏剧地；急剧地

exaggerate

词频 ★★☆☆☆

v. [ɪgˈzædʒəreɪt] 夸大，夸张

形近词：exaggerated, aggravate

形近词

exaggerated [ɪgˈzædʒəreɪtɪd]

adj. 夸大的；夸张的；言过真实的

aggravate [ˈæɡrəveɪt]

v. 加重；使恶化；加剧

【例】[v] 使恶化

2014 年阅读Text 2

The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive” partly because it ______.

[A] bans outsiders’ involvement in the profession

[B] keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares

[C] aggravates the ethical situation in the trade

[D] prevents lawyers from gaining due profits

参考译文：“行会式”所有权结构被认为是“限制性的”，部分原因在于它_____。

[A] 禁止业外人士涉足这一行业

[B] 禁止律师持有律师事务所的股份

[C] 恶化了行业的道德状况

[D] 阻止律师获得应有的收益

补充词汇

[同义词]

boast [bəʊst]

v. 自夸；自吹自擂

magnify [ˈmægnɪfaɪ]

v. 放大；夸大；加剧

endure

词频 ★★☆☆☆

v. [ɪnˈdjʊə(r)] 忍耐；忍受；持续；持久

形近词：endurance

【例】[v] 持续

2013 年阅读Text 3

The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years—so why shouldn’t we?

参考译文：化石记录显示，许多物种都持续存在了数百万年——为什么我们不会呢？

形近词

endurance [ɪnˈdjʊərəns]

n. 耐力；忍耐力

【例】[n] 耐力；忍耐力

2014 年阅读Text 3

Their endurance has done justice to them.

参考译文：他们的持久忍耐已经还他们一个公平。

feeble

词频 ★★☆☆☆

adj. [ˈfiːb(ə)l] 虚弱的，微弱的；无力的；软弱的；懦弱的；牵强的；不太可信的

形近词：feedback

【例】[adj] 虚弱的，微弱的

2007 年阅读Text 4

The statement “It never rains but it pours” is used to introduce________ .

[A] the fierce business competition

[B] the feeble boss-board relations

[C] the threat from news reports.

[D] the severity of data leakage

参考译文：“祸不单行”这个说法用来引出________。

[A] 激烈的商业竞争

[B] 老板与董事之间脆弱的关系

[C] 来自新闻报道的威胁

[D] 数据泄露的严重性

形近词

feedback [ˈfiːdbæk]

n.反馈；反应；(电子设备的)反馈噪音

【例】[n] 反馈

2014 年完型

The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement.

参考译文：这一程序会记录你的学习进度，并对你的表现和进步给予详尽的反馈。

flourish

词频 ★★☆☆☆

v. [ˈflʌrɪʃ] 繁荣；兴盛；(植物或动物)长势好，茁壮成长；挥动，挥舞(以引起注意)

n. [ˈflʌrɪʃ] (为引人注意的)夸张动作；装饰曲线；装饰图案

alien

词频 ★★☆☆☆

adj. [ˈeɪliən] 外国的；异族的；怪异的；可怕的；陌生的；格格不入的；不相容的

n. [ˈeɪliən] 外国人；外星人

【例】[n] 外国人

2013 年阅读Text 4

The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.

参考译文：唯一的主要反对意见来自于大法官安东宁·斯卡利亚。他愈发强烈地维护各州的特权，这些权力可以追溯至《客籍法和惩治叛乱法》。

attendance

词频 ★★☆☆☆

n. [əˈtendəns] 出席；参加；出勤；出席的人数

形近词：attendant

形近词

attendant

[əˈtendənt] n. (加油站、停车场、更衣室等的)服务员，侍者

[əˈtendənt] adj. 伴随的；附带的；相关的

【例】[adj] 附带的；相关的

2007 年阅读Text 3

Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent—and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance—have jumped eightfold in just one

generation.

参考译文：甚至人口统计结果也对中产阶级家庭不利，因为仅仅隔了一代人，有一个年迈体弱的父母的概率——以及伴随而来的所有对身体上和经济上帮助的需求——就跃升了八倍。

myth

词频 ★★☆☆☆

n. [mɪθ] 神话；错误的看法(或认识)；编造的话；谎言

形近词：mystery

【例】[n] 神话

2014 年阅读Text 3

They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.

参考译文：他们一直维持着孤独天才的神话。

形近词

mystery [ˈmɪst(ə)ri]

n.谜；神秘的事物

overlap

词频 ★★☆☆☆

n. [ˈəʊvə(r)ˌlæp] 重合，重叠

v. [ˌəʊvə(r)ˈlæp] 与……复叠；与……互搭；(使)相叠；(在主题、人物、时间等上)与……部分相同

形近词：overseas, overwhelm

形近词

overseas

[ˈəʊvə(r)siːz] adv. 在海外；在国外

[ˌəʊvə(r)ˈsiːz] adj. (在)海外的；(在)国外的；(学生、游客等)来自海外的，来自外国的

【例】[adj] (在)海外的

2013 年阅读Text 1

For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.

参考译文：对H&M来说，它若想为全球2300多家门店提供价格为5.95美元的针织超短裙，就必须依靠海外低薪劳动力，大量地采购(原材料)以致给自然资源造成巨大压力，并且大量使用有害化学品。

overwhelm [ˌəʊvə(r)ˈwelm]

v. (情感、事件等)使不知所措，使难以承受；征服；制服

perceive

词频 ★★☆☆☆

v. [pə(r)ˈsiːv] 注意到，察觉，意识到；看作，视为，认为

【例】[v] 意识到

2007 年阅读Text 4

According to Paragraph 4, what puzzles the author is that some bosses fail to _______.

[A] see the link between trust and data protection

[B] perceive the sensitivity of personal data

[C] realize the high cost of data restoration

[D] appreciate the economic value of trust

参考译文：根据第四段，让作者感到困惑的是有些老板未能_____。

[A] 看到信任和数据保护之间的关系

[B] 意识到个人数据的敏感性

[C] 意识到数据恢复所需的高成本

[D] 意识到信任的经济价值

pilgrim

词频 ★★☆☆☆

n. [ˈpɪlɡrɪm] 朝圣者；朝觐者

【例】[n] 朝圣者

2012 年阅读Text 2

Pledging to run Pilgrim safely, the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another 20 years.

参考译文：在承诺将安全运营“朝圣者”核电站之后，该公司已经申请了联邦许可，从而可以再运行核电站20年。

prestige

词频 ★★☆☆☆

n. [preˈstiːʒ] 威信；威望；声望

【例】[n] 威望；声望

2014 年阅读Text 3

You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels.

参考译文：正如古话所说，金钱买不到品味，这些暴富的企业家无法给他们的奖项买来诺贝尔奖般的声望。

index

词频 ★★☆☆☆

n. [ˈɪndeks] 索引；指数；指标

v. [ˈɪndeks] 为(书等)编索引

【例】[n] 指标

2016 年阅读Text 1

Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.

参考译文：在该项法规下，雇佣一名未能达到政府规定的体重指数的时装模特，将会处以85000美元罚款和六个月监禁。

hitherto

词频 ★★☆☆☆

adv. [ˌhɪðə(r)ˈtuː] 到目前为止；迄今；至今

【例】[adv] 迄今

2011 年阅读Text 1

As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.

参考译文：但对于一个迄今一直由像古斯塔夫·马勒和皮埃尔·布列兹那样的音乐家指挥的乐团来说，这样描述其下一任指挥者，至少对《时代周刊》的某些读者而言，可能显得有些轻描淡写。

impulse

词频 ★★☆☆☆

n. [ˈɪmpʌls] 一时兴起的念头；冲动；脉冲

adj. [ˈɪmpʌls] 一时兴起的；随兴的

v. [ˈɪmpʌls] 推动

【例】[n] 冲动

2012 年翻译

In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything—a single generative equation for all we see.

参考译文：在物理学上，有一种方法将这种追求统一性的冲动发挥到了极致，并寻求一个万能的理论，即一个能解释我们一切所见的通用公式。

indulge

词频 ★★☆☆☆

v. [ɪnˈdʌldʒ] 迁就；纵容

【例】[v] 纵容

2014 年阅读Text 1

To which of the following would the author most probably agree?

[A] The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.

[B] Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.

[C] The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.

[D] Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.

参考译文：作者最有可能认同下面哪一项？

[A] 英国的福利制度助长了求职者的懒惰。

[B] 奥斯本的改革将降低失业风险。

[C] 求职者救济金满足了他们的实际需求。

[D] 失业福利不应附加条件。

inquiry

词频 ★★☆☆☆

n. [ɪnˈkwaɪəri] 调查；询问；查询；打听

【例】[n] 调查；询问

2014 年阅读Text 4

Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive”, or left-liberal propaganda.

参考译文：令人遗憾的是，昔日国内校园中常见的求知精神已不复存在，取而代之的是将人文学科与社会科学作为宣传“改革论”或“左翼自由”的工具。

lean

词频 ★★☆☆☆

v. [liːn] (使)倚；(使)靠；(身体)倾斜

adj. [liːn] 清瘦的；萧条的；简洁的；精干的

【例】[v] (使)倚；(使)靠

2011 年阅读Text 4

No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.

参考译文：这并不奇怪，想想看，一个人养孩子而没有伴侣可以依靠需要做多少工作。可是，你听听桑德拉和布兰妮说的：自己“一个人”养孩子是小菜一碟(当然了，她们有全天候的帮手)。

resident

词频 ★★☆☆☆

adj. [ˈrezɪd(ə)nt] (在某地)居住的；定居的

n. [ˈrezɪd(ə)nt] 居民；居住者

形近词：resistant, resistance

形近词

resistant

[rɪˈzɪst(ə)nt] adj. 有抵抗力的；抵抗的；反对的

[rɪˈzɪst(ə)nt] n. 抵抗者；有抵抗力的东西

resistance [rɪˈzɪst(ə)ns]

n. 抵抗；阻力；抗力；电阻

revolutionary

词频 ★★☆☆☆

adj. [ˌrevəˈluːʃ(ə)n(ə)ri] 革命的；革命性的；突破性的；发生重大变革的

【例】[adj] 革命的

2014 年阅读新题型

Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions.

参考译文：贝多芬在音乐领域的价值主要在于其作品的革命性。

latter

词频 ★★☆☆☆

adj. [ˈlætə(r)] 后者的，后面的；近来的，最近的

pron. [ˈlætə(r)] 两者之间的后者

形近词：late, later, isolate

形近词

late [leɪt]

adj. (时间上)接近终了；临近末了；晚；迟

【例】[adj] (时间上)接近终了；临近末了

2011 年阅读新题型

Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969 a third of American professors did not possess one.

参考译文：专业化已经使获得博士学位成为学术生涯成功的先决条件。直到1969年，有三分之一的美国教授仍然没有博士学位。

later

[ˈleɪtə(r)] adj. 后来的；以后

[ˈleɪtə(r)] adv. 较晚地；以后

【例】[adv] 以后

2011 年阅读Text 4

Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight”.

参考译文：尽管抚养孩子的日常经历难熬得让人崩溃，詹妮弗·西尼尔写道，“现在让我们情绪低落的事物，正是日后会成为我们强烈的满足感和快乐的源泉”。

isolate [ˈaɪsəleɪt]

v.使隔离；使孤立；隔离

【例】[v] 使隔离

2014 年阅读Text 2

There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.

参考译文：尽管在行业内部存在着变革的压力，但是管理者中反对变革的人坚持认为，不让业外人士进入律师事务所可以使律师远离赚钱的压力，而非在道义上为客户服务的压力。

mankind

词频 ★★☆☆☆

n. [mænˈkaɪnd] 人类

形近词：humankind

【例】[n] 人类

2013 年阅读Text 3

To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to________.

[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources

[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world

[C] draw on our experience from the past

[D] curb our ambition to reshape history

参考译文：为了保证人类的未来，________是至关重要的。

[A] 开发我们星球丰富的资源

[B]采取乐观的世界观

[C] 从过去借鉴经验

[D] 抑制我们重塑历史的野心

形近词

humankind [ˌhjuːmənˈkaɪnd]

n. 人

补充词汇

[同义词]

humanity [hjuːˈmænəti]

n. 人类；人性

【例】[n] 人类

2014 年阅读Text 4

Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda.