【微观解析】off which they both fall into the river还原为一个句子就是：they both fall into the river off the bridge.
【难点揭秘】主语是两个并列的成分识别并列主语是一大难点；
【译文赏析】但当我们先是从解释性注释中得知某诗行讲述了一个土耳其军官和一个保加利亚军官在桥上格斗并双双掉进河里，而后又发现该行诗中只充斥着"扑通，扑通，185公斤重"这类对他们落水时的声音以及对军官们体重的描写时，我们不免感到困惑不安。
【翻译点拨】先把两个比较长的主语单独译成两个句子，再翻译剩下的部分，打破英语中的句子限定，单独成句是很重要的翻译技巧，简单讲就是哪个部分太长就尽量的单独翻译。

21. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon.com, and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers.

【词汇突破】interactivity 互动性
                    hospitality 友好性
                    security 安全性

【主干识别】The examples show that…+宾语从句；主谓宾结构
【其他成分】of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon.com, and other pioneers作example的同位语；我们把其看作为：A of B 的结构，A为上义词，B 为下义词，这样在翻译的处理中我们不需要生硬的翻译为“……的例子”；a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers.宾语从句
【微观解析】 selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security现在分词短语修饰a web site; 宾语从句主干为：a Web site will attract online customers.
【难点揭秘】由于出现并列使得主语和谓语之间出现了较长的修饰，产生隔离，在宾语从句的后置定语中也出现并列产生隔离，这样了产生了隔离。
【译文赏析】像Virtual Vineyards，Amazon．com这样的先驱网站表明，一个将交互性、服务性和安全性合理结合，且销售正确产品的网站是可以吸引来网上客户的。
【翻译点拨】宾语从句单独成句; 在翻译example of…的时候翻译为“像……”。

22.They gather all the data they can, not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers.

【词汇突破】statistics 数据
                   写作过程中可以使用固定词组：statistics and details
                   achievers获得成功的人

【主干识别】They gather all the data. 主谓宾结构。
【其他成分】they can 的完整表达为：that they can gather ; 出于简洁的考虑省掉了that 和gather；not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers整个部分是data 的同位语。
【微观解析】同位语中第一部分是performance statistics and biographical details；第二个部分为the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers，其中with high achievers为定语修饰experiments.
【难点揭秘】同位语部分出现并列现象造成比较冗长产生阅读难点。
【译文赏析】他们尽其所能收集了一切数据，这些数据不仅包括表现数据和传记式资料，而且也包括了那些取得了表现优异者在实验室实验中的实验结果。

补充一些心理学术语：
 biographical characteristics   传记特点
biographical data   传记式资料
biographical inventory   传记式量表
Biographical Inventory for R & T Talent   科研人才甄选传记式量表
biographical inventory tests   传记式问卷测验
biographical method   传记法
biographical study   传记研究
biographical type case study   传记式个案研究

23.During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders meeting, Levin asserted that "music is not the cause of society’s ills "and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.

【词汇突破】verse 歌词，诗句
                   stockholder 股东
                   assert 声称，认为，宣称
                  social ill 社会问题
【主干识别】Levin asserted that +宾语从句and even cited his son. 主谓宾结构
【其他成分】During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders meeting状语；music is not the cause of society’s ills 宾语从句主系表结构；a teacher in the Bronx, New York同位语；who uses rap to communicate with students.定语从句修饰a teacher。
【难点揭秘】并列的动词和同位语构成一定的阅读难点
【译文赏析】在上个月的股东大会上关于摇滚歌词的讨论中，莱文宣称说："音乐不是社会问题的原因"，他甚至还以他的儿子为例。他的儿子是纽约州布朗克斯的一个教师，他儿子正在用说唱音乐与学生们进行沟通。
【翻译点拨】将同位语单独翻译为一个句子是在翻译中的常用手法。

24. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect", a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
【词汇突破】constitutional 宪法的
                   physician-assisted suicide 医生帮助下的自杀
                  permissible 可以被允许的
【主干识别】the Court supported the medical principle of "double effect" 主谓宾结构
【其他成分】Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide状语从句；in effect作状语；a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect整个都是the medical principle of "double effect" 的同位语。
【微观解析】a centuries-old moral principle其后被 holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen--is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. 所修饰。holding that +宾语从句，其中主干为：an action is permissible；having two effects修饰          an action；a good one and a harmful one为two effects的同位语，被that is intended和that is foreseen两个定语从句所修饰；if the actor intends only the good effect为宾语从句的状语。
【难点揭秘】这个句子的复杂就在于同位语的复杂，同位语中有现在分词短语带上宾语从句，在宾语从句中又出现同位语，同位语中又出现定语从句。这样的句子虽然复杂但是还是从最简单的结构一步步搭建出来的。the Court supported the medical principle of "double effect"解释什么叫double effect；“holding that+宾语从句”修饰 double effect；an action having two effects is permissible为宾语从句的主干；a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen 解释什么是two effects；if the actor intends only the good effect 为状语从句。
【译文赏析】尽管最高法院已经裁定出医生帮助下的自杀行为并不受宪法的支持，但最高法院实际上支持了被称为"双重效果"的医疗原则；这个已有几个世纪历史的道德原则认为一个行为可能会有两个效果——— 一个想要达到的好的效果和一个已经预见到的有害的效果。如果行为的实施者想要的只是要好的效果的话，这个行为是被允许的

【翻译点拨】对于同位语的处理我们还是采取了惯用的单独成句的方法，也用到了破折号解释的方法。

25. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century.

【词汇突破】reinforced 加强
                   introduction 引入和制定
                  refereeing 推荐制度
                  journal 期刊

【主干识别】The overall result has been to make entrance harder.主谓宾宾补的结构；entrance to professional geological journals宾语, harder for amateurs 宾补.
【其他成分】to professional geological journals定语修饰entrance；for amateurs状语；a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century作主语result的同位语。
【微观解析】that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing 定语从句修饰a result, by the widespread introduction of refereeing ，为状语by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century 为定语修饰introduction；
【难点揭秘】同位语后面定语从句中状语by和后面定语by的区别。
【译文赏析】这样一来总的结果便是业余爱好者想在专业地质学期刊上发表文章就更难了，而被广泛使用的论文评审推荐制度又进一步强化了这一结果，该种制度先被19世纪的国家级刊物引入，后又在20世纪，又被几家地方级地质学刊物所使用。