感恩篇
考研是一项系统性、长期性的工程，虽然内因是根本，但也不能一个人孤军奋战，我们不可避免地需要外界的帮助，而且要尽可能地整合有利资源帮助自己。家人、老师、朋友、室友、同学、研友等等都是助你前进的力量。家人是我们坚强的后盾，老师给了我们宽容和支持，累了、迷茫了可以向你的朋友、研友倾诉，作为寝室和班级的一分子，也要处理好个人与室友和同学的关系，是他们给了我们理解和祝福，我们考研不能影响室友的生活节奏，班级的重大活动还是要积极参加。学会感恩，感谢身边每一个关心、理解、支持我们考研的人，我们唯有更加努力争取金榜题名方能不负众望，这也是我们所能给予的最好的答谢。如今我已圆梦人大，特别要感谢我的家人这一年来对我无微不至的照顾，更要感谢老师们对我百分百的理解和支持。
考研就是一种生活方式，你为考研改变得越多，你离成功就越近，如果有一天你发现日子过得很艰难，那么你的收获也将很大！当你打算放弃梦想时，再多撑一天吧，你会发现，拒绝退场的结果多么美好。其实坚持是世界上最简单的事，因为只要你自己愿意坚持，就没有人可以阻止你；但坚持又是世界上最难的事，因为坚持到最后的人一定是少数——就是成功者。梦想和现实之间的那段差距，叫做行动！从现在开始，删掉你的游戏，关闭社交软件，拒绝安逸享乐，定好早晨六点的闹钟，做第一拨走进图书馆的人，拿起你的单词书，朝着心中的目标奋斗吧！
最后送大家一句一直激励着我的话：如果这世界上真有奇迹，那只是努力的另一个名字。

应用文详解
一、咨询信
（一）订购信
1　2005~2009年大纲样题
Directions：You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books．Write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for：
1）detailed information about the books you want，
2）methods of payment，
3）time and way of delivery.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2．Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter．Use “Li Ming” instead．You do not need to write the address.
2　写作详解
下面以上文样题为例，详解书信作文的写法。
第一步：寻找关键词。（见上文黑体标注）
第二步：思考写作的架构。
一般而言，完成整个信件的写作需要约15分钟，可以先用2分钟进行审题。用11~12分钟行文，1~2分钟检查。即写每一句话约用1分钟时间。
称呼：由于写作对象是书店的销售部门，因此可以写为：Dear Sir or Madam，
语域：正式语体。尽量避免使用缩略语或省略句。
主体：应包含所有关键信息。
●开头有两种写法：
①开门见山，直接说出自己的目的。如：I am writing this letter to ask for…
②先交代一下背景，然后说出自己的目的。如：I will take CET-6 next December and quality test preparation materials are essential to success in the test.
●询问的一般表达法如下：
I want to know…／I wonder if…／I would like to know…／Would it be possible for you to…
对于该样题，可以这样表达：
①I wonder if you have the following books：
②I would like to know if you have the following books：
③Would it be possible for you to tell me about the availability of the following books：
●询问书的详细信息（包括书名、出版社等），可以这样表达：
I wonder if you have the following books：a vocabulary book covering the 5,500 words for the CET-6 test as well as past test papers with keys and model essays and a Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English，which I can turn to for help／in which I can look up for new words.
●询问付款方式，可以有以下两种表达：
①Besides，how do I pay for these books？／How should I pay for these books？—By cash or by other means？
 注意：英文写作非常强调连贯性，因此可以用一些代词或连接词使得句意连贯。如这句话中的besides和these都发挥了联系上下文的作用。另外还有许多表示补充、附加的关联词，如：in addition，additionally，moreover，furthermore…
②I would also like to know if you accept payment by credit card．If it is inconvenient，I will pay by cash.
●询问寄递时间和方式，可以有如下表达：
①Finally，if I order these books now，when can I get them？How will these books be delivered to my house？
②Finally，if I order these books now，when is the earliest time I can get them？How will these books be mailed to my house？
③Finally，if I order these books now，when is the earliest time I can get them and how will these books be sent to my house？
●礼貌性的结尾，可以有如下表达：
①I would appreciate it if you could give me a reply as soon as possible.
②I should be grateful if you could give me an early reply.
●结束语和签名：
Sincerely yours，
Li Ming
（二）求学信
1　写作方法
1）首段：
●自我介绍
●申请原因
●说明写信目的
2）主体：
●详述有关背景资料：资历、教育、工作经历、兴趣爱好
●询问有关学校、课程等具体内容
3）尾段：
●强调上述资料的重要性
●希望尽快得到满意答复
●要求手册及申请表
●表示感谢
2　万能句型
1）I am writing this letter to inquire about the entrance to your university.
2）I hope to pursue my Master's degree in your university.
3）I wish to apply for admission to your esteemed department as a graduate student.
4）I am deeply interested in your graduate program in the Department of… and plan to apply for admission for the fall of…
5）I would greatly appreciate it if you would forward the necessary materials and relevant information at your earliest convenience.
6）Your university is a well-staffed and well-equipped institute with a long history and a fine tradition of scholarship，enjoying a worldwide fame.
7）I will certainly feel greatly honored if I am fortunate enough to be admitted into it.
8）Would you please let me know the procedures for admission at your earliest convenience？
9）I should be grateful to know the conditions under which applicants are admitted.
10）Would you be so kind as to furnish me with some related information？
（三）询问信
1　注意事项
1）语气礼貌、谦恭。
2）提出的要求须简明、具体，以便及时获取有效信息。
3）适当对收信人的帮助表示赞赏。
2　写作方法
1）首段：
●复述题目场景，表明写作目的
●遵守礼貌原则，只问相关信息
●简要介绍自己，表明写作目的
2）主体：
●询问具体问题，注意询问句式
●提供背景材料及询问原因
●强调所需信息的重要性
●题目要求的内容均应涉及
3）尾段：
●表明急切心情，提供联系方式
●结尾彬彬有礼，表示诚挚谢意
●希望得到对方帮助或与对方合作
3　万能句型
1）I would like to obtain／request／seek／inquire about some information about…
2）I would be grateful if you would be so kind as to provide me with certain essential information regarding／concerning the following aspects.
3）I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information concerning…
4）I would like some detailed information on／about…
5）I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain…
6）I would be much obliged to you if you could let me know the procedures I have to go through.
7）Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects？
8）Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.
9）I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
10）Please render me some valuable reply which is conducive to my final decision.
（四）寻找失物信
1　写作方法
1）首段：表示必要歉意
2）主体：希望对方能够帮助寻找失物并归还，说明失物具体内容及重要性
3）尾段：说明如果找到失物，要如何归还，并表示谢意
2　万能句型
1）I am writing this letter to request your assistance in finding my… which I have lost during the stay with your hotel.
2）I hope it will not be too much trouble for you to help me finding my suitcase which I have lost due to carelessness.
3）I am writing this letter to report the loss of my… when I…
4）I would really appreciate it if you could…
5）I also suggest that the lost bag be sent to… if possible.
二、投诉信
1　注意事项
1）解决问题，如题目中未提出解决方案，需要自己提出。
2）描述个人经历，表达不满或所受不公正待遇。
3）引起有关人员或公众的注意，避免类似问题再次出现。
4）要求有关方面作出解释并解决问题。
5）提出改善或补救措施。
2　写作方法
1）首段：注意客观礼貌，读信人未必是责任人，其合作对解决问题至关重要。
●自我介绍
●引出投诉内容
●表明目的、要求
2）主体：展开说明投诉原因、具体理由或后果，注意内容充实，符合交际习惯。
●详细说明情况，中肯提出问题
●提出改进建议，表明希望如何解决
●拓展题目内容，尤其要强调如问题不解决将带来什么样的后果
3）尾段：提出解决方案，不用展开，注意公平、公正、礼貌原则。
●表达强烈愿望，希望上述问题得到迅速、恰当的解决
●有时可就问题的解决限定时间
●对有关人员的努力表示感谢
●希望尽快得到满意答复
3　万能句型
1）We would like to draw your attention to something you have obviously failed to notice.
2）There are some problems with… that I wish to bring to attention.
3）I would like to draw the attention of the authorities concerned to the…
4）I am writing to express my concern／dissatisfaction／disappointment about…
5）I wish to refer you to an incident which occurred…，calling for some remedial action.
6）To remedy／rectify the matter／situation，I suggest making the following changes.
7）To improve the situation／solve the problem，it is advisable for you to take the following measures.
8）I sincerely hope that it will review its management system，with the view to providing better service to the public.
9）I hope that the authorities concerned will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as best as they can.
10）We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.
三、介绍信
（一）求职信
1　写作方法
1）首段：
●说明信息来源（有助于公司评估招聘广告的效果）
●表明写作目的
●表明应聘职位
2）主体：
●详述个人经历及能力：学历、工作经历、所学相关课程、爱好
●表明胜任职位，注意信息可信度，把握分寸
●有时可以询问相关薪金及福利
3）尾段：
●希望获得面试机会
●提供联系电话和地址
●感谢对方关心
●希望尽快得到好消息
2　万能句型
1）I have read your advertisement in… for a…，and should be grateful if you could consider me favorably as an applicant for the position／post.
2）I wish to apply for the position of… which you advertised in…
3）I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of… you have advertised in…
4）I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for a…
5）Born in… in…，I graduated from… University majoring in…．I have been working in… since my graduation，and have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.
6）I believe I have the appropriate qualifications and experience for this post，and therefore here I am inclosing my curriculum vitae.
7）I would appreciate it if you could grant me an interview so that I could explain in more details in person the relevance of my background and training.
8）I hope that after reviewing my enclosed resume you will kindly give me an interview so that I can elaborate on my studies and working experience.
9）With the kind of experience I have accumulated，I would expect a salary of not less than…
10）If you need to know more about me，please contact me at…
（二）推荐信
1　注意事项
1）与求职信类似，主体段写法相同，换成第三人称即可，首尾段略有不同。
2）一般由以前的老师、雇主或朋友撰写，介绍学生、雇员或朋友的情况及资历。
3）语气真诚，一心一意。
4）内容符合事实，不要夸大其词或过分夸奖。
5）清楚表明态度：一心一意或有所保留。
6）向有关单位担保申请人资历，希望优先考虑。
2　写作方法
1）首段：
●简介自己背景，开宗明义，表明态度
●说明与被推荐人的关系，推荐何事
2）主体：
●说明推荐原因，突出相关性
●具体说明对被荐人的好印象
●客观介绍被荐人的相关能力、突出表现、人品和性格特点，以便对方全面了解情况
3）尾段：
●保证资历真实，希望优先考虑
●表示期待和感谢，留下联系方式
3　万能句型
1）With reference to your requirements，I shall，without reservation，recommend… as an ideal candidate.
2）I would like to present… for your consideration in your search for a qualified…
3）In my opinion，… with good educational background and excellent character，is doubtlessly qualified to apply for an appropriate position in your company.
4）I recommend him／her without hesitation and believe he／she will make a helpful and responsible staff member.
5）There is little doubt that… is sufficiently prepared for the post he／she is applying for.
6）I support his／her application without reservation.
7）It is a great pleasure to recommend…，one of my closest friends，for admission to your company as…
8）Therefore，I don't hesitate to recommend… as the right person for your consideration.
9）Before concluding the letter，I would again apply myself to convincing you that… is the right candidate.
10）I hope the above information will help you to know… If you need any further information about his／her qualification，please do not hesitate to contact me at…
（三）自我介绍信
1　写作方法
1）首段：表明相关性，说明了解途径及写作目的
2）主体：详细介绍自己的情况
3）尾段：注意礼貌
2　万能句型
1）Hi，this is… It's a pleasure to write to you.
2）I am very glad to have this chance to write to you.
3）My name is… I am honored to have this chance of communicating with you through the letter.
4）I am a student from China and I am writing to provide you with necessary information about myself.
5）I would be most grateful if you could lend me due attention to this letter and contact me at…
四、感谢信
1　注意事项
1）语气真诚、友好、礼貌。
2）表示诚挚感谢。
3）描述个人经历，写明感谢原因。
2　写作方法
1）首段：
●表明写作目的
●表示诚挚感谢
2）主体：
●回忆快乐时光或事件
●高度评价或赞赏对方给予的帮助
●列举原因
●表达感受或感情
3）尾段：
●再次表达谢意
●希望有机会报答对方的好意和帮助
3　万能句型
1）I feel deeply indebted to you and I really don't know how to thank you enough for your help.
2）I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for…
3）I take this opportunity to express my sincere appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me.
4）I'm writing these few lines to express my sincere thanks for the hospitality and concern shown me.
5）I deeply appreciate your courtesy and I hope to have the opportunity of reciprocating.
6）My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words．I wish I could repay it one day.
7）Please accept my most cordial thanks for your timely help，which I will never forget.
8）My true gratitude is beyond the word's description.
9）Words fail me when I want to express my gratitude to you.
10）I express my sincere and heartfelt thanks for the past favor.
五、建议信
1　注意事项
1）写作目的：提出建议或忠告。写给机构：改进服务质量；写给个人：建议重大决定。
2）不是投诉信，观点合情合理，注意礼貌当先。
2　写作方法
1）首段：
●自我简介，不要啰嗦
●说明目的，注意语气
2）主体：
●提出具体建议
●首先肯定优点，再写改进内容，否则变成投诉信
●经常进行交流，注意对方感受，时时提到你和我，否则容易跑题写成议论文，因为内容与议论文相似
3）尾段：总结建议，注意礼貌，易于接受
3　万能句型
1）You have asked me for my advice with regard to… and I will try to make some conducive suggestions.
2）I am writing with my suggestion／proposal about…
3）I am writing to express my views concerning…
4）I am writing in reply to…
5）I would like to suggest that…
6）I feel that it would be beneficial if…
7）If I were you，I would…
8）As you may agree that…
9）I hope you will find these suggestions／proposals／recommendations helpful／practical／useful.
10）I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details.
六、请求信
1　注意事项
1）提出要求，希望得到满足。
2）侧重于请求原因，写清为何请求。
2　写作方法
1）首段：注意礼貌及规范
2）主体：具体展开请求原因，注意客观公正，合乎情理
3）尾段：期待回复，注意礼貌
3　万能句型
1）I would very much like to ask for your permission with this letter so as to allow me…
2）Would you be kind enough to…？
3）I am writing to formally request to…
4）I am writing to seek for your assistance in…
5）I do appreciate the favorable consideration you have shown to me.
6）I would like to thank you for your generous help in this matter.
7）I shall remain grateful to you for the great help…
8）I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
七、道歉信
1　注意事项
1）道歉信是写信人对未尽之事向收信人表示歉意。语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实，不要显出丝毫虚情假意，从而使收信人理解，并最终得到谅解。
2）解释中肯，合乎情理。
3）语气温和，富有技巧。
2　写作方法
1）首段：
●为所做的事或未能做成的事表示诚挚歉意
●为粗心大意和无礼表示歉意
2）主体：
●详细解释当时的情况或事件，目的是消除可能出现的误会和矛盾
●展开具体原因，不要强词夺理，要照顾对方的感受
3）尾段：
●再次表示遗憾和歉意
●表明愿意补救
●提出建议或安排
3　万能句型
1）I'm afraid what I have done has caused many inconveniences to you.
2）I sincerely hope that you understand that I offended you quite unintentionally.
3）I'm writing this letter to express my regret…
4）I regret to inform you that I am unable to…
5）Please accept my sincere apology for…
6）Once again，I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.
7）Please accept my most cordial and humblest apologies for…
8）I trust the settlement of the matter will meet your wishes.
9）I am sorry to have put you to so much trouble.
10）Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.
八、邀请信
1　注意事项
1）盛情邀请参加聚会、共度假期或访问家乡。
2）建立密切联系，加强感情交流。
3）拓展相关内容，激发他人兴趣。
2　写作方法
1）首段：开门见山，说明写作目的
2）主体：
●具体交代邀请原因
●邀请内容：活动性质、时间、地点、日期
●有关要求和希望
3）尾段：
●再次盛情邀请
●希望尽快答复
3　万能句型
1）I am pleased to invite you to participate in… to be held from… to…（time）in…（place）.
2）It is my pleasure／a great honor for me to invite you to…
3）It is with great pleasure that I invite you to attend…
4）We hope that you can come and look forward to seeing you.
5）I will cover all the expenses involved.
九、备忘录（Memo／Memorandum）/ 报告（Report）