【真】As if order were an imperative of human existence:好像人们生活必须需要秩序。
●be eager to:盼望;渴望;热切想做
【真】be eager to help their friends promote quality products:热心帮助朋友宣传优质产品
●be entitled to:有……的资格;有权
【真】be entitled to more freedom:有权享有更多自由
【真】Everybody was entitled to privacy:人人都有隐私权。
●be vulnerable to:脆弱的;易感染(某种疾病);易受伤害;易受影响
【真】be more vulnerable to changes in family economics:更容易受到家庭经济变化的影响
●by/in contrast:相比之下;与……相反;与……截然不同;与……对比鲜明
【真】in contrast to France’s actions:与法国的行动截然不同
●in addition:另外;加之;除……之外
●in time:及时;迟早;最后
【真】if they could be updated in time:如果他们能及时更新
【真】waking up in time:及时醒来
●other than:除了……以外
【真】No animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions:除了猴子,其他动物都没有这种情绪。
●out of date:不时兴; (衣服、颜色、样式等)过时的;陈旧的
【真】traditional test are out of date:传统测试已经过时了
●stick to:紧跟;坚持不变;遵守(诺言、协议、决定或原则等);遵循(规则)
【真】to stick to the traditional rules:遵循传统规则
●similar to:相似;类似
【真】to choose words or graphs similar to the given ones:选择与给出内容相似的词汇或图表
●so far:迄今为止;到目前为止
●take advantage of:占……的便宜;欺骗;捉弄;利用
【真】to take advantage of hijacked media:利用被劫持的媒介
●view ... as:把……看成……;认为……是
●adapt to:变得习惯于……;使适应于
【真】to adapt to the disintegrated family life:适应破碎的家庭生活
●arise from:由……产生(引起);起立,起身
●a bit of:有点儿,有几分;稍微
【真】to have a bit of everything:什么都有一点
●as a result of:由于……
【真】as a result of President Bush’s reform:由于布什总统的改革
●as for/to:至于;关于
●as usual:像平常一样,通常;(尤指其他事情有变化时)照常
【真】to lead your life as usual:照常指引你的生活
●be conscious of:知道;意识到;察觉到
【真】be barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us:几乎没有意识到它对我们由来已久的要求
●be dependent on:依靠;依赖;取决于……;有赖于……
【真】be dependent on oil:依赖石油
●be deprived of:被剥夺;丧失;不能享有
【真】be deprived of its benefits:它的好处被剥夺
●be regarded as:被认为;被看作
【真】be regarded as workmates rather than tools:被视为工作伙伴而不是工具
【真】be regarded as a peculiar institution:被视为一种独特的制度
●be unlikely to:不太可能;未必会发生
【真】be unlikely to have measurable benefits:不可能有显著的好处
●call for:需要;要求
【真】to call for increased investment in research:需要增加对研究的投资
●compete with:与……抗争
●derive from:获得,得到;起源于;来自
●intend to:计划;想要;打算
【真】to intend to live by those commitments:打算信守那些承诺
●if only:只要;但愿
●in a sense:在某种意义上,在一定程度上
●in favor of:支持;赞成;(舍弃某物)宁愿选择……;对……有利
【真】to reject the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism:反对文化特殊论,赞同文化传播论
●in general:总的来说;大体上;(指某一群体的大多数)总体上;通常;在多数情况下
●in particular:尤其;特别是
●in theory:从理论上说;照理说
●in the wake of:作为……的后果;随……之后而来;紧跟在……后面
【真】in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the Supreme Court:在最高法院最近做出的一系列决定之后
●in turn:继而;反过来;依次;轮流地
●look up to:(尤指对年长者)敬仰,钦佩,仰慕
【真】the people you respect and look up to:你尊敬和仰慕的人
●make up:组成,构成;编造;凑足;(加班加点)补足(时间);和解;配(菜);铺(床)
【真】to make up a growing percentage of America’s population:构成美国人口的比例在不断增加
●nothing more than:仅仅,只不过
●now that:既然; 既是
●owe to:将……归功于;由于;欠(钱)
【真】High achievers owe their success mostly to nurture:成就卓越者将他们的成绩主要归功于后天努力。
●on the contrary:恰恰相反;正相反
●play a role in:在……起作用;扮演
【真】to play a key role in body growth:在长身体方面发挥关键性作用
●parallel to/with:类似的;与……作比较;并列
【真】state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones:与现有联邦政策相似的国家政策
●prior to:在……以前;先于
【真】in the 10 years prior to 1990:1980年到1990年
●reluctant to:勉强的;不情愿
【真】be reluctant to tackle such problems:不愿处理这样的问题
●show up:(使)清晰;(使)变得明显;(使)显现出来
【真】Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice shows up:离婚的人也许再婚,但性别偏见由此显示。
●suffer from:(因疾病或处于其他不利境地而)受折磨;遭受
【真】be suffer from the government’s negligence:受到政府的忽视
●take measures:采取措施
【真】to take gradual measures in reform:逐步采取改革措施
●take place:(尤指在控制或组织下)发生;进行;举行
●with regard to:关于;至于
●adhere to:遵守,遵循(规定或协议);支持,拥护,持有(观点或信仰);黏附;附着
【真】to adhere to the rule:遵循准则
●apply to:适用于;运用;致力于;涂抹
【真】to apply to the federal judiciary:适用于联邦司法系统
【真】to apply these skills to everyday life situations:将这些技能运用到日常生活中
●anything but:单单不;根本不;一点也不
●apart from:除了……外(别无);除……外(尚有);此外
【真】apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift:除了勤劳和节俭等特定的价值观外
●as far as:只要;远到……;直到……为止
【真】We’ve pretty much gone as far as we can go:我们已经达到了我们所能达到的极限。
●at length:终于;最终;充分地;详尽地
【真】to write in detail and at length about the events they covered:详尽地记述他们所报道的事件
●bring about:引起;导致
【真】to bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market:改变食品饮料市场的整体结构
●be concerned with:参与;干预;关心
【真】be concerned with questions of moral behavior:关心道德行为问题
●be dominant over:支配;主导;控制
【真】be dominant over immigration issues:控制移民问题
●be immune to:(对疾病)免疫,有免疫力;不受影响
●be inclined to:倾向于;想要
【真】be inclined to cover disasters and deaths:想要掩盖灾难和死亡
●be obliged to:不得不;必须;感激;感谢
【真】be obliged to offer behavioural ads:必须要提供行为广告
●be obsessed with:痴迷于……
【真】be obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites:沉迷于在某些网站进行网购
●be puzzled by:对……迷惑;困惑
●be resistant to:反对;抵制;抗拒;有抵抗力;不受……损害
【真】be resistant to assimilation:抵制同化
●be susceptible to:易受……影响;易为……左右;易受(伤);易患(病);体质过敏
【真】be particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders:尤其容易患抑郁症和焦虑症
●by accident:偶然;意外
【例】to ran into an old friend by accident:偶然遇见一位老朋友
●by means of:用;以;通过……
【真】by means of careful searching:通过仔细的搜寻
●by nature:生性;按其固有的性质;就其本质
【例】be very generous by nature:生性慷慨大方
●come across:偶然发现;偶然遇见;使产生……印象;给人以……的印象
【真】be careful not to come across as disappointed in their child:小心不要给人留下他们对孩子很失望的印象
●cope with:(成功地)处理,应付;忍受(不愉快的局面)
【真】to devise cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty:
设计灵巧的工具以应付危险、枯燥、繁重或仅仅是令人非常不快的工作
●draw on:凭借;利用;(时光)渐渐过去
【真】to draw on your implicit knowledge of English grammar:凭借你固有的英语语法知识
●evolve from:逐步发展;演化
【真】to evolve from an uncertain source:来源不明
●exert influence on:施加影响
【真】to exert a great influence on American culture:对美国文化产生很大的影响
●for fear of/that:害怕;惟恐;生怕;以免
【例】for fear of missing the train:以免误了火车
●for long:长久
●give up:放弃;戒除;投降;认输;辞去(工作);把……让给;自首
●go through:经受(尤指苦难或艰难时期);翻阅;整理;通读;彻查;例行做;(法律、协议等)被通过;(决定)被批准
【真】to go through the paper many times:多次通读论文
●impinge on:影响;妨碍
【真】to end up with impinging on health:结果对健康造成影响
●in face of:面临;迎着
【真】in face of the present situation:面对当前的形势
●in trouble:处于不幸中;有麻烦
【真】to get in trouble for one’s actions:因某人的行为而陷入麻烦中
●oppose to:反对
●on the basis of:以……为基础;根据
【真】on the basis of inadequate information:基于不够充分的信息
●on the whole:总的来说,整体上讲……
●put forward:提出(计划、建议);推荐
【真】to put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution:在生物和文化进化论方面提出他自己的理论
●peculiar to:独有的;独具的;独特的
【例】things peculiar to this island:关于这个岛独特的事情
●shut down:(使)(工厂、公司等)关闭,歇业,停业;停止
【真】the brain shuts down half of that capacity:大脑停止运用其中一半的能力
●sign on:办理失业登记(以领取失业救济金);签约;雇用
●split up:(使)分手;(使)离婚;(使)分道扬镳;拆分
【真】by splitting up the subject matter into smaller units:通过将主题拆分为更小的单元
●subscribe to:同意,赞成;订阅(杂志或报纸);注册;报名;定期捐助
【真】to subscribe to the journal:订阅杂志
●sum up:简而言之;概括地说;作总结
●would rather:宁愿,宁可
●accuse of:指责;指控
【真】to accuse sb. of fabricating the data:指责某人捏造数据
●act on:对……起作用(有功效);奉行;按照……而行动
【真】to act on their own in rule-setting:他们自行制定规则
●aim for:力求;以……为目标
【真】to aim for efficient management:以高效管理为目标
●approve of:赞成,赞同
●accessible to:易接近的;能进去的;易使用的;易得到的
【真】be easily accessible to the general public:容易为大众所获得
●accountable to:对……负责;应作解释
【真】be accountable to the code of conduct:对行为准则负责
●as a means of:作为……的方式
【真】to use the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say:用初稿来思考你想表达的东西
●at large:逍遥法外;自由;一般说来;总的;普遍地;详尽地,充分地
●at odds with:(与……)不和;(与……)有矛盾;(与……)意见不一致
【真】be at odds with the feverish world:与狂热世界很不一致
●at risk:处境危险;有风险的;在危险中
【真】to put the reputation of the target company at risk:将目标公司的声誉置于危险之中(危及目标公司的声誉)
●at stake:处于危险境地;处于成败关头
【真】the future of this company is at stake:公司的未来危在旦夕
●at times:有时;多次
●blame on:把责任推给……;归咎于
【真】to blame on some psychological conditions:归咎于一些心理状态
●be applicable to:适用于;适当;可实施
【真】a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former:从后者中得到的教训适用于前者
●be biased against:有偏见
【真】be biased against classical liberal ideas:对传统自由思想有偏见
●be busy with:忙于
【真】be busy with word puzzles:忙于字谜游戏
●be cautious about:对……谨慎
【真】be cautious about intellectual investigation:谨慎对待知识研究
●be confronted with:面对
【真】be confronted with delicate situations:面对棘手的情况
●be considered as:被认为是;被看作
【真】be considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution:作为制度实施的指导性因素
●be generous to:对……慷慨
【真】an urge to be generous to the claimants:对申请人慷慨的强烈欲望
●be satisfied with:对……满意;满足于;称心
【真】be less likely to be satisfied with their life:不太可能对他们的生活感到满意
●be second to:仅次于……
【真】be second to intelligence:仅次于智慧
●be unprepared for:对……无准备;没有预料;措手不及;不乐意;不情愿
【真】be unprepared for self-rule and democracy:没做好自治和民主的准备
●by chance:偶然地;意外地
●by way of:作为……;采用……方法;通过;经由;取道
【例】be traveling to London by way of France:经法国去伦敦
●cast doubt on:质疑;对……产生怀疑
【真】History has never cast doubt on them:历史从未怀疑过他们。
●check on:上班;查对;核实
【真】to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre:检查就业中心职位的空缺情况
●cling to:坚持;保持;死死抱住(信念或希望)
【真】used to cling to their posts:过去往往坚守岗位
●comply with:服从;遵守
【真】to comply with DNT (Do Not Track) requests:遵从“禁止追踪”的请求
●conform to:遵守;符合;达到;依照
【真】to conform to official safety standards:符合官方安全标准
●cannot but:不得不;不能不;必然
●die out:逐渐消亡;灭绝;(火)逐渐熄灭;(风等)逐渐停止
【例】Certain kinds of whales will soon die out:某些种类的鲸不久将会灭绝。
●do harm to:对……有害;损害,伤害
【例】to do harm to the wheat:对小麦有害
●draw a conclusion from:由……得出结论
【真】to draw a conclusion from the text:从文中得出的结论
●discontent with:不满
【真】be discontent with animal research:对动物研究不满
●equipped with:装备;配备
【真】to play with dolls equipped with personality chips:与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍
●fall asleep:入睡;睡着
●filter out:过滤掉
【真】to filter out what is unique from what is shared:从共性中过滤出独特性
●fold ... into:(烹饪时)把……调入;折叠成
【真】to fold or cut paper into different shapes:把纸折成或剪成不同的形状
●feel disappointed at:感到失望
【真】to feel disappointed at the realities of modern society:对于当前的社会现状很失望
●get over:从(不快或疾病中)恢复过来;战胜(问题、困难);使明白
【真】to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment:克服他们对国外投资所持的过时的反殖民偏见
●give in:投降;认输;让步;屈服
【真】to give in to difficulty:向困难屈服
●go against:违背;违反;对……不利
【真】to go against the trend:违背趋势
●insist on:坚持;坚决认为(或主张、要求)
【真】to insist on the demand for a pay raise:坚持要求涨薪
●ignorance about:无知;愚昧
【真】be ignorance about medical science:对医学一无所知
●in and out:进进出出;一来一往
●in a word:总之;一句话
●in brief:简单地说;简而言之
●in consequence:结果;因此
●indifferent to:不感兴趣;不关心;冷漠
【真】be indifferent to her interest:对她的兴趣漠不关心
●in line with:跟……一致;符合
●in vain:白费地;徒劳无益地
●jump on:毫不犹豫地批评;严词责备
【真】to jump on sb. about sth.:因某事责备某人
●keep down:使(数目、大小、数量等)保持在低水平;控制……增长;压制;镇压;不使(食物或饮料)吐出
【真】Energy conservation can keep down the oil prices:节约能源可以控制油价增长。
●keep ... from doing:阻止(或防止、阻碍)……做;忍住(或克制)不做
【真】to keep lawyers from holding law-firm shares:防止律师持有律师事务所的股份
●lead up to:(一系列事件)导致;紧挨在……之前;(把谈话)引向(某个话题)
●lose faith in:不再信任,失去信心
●make fun of:嘲弄;取笑;开玩笑
【真】to make fun of the disorganized people:取笑没有条理的人
●make no difference:没有影响;没有差别
【真】It makes no difference how you write:你怎么写都没有影响。
●once for all:只此一次;一劳永逸
●on the/an average:按平均值;平均而言
●prefer to:较喜欢,宁愿;提升某人为
【真】to prefer grapes to cucumbers:相比黄瓜,更喜欢葡萄
●rest on:依赖;以……为基础;靠;倚;(目光)停留,凝视
【真】to rest on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media:基于对新闻媒体的既定惯例和特殊责任的了解
●run against:碰及,碰撞; 同……竞选
【真】to run against the current political system:触及现有的政治体系
●reliance on:依赖
●scrape through:勉强通过
●show sympathy for:同情;支持
【真】to show sympathy for your listeners:同情你的听众
●shut out:把……关在门外;使……不能进入;摒弃(念头、情感等)
【真】to shut out the feverish fashion world:不进入极度狂躁的流行世界
●slow down:(使)放慢;(使)减速;(使)放松
●stay away from:不去;远离
【真】to stay away from commercial advertisers:远离商业广告
●step out of:离开;退出
【真】to step out of full time employment:离开全职工作
●stress the importance of:强调……的重要性
【真】to stress the importance of professional training:强调专业训练的重要性
●take pride in:自豪;以……为傲
●thirst for:渴望
●trade with:与……进行贸易(交换)
●trifle with:玩弄;视同儿戏;心不在焉地做
●take efforts:花费力气;努力
●take one’s stand:表明立场
●take the lead:占主要地位;领先;带头
●up in arms:竭力反对;武装反抗;武装起义
【真】be up in arms over a proposal:竭力反对一项提议
●ward off:避开,躲开;防止(危险、疾病等),避免
【真】to ward off evil influences:避免邪恶的影响
●wipe out:擦除;摧毁;使灭绝
【真】can soon wipe out world poverty:能在不久后消除世界贫穷
Part 02 考研英语常考熟词僻义
如下这些词汇的面孔对大家来说并不陌生,但它们之所以有幸入选高分秘籍中,是因为它们拥有独特的东西——一些不常见的生僻释义。这些释义被考研英语命题委员会敏锐地捕捉到,在历年的真题中不时地拿出来几个考考大家。为了让大家不被“熟人”考晕,我们精选了2001~2019年真题中考过的熟词僻义,辅以中文释义、英文释义、在真题中的考点搭配(用“真”字表示)以及其他用法(用“例”字表示),以期帮助大家攻克熟词僻义这一考点,扫清词汇理解障碍。
01 even adj. 平均的;均等的
英equal
【例】a more even balance between work and recreation:工作和娱乐更为平衡