2. 备忘录（memo & memorandum）

1.） Directions:

You are an active member of the student newspaper. The newspaper is currently looking for a journalist for the summer semester. Write a memo that will appear in the newspaper next week describing the position available. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Sample:

To: All students

From: The student newspaper

Date: December 24, 2016

Subject: Journalist Position Available for the Summer Semester

The student newspaper is now searching for a journalist for the next term. He or she should currently be studying at the university, and should have at least two years’ writing experience.

The successful applicant will have to write two articles every week on happenings in the city and on campus. The position will commence at the end of May and last through to the end of August. The salary for the position is negotiable and will be based on performance. Those who are interested are supposed to send his or her resume to the campus newspaper office.

2.） Directions:

You are the organizer of a spring excursion activity in the suburbs of Beijing this weekend. Write a memorandum to remind the students of your department about the following items:

The place to visit, as well as the time and place to meet, and preparations for the activity.

Sample:

To: All students of the English Department

From: Class monitor, Li Ming

Date: December 24, 2016 Subject: Spring Excursion to Be Arranged

As spring arrives and the weather turns to be more agreeable, the department has decided to organize a spring excursion in suburban Fangshan District, which is not far away from the downtown of Beijing, on this Sunday, Jan.10. The activities include mountain-climbing and picnic. All students of the English Department are supposed to participate. We should bear in mind the necessity of bringing some food and water, as well as wearing comfortable shoes.

We will meet at the west gate of the university at 9am, Sunday; and a bus has been arranged. Please be on time so that we can have enough time to enjoy the beautiful nature.

3. 通知（Notice & Inform）

Announcement

In order to improve students’ ability to speak English and enrich their spare time, the Students’ Union of Department of English is to organize a school-wide English-speaking contest, which is to be held on Friday next week at the Students’ Recreational Center. Those who are interested in taking part in it are supposed to sign up with the monitor of their classes before this Sunday. Some overseas teachers will be invited to be the judges. The first ten winners will be given awards. Everybody is welcome to be present on the occasion.

The Students’ Union

Department of English

2014 年

In the light of the above chart，it is clear that the past two decades have witnessed the changes of population size in the towns and countries. As is found above, the number of folks living in the countries varied considerably, declining from 834m in 1990 to 674m in 2010. In the meantime, there was a sharply increasing trend in the city population, having surged by 366m over the 20 years.

Doubtlessly, the scene that rural people flood into urban area is widespread these days. Behind it, no contributing reasons I hold could be more sensible and feasible than the two ones. What cannot be overlooked is that people living in cities have more access to the resources of more opportunities, better jobs, and higher living standard, which deeply attract the rural residents. Besides, getting higher education is another driving force. Every year, a considerable number of youngsters, many of them coming from the countries, arrive at the city, finishing the college and staying there for good.

In short, considering the above argument, a reliable and credible conclusion could be summarized as follows — the increasing urban population is the mark and requirement of urbanization, a certain process of social development. But great importance should be attached to keeping the balance between rural and urban development，especially not ignoring the rural development.

2013 年

Based on the data provided, it can be noticed that the number of students who attend part-time jobs more often than not have been rising in different grades. As is depicted in the chart, there was an increasing tendency, with 67.77% freshmen choosing to take a sideline, and a modest rise occurring to sophomores and juniors, but the seniors reaching the maximum at 88.24%.

Obviously, there are several advantages which might result from the trend of college students participating in part-time jobs. At the top of the list tends to be that students might obtain financial aids or material support during the period of attending the sideline. Besides, it must be admitted that they may come to become more financially prudent and be more aware of the struggles of others, which might help them treat the world with prudence and tolerance. Above all, there seems to be no denying the fact that involving in the relevant jobs may relieve the students’ stress, pressure and burden, promoting their life course and moral character toward virtuous directions.  On the basis of the above advantages，we could come to an conclusion that only if students well weigh academic life against working time, taking part-time jobs are a good choice and practice.

2012 年

What is vividly illustrated in the table is that the staff member in various age ranges varied dramatically on employment satisfaction. In the light of the statistics presented above, 40% of the employees over 50 have satisfied with their occupation condition. By the sharp contrast, the workers whose ages are between 41 and 50 hold 64.0% of their discontent feeling with their jobs， the highest among all the three age brackets. Of the employees under 40，the rate of their job gratification is 16.7%, and that of dissatisfaction 33.3%。

Apparently, among the working folks remaining the largest discontent is middle-aged people, aging between 41 and 50, which cannot be dismissed; and its major contributing factors must be noted, among which the pair, in my personal sense, tend to be more believable and receivable. For one thing, the people in this life stage with higher pressures and more questions tend to miss the joy of job itself. For another, the opportunities, welfares and compensations companies provided by large lag behind what the middle-aged people need.

As has been analyzed above, it would be soundly reach the conclusion that if desiring to raise the degree of working satisfaction of its employees, the corporations should make more efforts to center on mental and physical development of their staff and improve their working treatment, which would be a co-win strategy.

2011 年

Sample 1 What can be clearly seen from the chart is that the market share taken by domestic car brands increased rapidly from 25% in 2008 to nearly 35% in 2009, while conversely, the market share owned by Japanese car brands dropped by 10% from 35% in 2008 to 25% in 2008. What’s more, the market share taken by American car brands is on the upward trend, from 10% to nearly 15%.

Three reasons, in my opinion, can account for the changes in car market in these two years. First, the rise of Chinese cars is of little surprise as we have seen Chinese enterprises’ commitment to developing self-owned technologies, which not only free them from potential risks, but also bring about long-term benefit. Second, Japanese cars, which used to be highly praised for their outstanding quality and superior stability, is now reeling from a crisis of confidence. Last, the improvement of American cars’ performance must be attributed to the smart marketing strategy employed by American sellers. They launched a lot of marketing campaigns designed specially for Chinese market, which won them applaud as well as benefit.

In order to maintain the good momentum of development, domestic cars should on one hand stick to their self-independent policy, and on the other, learn some experiences from Japanese car’s failures and Americans’ success

Sample 2

The above chart reflects changes in domestic market share of automobiles of Chinese, Japanese and U.S. brand in 2008 and 2009. As can be seen clearly from it, the market share taken by domestic car brands increased rapidly from 2008 to 2009, while conversely the market share owned by Japanese car brand dropped dramatically during the same period. Meanwhile, the U.S. made automobiles almost remained stable in the market share during the period.

What on earth can cause these market share changes in China? This is a hot concern. Several factors, in my opinion, may account for them. First of all, it is universally acknowledged that the development of Chinese automobiles is of little surprised as we have seen. And Chinese enterprises committed to develop self-owned technologies by enhancing favorable policies to improve domestic automobile production, which can not only free them from the dependence on the climate abroad, but also bring about long-term benefits for China. Besides, another obvious evidence we can find is that Japanese cars, which used to be highly praised for their outstanding quality and superior stability, is now faced with a crisis of confidence for its poor after-service policy toward domestic market, which irritated us Chinese consumers. And the U.S. market policies remained basically unchanged in this period.