浙江工商大学2017年全国顿士研究生入学考试试卷（A）卷考试科目：615综合英语总分：150分考试时间：3小时（所有答案请写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上的无效！）I.Vocabulary & S往ucture ( 30%)Directions:ThereareJOsentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefour wordsoτphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Writeyouranswerson the ANSWERSHEET.1.We should _advertising and ban adverts that target young children, as NorwayandSweden donow.A.advocateB.curbC.promoteD.simulate2.Thereh出beenafundamentalshi抗inyoungwomen’sattitudestowardsiifeandwork.They don’twanttoworkcrazyhourswhiletheirchildrenare.putintonurseriesandtheirrelationshipsunder thestrain.A.disintegrateB.conssummateC.temporizeD‘accomplish3.Youradvicewouldbe一一一v＿aluabletohim,whoisatpresentathiswit’send.A.exceedinglyB.excessivelyC.extensivelyD.exclusively4.ProfessorSmithandProfessorBrownwill一一一一ingivingtheclass lec归res.A.alterB.changeC.alternateD.differ5.Hecouldn’texplaintheproblematall,ashehada(n)knowledgeofthesubject.A.elementaryB.rudimentaryC.inceptive6.HeremindedmeofwhatIshould一一一h＿ave forgotten.D.initialA.moreoverB.otherwiseC.neverthelessD.notwithstanding7.Regularuseofthismoisteningcreamwillhelpt一一一＿therou酬，dryconditionofyourskin.A. abbreviateB.abstractC.evaporateD.alleviate8.TheUnitedStatesandCanadaarelandsof一一卢exceptfortheIndians,whoaretheonly仗时natives.A.immigrantsB. emigrants9.Theteacherwas一一一一＿ofhisduty.A.neglectB.neglectfulC.dwellersD.inhabitantsC.negligentD.negligibleI0.Therainwasheavyand一一一一thelandwasflooded.第1页，共13页（答案写在答题纸上写在试卷上无效〉A.consequentlyB.continuouslyC.consistentlyD.constantly11.Thehighschoolmysonstudiesinis一一一一＿ouruniversity.A.linkedbyB. relevanttoC. mingledwithD. affiliatedwith12.Manymanu位.cturers认1ereaccusedofconcentratingtooheavilyoncostreduction,ot王enat the一一一＿ofthequali句foftheirproducts.A.expansionB.exposureC.expenseD.expectation13.Ithinkshehurtmyfeelings一一一一＿ratherthanbyaccidentassheclaimed.A.virtuallyB.deliberatelyC.literallyD.appropriately14.The accident 一 一一一 him of his sight and the use of hislegs.A.excludedB.disabledC.deprivedD.gripped15.Hedidn’tnoticemeinthecrowd;buthespo出dmysisterwhow出一一一一＿becauseofherredhair.A.consciousB.conspicuousCdimD.conscientious16.Youmustinsistthatstudentsgiveatruthfulanswer一一一一喃withtherealityoftheirworld.A.relevantB.simultaneousC.consistentD.practical J7.Shesomesaltonherfoodtomakeittastebe仗时．A .sprinkledB.sprayedC.scatteredD.dispersed18.Theresultisthat，一一一＿Englishclasses,Americanchildrenareg忧ingacoursein“Howto WinFriendsandInfluencePeople’＼A.in placeofB. in the place ofC. in a placeofD.replacing19.Thewealthofacount巧’shouidbemeasured→一一＿_thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleas wellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.A.in linewithB. in termsofC. in regardwith20.Blackpeoplearebynomeans一一＿whitepeople.D.by meansofA.inferioroverB. moreinferiorthanC. inferiortoD. more inferiorto21.一一一一一 the invention of the steam engine, most forms of transport werehorse-drawn.A.In regardtoB. In additiontoC. IncontrastD. Priorto22.Ateighto’clockshelaid一一一＿whatevershewasdoingtotellthechildrenastorγbeforethey went tobed.A.awayB.offC. outofD.aside23.TheMinisterofFinanceisbeiieved一一＿ofimposingnewtaxestoraiseextrarevenue.A.that he is to thinkB. tothinkC. that he is thinkingD. to bethinking24.InChinatheSouthgenerallyreceivesmoresunshinethan一←一一一＿theNorth.A.doesB. itdoesC. doesitD. it doesin25.Advertisingmedialike direct mail, radio, televisionand newspapersto increasethesales of industrialproducts.A.have beenusedB. will beusedC. is beingusedD. has beenused26.一←→policymakersstruggletodefine andimplementappropriatelegislation,developmentofthe most destructive kind has continued over vastareas.A.As longasB.AsC.EvenD.While27.一一一一＿bothsidesaccepttheagreement一一一一＿alastingpeacebeestablishedinthisreg10n.第2页，共13页（答案写在答题纸上写在试卷上无效）A.Only if,willC. Should,willB. Ifonly,wouldD. Unless,would28., many people still vote against the use of the deathpenalty.A.However some crimes areinexcusableB. However are some crimesinexcusableC. However inexcusable some crimesareD. Some crimes are howeverinexcusable29.IhaveneverbeentoShanghai,butit’stheplace一·A.where I'd like tovisitC. in which I'd like tovisitB. I most want to visitD. that I want to visit itmost30.Ifyouthe bus,wetheir concert in the theatrenow.A.miss...are enoyingC. had not missed ...would beenjoyingB.didn’tmiss...areenjoyingD. had not missed ...wereenjoyingII.Reading Comprehension(50%)D飞1.rections:Readthefol/owing5passagescarefully,andchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion fromthefourchokesgiven.!,V,riteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.PassageAStarbucks CEO HowardSchultz has made no bones about his ambitionin Chinato haveone new Starbucks every day in China for the next fiveyears.认lhatSchultzisalsocandidabout,asabusinessman,ishowhisambitionisgoingtobe realizedthroughemployees,orinthelanguageofStarbucks，“partners”．“Starbucks哼unlikemosttraditionalconsumerbrands,hasnotbuiltthecompanybytraditional advertising.Thebrandhasbeendefinedbyexperience,andthatexperienceisdefinedbyourpeoplepartnerswearinggreeηaprons，”SchultztoldChinaDa妙，duringhislatesttriptoShanghaiin lateOctober.StarbucksenjoysgreatsuccessinChinamorethan2,400storesinover110cities throughoutthepast17yearsandsupportedbyover34,000employees.ThecoffeesceneofChina, theworld’spotentiallylargestconsumermarketforthebeverage,h出alsobeenradicallychanged. Backin1999whenthecompanyfirstenteredtheChinesemainlandmarket,therewasbarelyany competitorandfewconsumerscouldtellthedifferencebetweenalatteandamocha.Now,likemanyotherindustries,Chinaisnotonlyafastrisingconsumerofthebeverage,butalso increasinglycatchingupwiththetrendsandhappenings.Specialtycoffeeisthemostrecentcase. “Whatwebelieve，出acompany,isthatChinawillonedayprobablysu叩出sthesizeandscaleof ourbusinessintheUS，＇’saidSchultz.ConsultancyfirmEuromonitorestimatedthatStarbuckshada73.3percentmarketsharein Chinain2015,comparedtoMcCafe’s(runbyMcDonald’s)9.3percentandCostaCoffee’s9 percent.“Any company that sells coffee can be a competito卫 Not with anya汀ogance,butwehavealways triedtofocus on ourselvesand thingswecan control.Andif we do that well,we willtakecareofthecompetition，”saidSchultz.WhenaskedifhethinkstheChinesecoffeemarketwouldbeanydifferentifitwerenot Starbuckswhichenteredthecountrybackin1999,hepausedandsaidhedoesn’tthinkanyother companywouldhavebeenabletosolidifythepositionthatStarbuckshas，“becauseIthinkwehave done it in the rightway”，SchultzsaidhebelievesthatthekeygrowthdriverforStarbucksinChinawillstillbe traditionalstores,despitethemarket’skeeninterestinnewpremiumretailspacestheStarbucks ReserveandStarbucksRoastery.31.The phrase “made no bones about" (para. I) most likely means一一一一一··A.to have somethingimportantB.to build somethingspecialC.not to t叩to hidesomethingD.not to try to showsomething32.According to Schul位，what is especially important in realizing his ambition and buildtheStarbucks?A.Partners wearing blackapronsB.EmployeesC.AdvertisingD.Financial suppo吃S33.Which of the following st创ements is NOTtrue?A.Starbucks first entered China mainland in1990s.B.StarbuckshasmadegreatsuccessinChinabutisdifficulttosolidifyitsposition.C.China is one of the largest consumer markets for the beverage in theworld.D.It was estimated that Starbucks had the much bigger market share thanMcCafe.34.Which of the following statements CANNOT be inferred from thepassage?A.Chinese people like e 飞Joying Starbuckscoffee.B.Nowadays, many consumers can distinguish a latte and amocha.C.The traditional Starbucks stores will be difficult tosurvive.D.Nowaday飞 there are many competitors ofStarbucks.35.The best title of this passage is一一一一一’A.Starbucks Brews up Big ExpansionPlansB.Starbucks inChinaC.Starbucks’SuccessinChinaD.Starbucks’DevelopmentinChinaPassageBOntheoccasionofInternationalWomen'sDay,wecelebrateworldwidethecontributionof womentothedevelopmentofoursocieties.However,asunderlinedbythisyear’sWomen’sDay’s motto，“Inspirechange气womenandgirlsaroundtheworldcontinuetoexperiencediscrimination andviolenceintheireverydaylives:thismustchange.Discrimination and violence against women is a global scourge. In the absence ofeffectiveremedy, acts of violence against women far too often remainunpunished.Accordingtoa 2013global review, 35 percent of women worldwide experienced violence. Europe and China arenoexception.Knowingandrecognizing this realityis the first step in addressingthe problem.Violenceagainstwomenviolatesfundamentalrights.Toooften,it is wronglyperceivedasa“private”issueorcondemnedongroundsoftradition.However,apartfromseriousconsequencesfor the health of victims, such as the spread of HIV and unwanted pregnancies, violenceagainstwomen and girls also entails significant negative consequences and economiccosts.Furthermore,thetransmissionofanexperienceofviolencetothenextgenerationmaycontributetosocialinstability.Violenceagainstwomenandgirlsisanobstacletodevelopment.Thus the public interest to act should be high, for the sake of building a prosperous society onthebasis of equality and the rule oflaw.While the experience of violence affects women of all social backgrounds, thespecificsituations of particularly vulnerable groups and individuals should be addressed 出 a matterofpriority.Thereisnouniformsolutiontoaddressingviolenceagainstwomennortoendingimpunity. IntheEuropeanUnion,countrieshaveadoptedavarietyofapproaches,includingawareness raisingthroµgheducationandcampaigns,capaci1ytrainingforjudgesandpolice,and strengtheningthecriminal,civilandadministrativelegalframework,includingthrougheviction ordersagainstpe叩etrators.Amongthesepolicies,women’sawarenessoftheirownrights,and supportforthemtoreportcasesremainsakeyfactorforprogress.InChina,genderequalityisenshrinedintheConstitution.Women’sorganizations,suchastheAllChinaWomen’sFederationas飞ellasveryactivegrassrootsNGOs,contributetothe improvementoftheconditionofwomen.Thedra位lawonfamilyviolencecurrentlyunderdiscussionattheannualsessionofthe NationalPeople’sCongressisconsideredbystakeholdersahistoricopportunitytotackletheissue inaholisticmannerbycoveringthequalityandavailabilityofsupportservicessuchasshelters, legalaidandmedicalservices,andimprovingtheawarenessandcapacityofjudges,prosecutors,police and lawyers. Once adopted and implemented , it could set anewstandardforsimilarendeavors elsewhere.As globalplayers,ChinaandtheEUarealso阅lledupontofmtherupgradetheireffortsto contributetotheeliminationofviolenceagainstwomeninotherpartsoftheworld.Withthe adoptionin2008ofitsGuidelinesonViolenceagainstWomenandGirlstheEUhasmadethisa priorityofitshumanrightswmkinregardtothirdcountries.Sadly, there is a great need to intensify cooperation to combat sexual violence inconflictsituations. Women also need to be able to contribute morefullytopeaceeffortsand nationbuilding.Letus,today,strengthenourresolveandjoinforceswiththeUNsecretarygeneral’sVNiTEto End Violence against Women campaign. Let us not aim low. Our goal must be that womenandgirlseverywherecanfullyrealizetheirrighttoalifefreeofviolenceandcandosonow.Ourcommon goal must be to change and to inspirechange.36.Inthefirstparagraph，‘吐出”referst一一一一·A.development of everydaylifeB.inspiringchangeC. discriminationand violenceagainstwomenD. contribution of women to oursocieties37.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,wecaninferthat一一一一一－A.women in France never experiencediscriminationB.women in Beijing never encounterviolenceC.all acts of violence are legally punished in Europe andChinaD.discrimination and violence are foundeverywhere38.In the European Union, to address violence against women, many countries haveadoptedapproaches EXCEPT一一一一一一·A.finding jobs for particularly vulnerableindividualsB.raisingwomen’sawarenessoftheirrightsthrougheducationandcampaignsC.capacity training for judges and policeD.strengthening the criminal, civil and administrative legalframework39.NowtheNationalPeople’sCongressisdiscussing一一一一·A.a historicopportunityB.legal aid and medicalservicesC.the draft law on familyviolenceD.the capacity ofjudges40.Inthelastparagraph,"Letusnota如1low”mostprobablymeans一一一一一一·A.we should also consider women and girls in the northern part of theworldB.weshouldworkhardtofullyguaranteethesafetyforeverygirlandwomanintheworldC.we should pay more attention to women and girls in poorernationsD.we should eliminate violence and discrimination in Europe andChina
PassageCFrom ancient to modern times, building or buying a house has been a bigissueformostfamilies. People hold different views on housing, and there is no right or wrong. Confucius,thefounder of Confucianism,hadhis own special view on housing.Let’sseeifitcanstillbeusefultoustoday.1.Con且1cius’incomew臼sufficienttobuyahouseConfucius’incomecamefromtwoparts,onepartwasfromasalary,andtheothertuition fromhisstudents.Confuciushelddifierentjobsasawarehousekeeper,anaccounta时，acashier andanofficialmanagingapasturewhoalwaysdidanexcellentjobineveryposition.When he was 56 years oid, Confucius was the head of thesupreme judicialcou口in the LuState, with a revenue of 90,000 kilograms of millet,whichequals to an annualincomeofmillionsof yuantoday.Besides,there 叭＇erealso some benefitslikebarbecuemeat whenthe monarchmadeasacrifice.Confucius was a pioneer in opening a privateschool.Hehad3,000disciples.He oncesaidthat bringing a piece of preserved meat would allowsomeone tobecomehisstudent. Thistuitionwas not small, as meat was a luxury in ancienttimes.Confucius always lost his public employment so tuition became his main source ofincome.Among Confucius' students, some were very poor like Yan Hui and some were quite rich likeZiGong,whowaswillingtopayforalmostallthedailyexpensesforConfucius.Throughout Confucius' whole l ife, especially after he rose to fame, he was never troubledbymoney and had enough financialpower to buy ahouse.2.Confuci邸’demandsonhislivingenvironmentYanHuiwasConfucius'favoritedisciple,andhecamefromthemeanstreets,orwhatwewould call a slum today. Despite his humble background, Confucius valued Yan Hui and gavehimhighpraise.Once Confuciussaid he wantedtol iveina remote,ruralarea, andsomesaid,conditionstherearetoopoo几how canyoulive？”Confuciusreplied，“Ifoneisagentlemanwho livesthere,whatdoconditionshavetodowithanything？”Confuciusheldtheviewthatwhethera personisagentlemanornot,hasnothingtodowithwhetherhislivingenvironmentisluxuriousorsimple.Confuciusdidn’tcareabouthisneighborhood,butW出moreconcernedaboutthe environmentonalargerscale.Headvisedagainstemigratingtowarringcountries,andifchaos occurredinacount叩，togetawayfromthecountryassoonaspossible.3.Con如cius on quality of housing andmaterialsConfuciussaid，“Pursuingwealthisagoodthing,ifthewayofmakingmoneyisprope几Icanevenbeacarriagedriver.Evenifonecan’tberich,onecanstillfollowhishobbies”．WhenConfuciuswasworkingasanofficial,heJivedinabigmansionwhichhadastable. Oncehisstablewasonfire,hefirstaskedifanyonewashurt,anddidn’taskhowthehorseswere.Confucius'viewonbuildingmaterialscanbeseenfromhiscriticalwordstoZaiYu,whosaid thatrotten飞＇oodcan’tbeusedtocarveanddunganddi口can’tbeusedtoconstructawall.Confucius often quit his official position and moved out of the luxurious house themonarchofferedhim.Heheldtheviewthatpeoplewhogetusedtolivingingoodhouseseasilybecomeproudandonlypeoplelivinginordinaiγhousescanstaydowntoearthandhonest.4.How can we apply Confuch邸’ thinking on housingtoday?Ingeneral,Confucius'viewsonhousingcanbesummarizedas:(1)Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouhaveprope此yornot,whatmattersmoreisifyour aspirationcanberealized.Realestatecanbesacrificedforthesakeofanideal.(2)Itdoesn’tma忧erwhetherthehouseisgoodornot,buttheneighbors’moralconductmatters,(3)Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherthehouseanditsmaterialsanddecorisofgoodqualityornot. It’swhetherthepeoplelivinginsidebehaveinaccordancewithetiquetteihatreallyma忧ers.Confucius' view on housing still has much influence on individual virtue cultivationtoday,whichinstructsustopaymoreattentiontoourmoralityinsteadofbeingtoomaterialistic.However, the reality is that pursuing a better house or better living environment is stillimportantfor most people. Perhaps what we can take away from Confucius is that a betterculturalenvironmentisasimportantasabetterlivingenvironment.41.According to the passage, what did Confuci us do EXCEPT一一？A.a teacherB. a warehousekeeperC. anaccountantD. adoctor42.The word “etiquette" in the last paragraph but one most probably means 一一·A.teaching in theschoolB.rules andregulationsC.the formal rules of proper (social)behaviorD.the kindheart43.Which of the following statements is NOTcorrect?A.Confucius is notpoor.B.Confuciusdidn’tcareaboutthelivingenvironment.C.Confucius preferred to Jive in ordinaryhouses.D.Confuci us had a lot ofdisciples.44.WhatcanweinferfromConfucius’saying“Pursuingwealthisagoodthing,ifthewayof m战ingmoneyisprope民lcanevenbeacarriagedriver.Evenifonecan’tberich,onecanstill followhishobbies”？A.Pursuing wealth is not the most importantthing.B.A carriage driver was not sohappy.C.Being rich can help us pursue somethingimportant.D.People who can make money properly can be veryrich.45.The best title of the passage is一一一一·A.Culture Insider: What did Confucius Say AboutHousing?B.Living in a Better CulturalEnvironmentC. Confucius'Viewonthe LivingEnvironmentD. Housing: A ncient and ModemMobike and ofo are major providers of the service, which is very popularar口ong youngurbanites. Hu Weiwei. is a firm believer that bike riding canbeused部 aneffectivegauge tome出urethequalityofurban life.“If a cityis bikefriendly,thatmeansit hasgood-qualityair, well-designedroads andplentyof big tall trees to make people feel safe and comfortable to travel on two-wheel vehicles,"shesaid,addingthatinasense,ahappy urbanlifecannotexistwithoutbikes.Basedonthisidea,Hu’sbike-sharingst衍旬1pMobikeaimstomakecitiesinChina,nowtheworld’slargestautomobilemarket,movetobikes,anditseemsthatithasachanceofge忧ingits wayasagrowingnumberofventurecapitalfirmshavepouredincashtosupporttheeffort.Since August, the Beijing-based Mobike, which allows people to use anapptolocateandborrowavailablebikesnearby,haslandedfourroundsoffinancing,totalinghundredsofmillionsofdollars.But its record is not unique, as its cross-townrival,anotherbike-sharingstartupnamed ofo,hasalsopulledofffundraisingfourtimessinceAugust.AccordingtoareportfromBloomberg,ofo is valuedat $500 million,an unusuallylarge size for a companythatis just2 yearsold.On average, every 15 days, these fim1s get new money from new investors. An aηayofbig-name companies, including Didi Chuxing, Xiaomi Corp and Tencent Holdings Ltd, havegivenmoneyandevenotherresourcestobankrollthedevelopmentofthebike-on-demandindustrγinChina.ForHu,thefounderofMobike,theinvestmenthasnotcomefromnowhere.“Peoplehavealwayshadthedemandtousebikesforshort-distancetraveloflessthan5kilometers.Withthe developmentofmobileinternettechnology,wecannowmakethathappen，’＇shesaid.Many cities in China have government-run bike-rental programs, but Mobike and ofohavemadethingssomucheasierasuserscanborrowandreturnbikes,whichareequippedwithGPS systems, with just a smartphone. No complicated procedure, such as going to a specific locationtopay a deposit, isrequired.NanJiang, a 26-year-olddoctorate student at the Beijing-basedBeihang University,said heisafrequentuserofo旬，whichstartedasacampus-basedprogram,andnowgears uptotakeonmore roads with the war chest providedbyinvestors.“Itisveryconvenientandcheapat0.5y气ian(7cents)perhour·”andmostimportantly,youcanparkitwhereveryouwantafterusingit.Noneedtoreturnittoacertainlocation，’＇he said.Xiao Min, a partner withMatrixPartnersChina,whichieda multimillion-dollar investmentinofoinSeptember,saidinanearlierinterviewthattransportationisaveryhigh-frequencyservice, which has the potential to create a market with a big transactionvolume.\lVhileride-hailingservicesmeetpeople’sdemandformid-to-longdistancetravel,thereisa hugedemandforshort-distancetravel,whichhasnotbeenmet."Forexample,alargenumberofwhite-collarworkersinBeijingandShanghaiusepublic transportationeveryday,whichmeansthereisdemandtocommutefromtheirofficebuildingsor apartmentstothenearestbusstationorsubwaystation.Andthereisnobettersolutionforthisthan bikes，’＇hesaid.According to a recent repo时 from Roland Berger, the ride-hailing and car-rentalmarketcombined creates a market that is estimated to be valued at 1.8 trillion 严1an in2018.Raymond Wang, partner with Roland Berger China, estimated bike sharing isamultibillion-yuan market in China, and the bike-sharing model will be adopted mostly inurbanareas.“Thetopchallengeofbikesharingisthebusinessmodelandprofitability.认Tillitmakemoneyfromrental,advertisingorsubsidiesfromthegovernment？”hesaid,addinginhisopinion thatrentalisthemostfeasiblemodelforbike-on-demandcompaniestomakemoney.However,forHu,beingprofitableisnotthesubjecton hermindyet."[fyourproducthas valueandiswidelyused,itwillbeprofitablesoonerorlater.Forus,atthisstage,howtocreate valueiswhatma饥ersmost，’＇shesaid.“Thebike-rentalwarhas juststarted. 认leallknowthattherewillbeonlyone playerleftinthebattlefieldattheend.Butatthisstage,competitionisgood torapidlyboostthesizeofthe market，’＇saidofoinvestorXiao.46.What does the phrase “pull off ' most probablymean?A.to succeedinB. to lookforC. togatherD. toinvest47.When using Mobike, how can people borrowbikes?A.byapp.C. bycardB. byphoningD. by paying ahead48.Which of the following statements is NOTcorrect?A.OfoandMobikeareveryconvenientforshort同distancetravel.B.According to Hu, at this stage creating value from bike-sharing is the su均ect on hermind.C.People must pay when using Mobike orofo.D.People must re阳rn the bike to certain places after usingMobike.49.What does the word “bankroll 忡 most probablymean?B. to lend money forD. to find moneyfor50.Which of the following statements or phrases can best summarize thepassage?A.Bike-sharing is a growthvehicle.B. Mobike andofoC. Anewway of short-distancetravelD. Bike-friendly citiesPassageEAn early study of forms in cettain languages used by speakers of one sex and not the otherisMary Haas (1944/1964). She found that in Koasati, a native American language spoken inwesternLouisiana,therewereseveralsystematicdifferencesbetweenmen’sandwomen’sversionsoftheindicativeand imperative verbalparadigms.Ha臼 presents these differencesin the form of rulesderivingthemen’sformsfromthewomen’s.In addition to her description of Koasati in this connection, Haas went on to review what飞:vasknown at the time about the phenomenon in other languages. Besides cases where the sex ofthespeakerdeterminestheform,there areotherc出eswherethesexoftheaddres.eeisadeterminingfactor, although these languages ar巳 even less common than the Koasati type. Rarer stillarelanguages where the sex of both the speaker and the hearer is important. For example, awomanmight use a different form when she is talking to another woman compared with whenshe istalking to a man, while a man might use a third forr口，meaning the same thing as the firsttwo,regardless of to whom he istalking.Verb morphology in the second-person singular is even more sensitive to sex.Thereisonefonn used by either men or women when they are talking to men. 孔吁1en women areaddressed,there are two separate forms depending on the sex of the speaker. A man would usea differentform to a woman from what a woman would use to another woman.DouglasTaylor(1951)providesanotherexample,thisonefromIslanclCaribfromthe Caribbeannation,Dominica.InthisIan伊age,thereisatendency(apparentlyreceding)formento usethenamesofqualities,states,andactionsasiftheycarriedfrmjn11egenderwhilewomentreat themlikemascu/jnegendernouns.Theexpression‘theotherday’，for example,would忱地方a bugaifawomansaysit,buttugurabugaifspokenbyaman.Interestingly,Taylorreportsthat‘perhapsaminorityofmen’regularlyusefeminineformsfor non-concretenouns,butthat‘allwomenresorttothistrick'whentheyare quotingconversationsbetweenmen.HaasmentionsthatinKoasatinarratives,womenusemen’sformstoquotemalecharactersandmenusewomen‘s formsforquotingfemalecharacters.51.Which of the verb forms is imperative in the followingsentences?A.Comehere!B. He comeshere!C. Does he comehere?D. He camehere.52.AccordingtoH础5’review,whatdeterminesthelanguagefo口n?A.th巳 sex of thespeakerB.the sex of theaddresseeC.the sex of either the speaker or theaddresseeD.none53.飞叽1ichofthefollowingcasescanindicate“verbmorphologyinthesecond-personsingularis evenmoresensitivetosex”？A.When women are addressed, either men or women use oneform.B.When women are addressed, the sex of the speaker cannot determine theform.C.When men are addressed, men or women use differentforms.D.When women are addressed, a male speaker can use a different form from what a femalespeaker woulduse.54.What does “receding” in the last paragraph probablymean?A.becomingweakerC. becomingstronger55.＼＼而atisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Verb morphology in somelanguagesC.Men’sandwomen’slanguageformsB.goingoutD. goingupB. Masculjne and femininegenderD. Genderdeterminations第10页，共13页（答案写在答题纸上写在试卷上无效），III.Rhetorical Knowledge(30%)Dir也1共tions工：Thereare15sentences,eachofwhichhasafigureofspeech,andthere缸它fourkinds offiguremarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestoneandwriteyouranswerson位wANSWER SHEET.56.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some f与w to be chewed anddigested.A.paradoxB.oxymoronC. synesthesiaD.zeug:tηa57.Napoleonwasastonished.“Eitheryouaremad,orIam”，hedeclared.“Both,sir！”criedthe Swedeproudly.
A.ironyB.punC.euphemism1.consonance58.When I told our father about this, his heartburst.A.personificationB.synecdoche59.The pen is mightier than thesword.A.allusionB.metonymyC.anecdoteD.hyperboleC.ironyD.s严1ecdoche60.The project is an economic albatross from thestart.A. simileB. punC.allusion6 J . No light, but rather darknessvisible.D.metaphorA.synecdocheB.oxymoronC.antithesisD.zeugma62.A friend in need is a friend to beavoided.A.parodyB.punC.simileI).metapho;63.The child is the father to theman.A.paradoxB.metonymyC.alliterationD.hyperbole64.Give me liberty, or give medeath.A.referenceB. personificationC.zeugmaD.antithesis65.She opened the door and her heart to the homelessboy.A.punB.simileC.zeugmaD.hyperbole66.She brought me into touch with everything that could be reached orfelt一·sunlight,therustling of silk, the noises of insects, the creaking of a door, the voice of a lovedone.A.rhymeB.consonanceC.metaphorD.onomatopoeia67.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in themorning.A.allusionB.sarcasmC.ironyD.synecdoche68.No one can be pe1fectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral;noone can beperfectly.A.bathosB.exaggerationC.parailelismD.reference69.How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle,success, andsadness.A.alliterationB.epiphanyC.schemataD.analogy70.Mark Twain is a mirror ofAmerica.A.metonymyB.synecdoch巳C.simil巳D.metaphorDirections:Thefollowingp部'SagecontainsTENerrors.Eachindicatedlinecontainsamaximw:η ofONEERR.ORONLY.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowingway. Copytherelevantpart(aword,aphr.出eorasenten臼whereanerroris)ontheANSWERSHEET atfirst,andfora空阜旦且word,underlineitandwritethecorrectone.如ra!!J主i主;.iJ1gword,markthe positionofthemissingwordwitha“＇／＼＂signandwritethewordyoubelievetobemissing,如r韶 山nec:essarvword,crossitwithaslash“尸.Then,writeyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.managedtolivewithit.Moderningenuityhaschangedthis.Eitherman will abolish wa巳 then war will abolish man. For the present,itis,nuclearweaponsthattheycausethemostseriousdanger,butbacteriaor chemicalweaponsmay, beforelong，自eran even greater threat.If we succeed in abolishing nuclear weapons, our work willnotbe done. It will never be done when we have succeeded inabolishingwar. To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look uponinternational·questions in a new way, not 出contests of force, in which thevictory:goes to the side whichis most skillful in killing people,but by,arbitrationin accordance to agreed principlesof law. It is not ea可There are those who say that the adoption of this or thatideology’would prevent war. I bel ieve this to be a big eηor. Allideologysare,basedupon dogmaticstatements that are, at best, doubtful, andat:better,totallyfalse. Their adherents believein them so fanatically that, theyarewillingtogotowarinprotestofthem.that negotiations should reach agreements even bothsides do notfindthese agreements wholly satisfactory. It has begun to be understood thattheimportantconflictnowadaysis not betweendifferentcountries,•but between man and the atombomb.V.Cloze(20%)Dir思地tons:Inthe岛llowingpassage,thereare20blanks.ChooseonefromthefourchoicesA,B,C,andD,andmake役1emeaningcomplete.WritetheanswersontheANSUlERSHEET.Inthep臼t白的years,Americansocietyhaschangedagreatdeal.Fi负yyearsa肘，most Americanslivedinsmall一＿81一一.They一＿82一一m＿ovedfromoneareatoanotherand knewtheirneighborsatleastbynameifnotbyclose,personal一＿83，一一＿.Lifewassopersonalinthosedaysthatpeopleoftenjokedaboutit.Theysaidthatapersoncouldnotevenstay home一一＿84_churchonSundaywithoutthewholetownknowingaboutit.Itwasdifficultto have一＿85一＿inasmallcommunitylikethat,buttherewasusuallya(n）一＿86一＿of securi纱，ofbelonging,andofcommunity一一＿87一一insuchplaces.一一＿88一＿churchandthe localmovietheater,therew臼notmuchinthe一＿89一＿ofentertainment.Somepeopledreamedaboutmovingtotheexcitinglifeofthebigcities,butmostpeoplewerehappytolivealltheirlivesinthesamecommunity.Fewpeopleexperiencethistypeof一＿90一一＿relationshiporsenseofcommunityintimacynow. Contemporary American society is much more transient now; people often movefromneighborhoodto neighborhood,city to city, andcoast to c但t.It is _91_ to findpeoplewhohavelivedalltheirJivesinonecommunity.Becausepeoplemoveso一一一92一一一’theydonothaveachancetogett。一一＿93一＿theirneighbors.Perhapsthisisalso一一＿94一一－Americans一＿95一一.tohaveamore一＿96一一＿attitudeaboutfriendshipsthanpeople合om someothercultures.Americansare一＿97一＿toleavingfriendsandmakingnewfriends.This transiencecontributestoa(n）一一＿98一一＿ofbeingpartofaveryimpersonalsocie妙inwhich peoplehavelostthe一一＿99一一＿ofsayinghellotopeoplethey一一一I00_onthestreetorinthehallwaysoftheirapartmentbuildings.81.A.farms82.A.never83.A.effect84.A.from85.A.confidenceB.villagesB.alwaysB.influenceB.awayB.affairsC. societyC.oftenC.interactionC.offC.privacyD.communitiesD.rarelyD.touchD.downD.secret86.A.airB.environmentC.senseD.atmosphere87.A.tiesB.bondsC.unionsD.togetherness88.A.ExceptforB. ButforC. In caseofD.Owingto89.A.varietyB.sectorC.fieldD..way90.A.lifelikeB.lifelongC.life-sizeD.lifeline91.A.seldomB.unableC.rareD.unique92.A.rapidlyB.fastc.企equentlyD.quickly93.A.touchB.acknowledgeC.knowO.informed94.A.noma忧erB.whyC.whatD.how95.A.tryB.aptC.likelyD.tend96.A.loyalB.casualC.seriousD.unfaithful97.A.willingB.tendC.accustomedD.possible98.A.situationB.aspectC.meaningD.sense99. A.techniqueJOO.A.walkB.meansB.goC.wayC.passD.habit考研高分咨询罗老师电话/微信：**咨询QQ：**