英语翻译基础
汉译英
中国人动不动就说：我们地大物博。那也就是说，我们不用着急呀，我们有的是东西，永远吃不完喝不尽哪！哼，请看看你们的狗吧！
还有：狗虽那么摸不着吃，那么随便就被人踢两脚，打两棍，可是它们还照旧的替人们服务。尽管它们饿成皮包着骨，尽管它们刚被主人踹了两脚，它们还是极忠诚的去尽看门守夜的责任狗永远不嫌主人穷。这样的动物理应得到人们的赞美，而忠诚、义气、安贫、勇敢，等等好字眼都该归之于狗。可是，我不晓得为什么中国人不分黑白的把汉奸与小人叫作走狗，倒仿佛狗是不忠诚不义气的动物。我为狗喊冤叫屈！
猫才是好吃懒作，有肉即来，无食即去的东西。洋奴与小人理应被叫作“走猫”。
或者是因为狗的脾气好，不像猫那样傲慢，所以中国人不说“走猫”而说“走狗”？假若真是那样，我就又觉得人们未免有点“软的欺，硬的怕”了！不过，也许有一种狗，学名叫作“走狗”；那我还不大清楚。
答案
We are apt to declare that ours is a big country with rich natural resources, meaning that there is no feed for us to worry because we have plenty of everything to last us forever and ever. Well, why not take a look at our dogs!
Dogs always remain man’s faithful servants though they are underfed and kicked and beaten without any reason. A dog continues to perform with loyal devotion the duty of guarding the door and keeping watch at night though he has been starved to a skeleton and kicked at by his master. He never minds how poor his master is. Such an animal deserves our high praise. We should attribute to them such laudatory epithets as “devotion”, “loyalty”, “content with poverty”, “courage”, etc. But I wonder why we have been undiscriminatingly calling traitors and villains “running dogs”, as if dogs were disloyal and unfaithful animals. I should voice grievances for them!
Cats, however, are greedy and lazy. They come to you when you have meat to offer,but otherwise leave you. Flunkeys of imperialism and mean persons should have been called “running cats”.
Perhaps the reason why we prefer to say “running dogs” rather than “running cats” is that dogs are good-tempered while cats are supercilious. If so, I would think that people are perhaps inclined to bully the weak and fear the strong.
Maybe there is a kind of dog whose scientific name is “running dog”. I’m not quite sure.
英译汉
Humans have been chipping away at the Amazon rainforest since they settled there well over ten millennia ago. Since the 1970s they have done so on an industrial scale. In the past 50 years Brazil has relinquished 17% of the forest’s original extent, more than the area of France, to road- and dam-building, logging, mining, soyabean farming and cattle ranching. After a seven-year government effort to slow the destruction, it picked up in 2013 because of weakened enforcement and an amnesty for past deforestation. Recession and political crisis further pared back the government’s ability to enforce the rules. Now Mr Bolsonaro has gleefully taken a buzz saw to them. Although congress and the courts have blocked some of his efforts to strip parts of the Amazon of their protected status, he has made it clear that rule-breakers have nothing to fear, despite the fact that he was elected to restore law and order. Because 70-80% of logging in the Amazon is illegal, the destruction has soared to record levels. Since he took office in January, trees have been disappearing at a rate of over two Manhattans a week.
The Amazon is unusual in that it recycles much of its own water. As the forest shrivels, less recycling takes place. At a certain threshold, that causes more of the forest to wither so that, over a matter of decades, the process feeds on itself. Climate change is bringing the threshold closer every year as the forest heats up. Mr Bolsonaro is pushing it towards the edge. Pessimists fear that the cycle of runaway degradation may kick in when another 3-8% of the forest vanishes—which, under Mr Bolsonaro, could happen soon. There are hints the pessimists may be correct. In the past 15 years the Amazon has suffered three severe droughts. Fires are on the rise.
答案
早在一万多年前人类在亚马孙定居以来，就一直在蚕食着当地的雨林。上世纪70年代以来，人们开始大规模采伐。过去50年里，巴西已将雨林原始面积的17%（超过法国国土面积）用于修道路和水坝、伐木、采矿、种大豆和畜牧。政府曾花费七年时间来减缓这种破坏，但因执法力度减弱和对过去毁林行为的赦免，到2013年破坏又重新加速。经济衰退和政治危机进一步削弱了政府的执法能力。现在博索纳罗兴高采烈地向雨林举起了圆锯。虽然国会和法院已经阻止了他取消亚马孙流域部分保护区的一些尝试，但他已经明确表示违规者不必担心，尽管选民选他是为了恢复法律和秩序。由于亚马孙流域七八成的砍伐都是非法的，造成的破坏已飙升至创纪录水平。自博索纳罗1月上任以来，每周消失的森林面积超过两个曼哈顿。
亚马孙的不寻常之处在于它大部分的水资源可以自循环。随着雨林不断萎缩，自循环的规模也变小了，到了某个阈值会导致更多森林枯萎，所以几十年后萎缩的过程就不再需要外力推动了。气候变化导致雨林温度不断上升，使阈值每年都在降低。博索纳罗正在把雨林推向这一绝境。悲观主义者担心，如果雨林再消失3%至8%，失控退化的循环可能就会启动——而在博索纳罗当权之下这可能很快就会发生。有迹象表明悲观主义者可能没错。过去15年中，亚马孙遭受了三次严重的干旱。雨林火灾次数正在上升
汉语写作与百科知识
名词解释
意象主义 初唐四杰 文艺复兴 启蒙运动 垮掉的一代 《草叶集》 边际效应 借词 诺亚方舟 （差一个待补充）
选择题
1、俄语、汉语、日语三种语言所属的语法结构类型按次序是
2、在市场经济国家，公路、铁路、无线电视大都是由国家而不是由私人来投资的，其合理的经济学解释是，上述部门（）
3、就现代科学发展状况看，科学无国界这一说法比较适用于
4、古曲《阳关三叠》中的三叠是指
5、下列不属于罗伯特彭斯的作品是 （）
6、将言语和语言分开的人是（）此题不确定。如果有记得同学请帮忙修正或者确认
7、《在那遥远的地方》是哪个地方的民歌
8、《义勇军进行曲》是哪个电影的主题曲
9、待补充
10、待补充
应用文写作（不少于500字）
通报批评
命题作文（不少于1000字）
刘禹锡 《竹枝词》
柳青青江水平,闻郎江上唱歌声。
东边日出西边雨,道是无睛却有睛。
翻译硕士英语
阅读出了一道历年真题的原题
题型
翻译硕士英语
一 选择题 15道语法15道词汇
买专四语法1000题就可以
二 5道阅读题 4道选择题阅读 1道问答题型
三 作文
英语翻译基础
一 汉译英 15道
二 英译汉 15道
三 英译汉篇章
四 汉译英篇章
汉语写作与百科知识
一 选择题10道 每题2分各种类型都有 法律 著作 音乐等各方面 比较杂
二 名词解释 10选6 每个5分 今年出了两个往年重复的 以往从没出过重复的 这点注意下
三 应用文
四 命题作文 多为古诗词 从中立意写作文
