Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (2×10=20 points) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet. For questions 1 - 7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8 - 10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Airplane Airplane Instruments Modern airplanes are complicated machines. Pilots need many gauges(量表) and electronic aids to help fly them. The flight deck of a large passenger plane contains many indicator dials and warning lights. One of the most important instruments is the altimeter, which tells the pilot how high the plane is off the ground. The air speed indicator measures the plane’s speed. The artificial horizon shows the position of the plane relative to the horizon. The turn and back indicator shows how much, if at all, the plane is turning and tilting. In dense clouds and fog, a pilot would not always know which way the plane is heading if it weren’t for this instrument. A gyrocompass(旋转罗盘)and various radio devices are necessary for navigation. Most large planes also have an automatic pilot. This is a device operated by a computer. It will fly the plane without the pilots touching the controls. These autopilots can even control takeoffs and landings. The flight deck also contains many gauges and meters that tell the pilot whether the many pieces of equipment on the plane are operating properly. They measure fuel level, temperatures, cabin pressure, electric current, etc. Indicators show whether the landing gear is up or down. The radio equipment allows the pilot to talk to ground controllers and to receive navigation signals. Airplane Construction Early airplanes were made of wood frames covered by fabric and held in shape by wire. After World War I, airplane designers started to use lightweight metals like aluminum, titanium, and magnesium alloys. A thin skin of metal was riveted(固定住) into place over metal ribs. Strong epoxy(环氧的) glues are now used for some joints, instead of rivets. As planes grew in size, they became heavier. More powerful engines were developed in order to fly the heavier planes. The use of metals brings with it a problem called metal fatigue. Stress and vibration in flight can cause metal parts eventually to break up. Airplanes must be constantly checked for signs of this trouble. Defective parts must be renewed by aircraft maintenance people. Designers test scale models in wind tunnels before the full sized planes are built. Reactions of the models to high speed air streams give good indications how full sized planes will react in flight. This approach helps save a lot of money. It also helps to make airplanes safe. Airport An airport is a place where airplanes arrive and depart. Passengers leave and arrive on the airplanes and cargo is loaded and unloaded. Large, jet powered airplanes require long runways for takeoffs and landings. Big terminal buildings are necessary to handle thousands of passengers and their baggage. Very large airports usually serve several large cities and cover thousands of acres. Hundreds of planes arrive and depart daily. All this traffic must be carefully controlled to avoid delays and accidents. This is done from a control tower. The tower stands high above the ground. Air traffic controllers, inside the tower, must be able to guide airplanes through their takeoffs and landings. Large airports are often like small cities. Many have post offices, banks, hotels, restaurants, and many kinds of shops. Airports have their own fire and police departments, fuel storage tanks, and repair work shops. Some companies even have their shipping warehouses located at airports. One of the largest airports in the world is in Grapevine, Texas, midway between the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth. This airport covers 7,200 hectares (18,000 acres). Its five terminals can handle the arrivals and departures of 90 jumbo jets at the same time. O’Hare International Airport, in Chicago, is the busiest airport in the world. It handles more than 37 million passengers a year. Small airports that are used only by private airplanes usually cover 20 to 40 hectares (50 to 100 acres). They do not need all the buildings and services of a large airport. The control tower may be just a small room in a building at ground level. Runways Early planes were light. Early runways were sometimes just level grass fields. Paved runways became necessary when airplanes became heavier and faster. Today’s big jet planes weigh hundreds of tons. They move along runways at speeds of 160 kph (100 mph). When they land, the runways take a lot of pounding and must be made of concrete or asphalt(沥青). They must have solid foundations and a surface that prevents skidding. Airplanes take off into the wind in order to get better lift. They also land into the wind to have better control as they slow down. Most airports have runways pointing in different directions. This means that there are always runways on which airplanes can go into the wind as they take off and land. Heavily loaded passenger jets need long runways to gather enough speed to leave the ground. Runways at some large airports are longer than 3,000 m (10,000 ft). At night, bright lights line the runways so that pilots can find them without trouble. A system of flashing guide lights is set up beyond the runway to help pilots land safely. Control Towers People who work in control towers are called air traffic controllers. They direct the movements of all planes on the ground and in the air by keeping track of them on large radar screens. Air traffic controllers tell a pilot, by radio, when and where to taxi or pilot the plane down the runway. Electronic equipment is used to guide airplanes. Long range radar is used to keep track of planes far away from the airport. This radar is called Ground Control Approach (GCA). When the airplane gets within a few miles of the runway, the air traffic controller begins to use Precision Approach Radar (PAR). This allows the controller to guide the airplane to within 0.4 km (0.25mi) of the runway. At that point, the pilot completes the landing. Another electronic aid used in bad weather is the Instrument Landing System (ILS). In this system, radio transmitters located near the runway send guidance signals to the airplane. These signals tell the pilot how to steer the plane for the final approach to the runways. Today, there are also electronic “microwave” landing systems (MLS) that can land the plane fully automatically. Terminal Buildings Terminal buildings vary in size and shape. Most of them are quite large. More than 228 million people fly on the airlines in America every year. Every passenger must pass through terminals. Long, covered walkways lead from the center of some terminals to the gates where airplanes are boarded. At some airports, buses are used to transport passengers to their airplanes. Passengers arriving from another country must pass through customs and passport control. Customs officials check the incoming baggage for taxable items. They also check passengers to be sure no forbidden items are brought into the country. Passport officials check the passports of passengers for personal identification. Passengers are not allowed to bring guns, knives, or other weapons onto a passenger airplane. Before boarding, they must walk through a detector which triggers a special signal if they are carrying anything made of metal. Luggage is also examined for weapons. This is done to ensure the safety of the passengers. 1. The main purpose of this passage is to introduce the history of airplanes. 2. The device of an automatic pilot can usually fly a plane more smoothly than a human pilot. 3. With the help of the radio equipment, pilots are able to communicate with ground controllers. 4. We can tell from the passage that early airplanes are not as solid as modern ones. 5. According to the passage, the busiest airport in the world is in Grapevine, Texas, midway between the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth. 6. The runways should be long and solid enough for the heavily loaded jets. 7. Precision Approach Radar (PAR) is used by air traffic controllers to keep track of airplanes far away from the airport. 8. The planes can be landed fully automatically if the control towers are equipped with ________. 9. After getting off the plane, every passenger arriving from another country must pass through ________. 10. When passengers go through a detector before they board, and anything made of metal is detected, the detector triggers ________. Part II Vocabulary and Structure (1×30=30points) Directions:Choose the best answer you think fit to fill in the gaps of each sentence with the items given. Please write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 11. I hate people who __________ the end of a film that you haven’t seen before. A) reveal C) rewrite B) revise D) reverse 12.He’s watching TV?He’s ________ to be cleaning his room. A) known C) supposed B) regardedD) considered 13. The old couple decided to _________ a boy and a girl though they had three of their own. A) adapt C) bring B) receive D) adopt 14.The newspaper did not mention the ________ of the damage caused by the fire. A) range C) level B) extent D) quantity 15. The soldier was ___________ of running away when the enemy attacked. A) scolded C) charged B) accused D) punished 16. It is useful to be able to predict the extent ______ which a price change will affect supply and demand. A) from C) with B) to D) for 17. Finding a job in such a big company has always been ________ his wildest dreams. A) under C) over B) above D) beyond 18.You see the lightning _________ it happens, but you hear the thunder later. A) the instantC) for an instant B) on the instantD) in an instant 19.The manager lost his __________ just because his secretary was ten minutes late. A) mood C) temper B) mind D) passion 20.Features such as height, weight, and skin color _______ from individual to individual and from face to face. A) change C) vary B) alter D) convert 21.When she nodded, a look of great relief _________his face. A)spread into C)spread through B)spread overD)spread apart 22.One day the mind will be described fully both . A)on biological and mental termsC)on biological and mental term B)in biological and mental termD)in biological and mental terms 23.There is evidence that some kinds of cancers are linked with chemicals _____________ food. A)added to C)added in B)adding to D)adding in 24.Important developments in milk processing and the development of new products mean that dairy foods will be more easily stored, transported, and _____________ to people the world over. A)made ready C)making ready B)making available D)made available 25.On one _________occasion a fire broke out at a beach party, with everyone punching and shoving. A)remembering C)memorable B)forgettable D) memory 26.The coach _________the player on the back and said a few encouraging words. A)hit C)beat B)patted D)blew 27.Studies show that a solid night of sleep improves moods in healthy individuals, but its effects on healthy and depressed people are as different as __________. A)night and dayC)broad daylight B)overnight D)day in, day out 28. The dog’s place in society as a companion and as protection against criminals makes the dog as food. A)impossible C)taboo B)inadequateD)appropriate 29.The Chinese feel they must see a guest off to —down a flight of stairs to the street below or perhaps all the way to the nearest bus stop. A)the far feasible pointC)the farthest feasible point B)the further feasible point D)the farthest point feasible 30. Money may not be the root of all evil, but if it keeps us up at night, it has become in our lives. A)very important C)very unimportant B)way too unimportantD)way too important 31.It is believed that young people buy products impulsively and are _______________than the market as a whole. A)less rationalC)more sensible B)less irrationalD)more sensitive 32.To truly live is to _____________your liberties and decide whatyou intend to do with the short span of years that you are given. A)be in the charge of C)take the charge of B)be in charge with D)take charge of 33. Tim continued to run, _____________ our shouts to him that he should return. A)judging fromC)in addition to B)regardless of D)except from 34.Passengers are kindly ______________not to smoke at the buffet counter. A)requested C)confirmed B)demanded D)suggested 35.During his lifetime, Thomas Edison patented 1093 inventions. Had he stored his money, he would have died ______________. A)a penniless inventor C)a penniless man B)a great inventorD)a wealthy man 36.Some people believe that dreams are total nonsense, merely the result of misfiring of in the brain, while on the other hand, some read great importance into even the simplest of dreams. A)electronic impulsesC)electronic shocks B)electrical impulsesD)electrical shocks 37._____________, I gained even more weight when I stopped eating chocolate. A)Paradoxically C)Ironically B)Fatefully D)Gradually 38.Pets ____________in therapy for the elderly and those who have Alzheimer’s disease or physical disabilities. A)have increasingly usedC)are increasingly being used B)are increasingly usesD)are increasingly using 39. Poor nutrition, cruelty, unhappy relationships, disease, continuing disappointments, and inadequate physical care are among the many experiences that contribute to _______________. A)make people winnersC)making people winners B)making people losers D)make people losers 40.Talking with friends can be relaxing, and listening to fast music can make people energetic or dynamic. According to psychology, these are good ways of ______________________ depression and pressure. A)keeping a distance fromC)staya distanceaway B)making a distance with D)taking a distance out Part III Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）(1.5×20=30 points) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please write down the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 41 to 50 are based on the following passage. | A) cultural B) issue C) question D) difficult E) refuse F) definitely G) swing H) unfit I) identity J) low K) balance L)considerableM) scarcely N) develop O)comfortable |
Growing up as an Asian in Britain is much more than a question of facing discrimination and trying to find a decent job — especially for a girl. She has to keep a delicate __41__between two cultures: her own and the British. Seetha Crishna has written a booklet called Girls of Asian Origin in Britain. In it the girls she is most concerned with are those who are __42__different because they have gone through the British educational system and have therefore emerged with an __43__which is distinct from that of their parents. They speak English with regional English accents, they look __44__in Western clothes, and they so not necessarily choose to work in a factory. But they are unmistakably Asian and they are still held by their Asian __45__roots. At home, theAsian girl may find herself conforming to the traditions and values of her parents, while at school she tends to __46__the attitudes and appetites of her British contemporaries. As a result, Seetha Crishna found girls existing at two levels — and inclined to __47__both. “But unless they can successfully accept both, they will __48__constantly from one level to the other, feeling trapped between the two — at __49__cost to their own confidence and happiness.” For teenage girls, the main __50__is to match the social life which their parents expect them to live with that enjoyed by their schoolmates. Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage One Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage. In times of economic crisis. Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won’t necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same. We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses. By 1932 when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929. But this doesn’t mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn’t afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse could manage alone. Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households. Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes. After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities. A 1940 book, The Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job “with tireless search for work.” He was always active, looking for odd jobs to do. The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain. Across the country, many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale(士气). For some, the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold. Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment. Today’s economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably(无法弥补地) ruined. So it’s only when the economy is healthy again that we’ll begin to see just how many broken families have been created. 51. In the initial stage, the current economic crisis is likely to ________. A) tear many troubled families apart B) contribute to enduring family ties C) bring about a drop in the divorce rate D) cause a lot of conflicts in the family 52. In the Great Depression many unhappy couples chooseto stick together because ________. A) starting a new family would be hard B) they expected things would turn better C) they wanted to better protect their kids D) living separately would be too costly 53. In addition to job losses, what stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce? A) Mounting family debts.B) A sense of insecurity. C) Difficulty in getting a loan.D) Falling housing prices. 54. What will the current economic crisis eventually do to some married couples? A) It will force them to pull their efforts together. B) It will undermine their mutual understanding. C) It will help strengthen their emotional bonds. D) It will irreparably damage their relationship. 55. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A) The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate. B) Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships. C) A stable family is the best protection against poverty. D) Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage. Passage Two Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage. People are being lured (引诱) onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up large amounts of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages. Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they’re paying for Facebook because people don’t really know what their personal data is worth. The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook — you could create your own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things — your city, your photo, your friends’ names — were set, by default (默认) to be shared with everyone on the Internet. According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don’t share information, they have a “less satisfying experience”. Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. Its original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the page, totally failed. Who wants to look at ads when they’re online connecting with their friends? The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator(议员) Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits. I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy is only the beginning, which is why I’m considering deactivating(撤销) my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t know. That’s too high a price to pay. 56. What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph? A) It is a website that sends messages to targeted users. B) It makes money by putting on advertisements. C) It profits by selling its users’ personal data. D) It provides loads of information to its users. 57. What does the author say about most Facebook users? A) They are reluctant to give up their personal information. B) They don’t know their personal data enriches Facebook. C) They don’t identify themselves when using the website. D) They care very little about their personal information. 58. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage? A) To render better service to its users. B) To conform to the Federal guidelines. C) To improve its users’ connectivity. D) To expand its scope of business. 59. Why does Senator Charles Schumer advocate? A) Setting guidelines for advertising on websites. B) Banning the sharing of users’ personal information. C) Formulating regulations for social-networking sites. D) Removing ads from all social-networking sites. 60. Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account? A) He is dissatisfied with its current service. B) He finds many of its users untrustworthy. C) He doesn’t want his personal data abused. D) He is upset by its frequent rule changes. Part IV Cloze (0.5×20=10points) Directions：There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. One of the strongest similarities I have found in all of 61 Americans is the way we treat holidays. We all love holidays. They give us a reason to 62 routine, to celebrate, and to make memories. What holiday gives us a better chance to do all of these things 63 Thanksgivings? Thanksgiving weekend is for most of us the longest,64 interrupted 65 of the year. It is the ideal time for family and friends to come 66 again. It is also the most purely American of all 67 , because it celebrates the setting of our country by the 68 over 350 years ago. For me, Thanksgiving recalls all the things in life that I respond 69 most strongly and70 which Iam truly thankful. There is the simple beauty of the earth and the harvest time. There is the satisfaction that comes 71 the working of the crops. And there is the tradition of the day 72 : the return to my family73 in the green hills of Maryland and Virginia, the delicious food, and the sharing of 74 rituals. For as long as I can remember, my grandparents had a farm in Maryland. Although I don’t visit it often now, it was 75 the center of my life. I was five years old 76 I spent my first Thanksgiving at the farm. I remember the meal: the huge roast turkey, the red cranberry sauce, the wonderful mounds of just-whipped potatoes, and our family favorite pies—pumpkin and apple, fragrant 77 spices. 78 this day we sing for our supper 79 Thanksgiving. We always sing our80 , “We Gather Together.” | 61. | A) them | B) us | C) you | D)me | | 62. | A) forget | B) follow | C) forward | D)do | | 63. | A) before | B) with | C) for | D) than | | 64. | A) least | B) most | C) best | D)shortest | | 65. | A) Thanksgiving | B) Thursday | C) weekend | D)week | | 66. | A) back | B) together | C) out | D) in | | 67. | A) holiday | B) holidays | C) week | D) weekend | | 68. | A) Emigrants | B) Americans | C) Pilgrims | D) Holiday-goers | | 69. | A) at | B) to | C) in | D) with | | 70. | A) to | B) by | C) with | D) for | | 71. | A) with | B) from | C) through | D) by | | 72. | A) here | B)then | C) itself | D) there | | 73. | A)basis | B) homes | C) time | D) place | | 74. | A) holiday | B) daily | C) morning | D) evening | | 75. | A) forever | B) timely | C) also | D) once | | 76. | A) when | B) then | C) whenever | D) whereas | | 77. | A) through | B) of | C) with | D) by | | 78. | A)At | B) With | C) On | D) To | | 79. | A)at | B) with | C) on | D) to | | 80. | A) favorite | B) beloving | C) cherishing | D) blessing | Part V Translation (2×5=10points) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases in brackets. Then write the corresponding sentence on the Answer Sheet. 81. 现在他们之间的了解多了一些，他们相处得就好些了。（now that） 82. 离婚这档子事可不是儿戏。（take lightly） 83. 她从来没有给他们做过任何事，而他们为她做了所有能做的事情。（whereas） 84. 我们的产品以质量可靠性尤其是品种的多样化来和其他厂家竞争。（in terms of ） 85. 总的来说，大部分同学在学校餐厅用餐，但也有来自富裕家庭的同学在饭店吃饭。（school cafeteria） |
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