10. （表示強調所說的事，句尾常用“呢”字）：麥子長的才好呢！The wheat is coming along fine.他要是不知道才怪呢！It would be really strange if he didn’t know.屋子裡不熱外面才熱呢！It is not hot in the house, nut it’s really hot outside.

請注意! 在英文中這個“才”字不一定是非要用”某個單字”來表達不可；它可以用一些特別的句型，片語或語氣來表達．所以，學會用這些特別的句型，片語或語氣來表達是很重要的．
“非常, 很, 极其”的英文表达法



相信大家都会有这样的经历: 每每用英语表达一些很一般的概念时, 我们总会立刻想起某个表达法. 例如: 想说"很"时,立刻想到了very或very much; 想说"大"时, 则用big或large.这样的一一对应, 大大减弱了英语写作的丰富性和生动性.

于是这些最先为我们想到的表达法, 便成了我们提高英语水平的羁绊. 如果我们能把这些最常用概念的英语表达归类, 总结, 贫乏的英语表达便会涣然一新.

在英语中用来表达"极其, 非常, 很"的方式有26种:
1) most
(used for giving force)
a. (to an adjective) very
It really is most annoying.
b.(to an adverb) quite; very
Whatever happens, I shall most certainly attend the meeting.
注意:
most只能修饰具有主观意见或感情色彩的形容词和副词, 表示"非常, 很"的概念.我们可以说 most certainly, 但不能说most tall 或 most quick

2) awfully adv.
infml (used to give more force to an expression) very
awfully cold, awfully nice
I am awfully sorry for it.

3) badly adv.
(与"want", "need"连用) a great deal; very much
They want help badly.
He is badly in need of a haircut.

4) more than ...
fml, to a degree at which "..." is no longer a strong enough
or suitable word. 与中文的"无以名状"差不多
We were more than happy to hear of your escape.
I think his offer is more than fair.

5) ever so/such
infml. esp. BrE very
It's ever so cold.
She's ever such a nice girl.

6) immensely adv.
apprec very much
I enjoyed it immensely.

7) much adv.
to a great degree
I don't much like that idea.
I'm much surprised to hear that.

8) mighty adv.
infml. very
It was a mighty good meal, and everyone enjoyed it.

9) highly adv.
(esp. before adjectives made from verbs) to a high degree; very
highly pleased, highly skilled, highly interesting, highly
enjoyable
This is a highly amusing film.

10) greatly adv.
(with verb forms, esp. the past p.)
to a large degree; very
greatly moved by his kindnes
greatly to be feared
We are greatly obliged to you for your help.

11) mortally adv.
very greatly; deeply
She is mortally afraid of walking home alone on a
dark night.
He is mortally jealous.

12) deeply adv.
greatly
We are deeply obliged to you for your help.

13) like anything
very hard; fiercely
When they arrived, the house was burning like anything.
The maid wanted like anything to try on her mistress's clothes.
He is brave like anything.

14) only too
very
only too happy to come
I am only too glad to go there.

15) a thousand
It is a thouand pity.
A thousand thanks!

16) one hundred percent
I am sure the figure is one hundred percent correct.

17) to the world
He was tired to the world.

18) up to the handle
I am enjoying my trip up to the handle.

19) to a large extent
I agree with what you say to a large extent.

20) not half
BrE infml very
It isn't half windy today!
They didn't half support my proposal.

21) extremely
I am extremely sorry

22) exceedingly adv.
very; to an unusual degree
They were exceedingly kind.

23) terribly adv.
infml. very
I've been terribly worried about you all day.
We were terribly lucky to find you there.

24) quite adv.
more than usually; rather
It's really quite good; much better than we expected.

25) utterly adv.
completely
I found the books utterly charming, instructive, and
inspiring.

26) completely adv
wholly; altogether; in every way; totally
The army made a completely successful attack
on the enemy capital.

与日、夜相关的惯用语
每天都要经历的"日"和"夜"与惯用语的关系也很密切，下列例句足以为证：


(1)All night long: 整夜


Some stores stay open all night long.



(2)Call it a day: 一天工作完毕


Every day, we have class from 9am and will call it a day at 4.30pm.



(3)Day after day: 每天


Schooling could be very boring, as the students do the same things day after day.



(4)Day in day out: 一天又一天


Henry wears the same old jeans day in day out. Isn't he going to buy some new clothes ?



(5)For a rainy day: 为困难的日子作准备


When a person gets older, he will realise the importance of saving for a rainy day.



(6)In this day and age: 在现在这时代


In this day and age, no one can expect to get something out of nothing.



(7)Have an off day: 不大成功或顺利的一天


Tom did not do well in yesterday's test.He considered him unlucky euough to have an off day.



(8)The order of the day: 一般的惯例


In a petroleum station here, payment by credit card is the order of the day.



(9)The other day: 几天前


I bumped into an old friend the other day.



(10)To this day: （指日期）准确地


It is 40 years to this day that I left university.



(11)Have seen better days: 曾经历过好日子


Palmer was departmental head in that university before he came here. He has seen better days.



(12)Some day: 将来


Everyone hopes to be great some day.



(13)One's days are numbered: 末日将临：


Under computerisation, unskilled workers become redundant. Their days in a company are numbered.



(14)Carry the day: 胜利的一天


Our team lost at first, but later, it carried the day with two goals to one.



(15)Someone's day: 幸运的一天


Jim was promoted. Furthermore, he was given a performance bonus yesterday. It was his day.



(16)Take a day off: 休息一天


Janet was unwell and took a day off.



(17)Have a night out: 夜间出去消遣


It's time to have a change. We must have a night out at the weekend.



(18)A night owl: 迟迟不睡者


The moment Jack entered the university, he was a night owl.



(19)At the dead of night: 深夜


Our managerial officers attended the emergency meeting at the dead ofnight.



(20) Save the day: 使情况变佳.


Frank saved the day by kicking in a goal during the last five minutes of the match.



(21)Every dog has its day: 凡人都有得意日


I have seen ordinary people suddenly become important. This is a case of every dog has its day.



(22)What is done by night appears by day: 若要人不知，除非己莫为"Crime does not pay. Criminals will be found out. That's why we say : What is done by night appears by day.


《联合早报》

"Not" 的巧用
大家都知道, 说话和写文章是有很大的不同的, 说话讲求的是能够清楚地表达自己的意思, 因此在用字上要力求简单扼要, 但重点部份要强调出来. 你能够清楚地掌握这个重点吗? 现在来考考你, 如果有人问你, "Did you break this plate?" 你要强调这不是我干的, 你会怎么说? 你会不会说, "No, I didn't." 但是要注意喔! "No, I didn't" 只是说, "我没有作" 这跟 "不是我干的" 有很大的差别喔.. 那正确的说法应该是怎样? 让我们来看看 "Not" 的用法.

1. Not me. 不是我.

嘿... 没想到这么简单吧! 这种看似简单, 文法也不对的句子, 却是老美天天挂在嘴边的话. 这句话简单明了, 而且把重点 "不是我" 给强调出来. 这是非常好的一个句子. 另外, 老美也很喜欢讲 "Wasn't me." 这跟 "Not me." 都是一样的意思, 同样强调这不是我干的.

还有像以前大家很流行机车联谊, 结果很不幸你的钥匙被恐龙给抽中了, 你就可以望天长叹说, "Oh, not me." (怎么会是我呢?) 或是你也可以说, "Why me?"

2. Not today. 不要今天啦.

这种用法常常用在二个人相约时间的时候. 例如有人找你去看电影, "Do you want to go to see the movie?" 你就可以说, "Oh, not today" 这表示出你还是蛮想去的, 只不过今天不行. 另外 "Not at this moment." 或是 "Not now." 也蛮常用的.

3. Not a word. 保持安静.

"Not a word" 跟 "Be quiet." 一样都是要别人安静下来的意思. 例如你跟朋友去看电影, 结果电影都开演了, 你的朋友还在叽叽喳喳讲个不停, 这时候你就可以跟他说, "Shhhhhhh. Not a word." 或是 "Be quiet." 要是你真的已经很烦了,就说 "Shut up!"

4. Not so fast. 不要那么快啦.

有些男女朋友第一次约会就牵牵手, 如果你是女生, 觉得这样子实在是太快了, 你就可以说, "Hey, not so fast." 同样的, 有些男生去陪女朋友就像例行公事一样, 随便敷衍个二句就想走人, 这时女生就可以说, "Not so fast."

5. Not a chance. 一点机会也没有.

这句话根 "You don't have any chance" 是一样的, 都是表示根本就没有机会. 例如比赛前别人问你, "Can we beat them?" 你就可以说, "Not a chance"

跟 Not a chance 意思相当的句子有很多, 例如 "Not really", "Not in a million years", "Not in my life time" 或是 "Not in your life time" 例如你要跟朋友去打球, 你朋友说, "You man. I'm gonna kick your ass!" 你就可以说, "In your dream, pal! Not in your life time" 意思就是, 作你的大头梦去吧! 我看在你的有生之年是不可能了!

6. Not at all. 一点也不.

这句话通常是用来回答别人的问题, 例如别人问你, "Do you like American food?" 你就可以回答 "Not at all". 这句话强调出一点也不喜欢. 如果只说 "No, I don't like it." 可能多少还会吃一点, 可是 "Not at all" 可能就是连吃都不会想去吃了, 算是全部否定对方的回答.

如果是部份否定的话, 你可以说 "Not really" 表示你不全然同意对方所说的话. 像是同样如果别人问你, "Do you like American food?" 你说 "Not really." 就表示出你不是那么喜欢.

7. Not good enough. 还不够好.

这句话是专门用来挑剔别人用的. 例如小孩考了八十分就很兴奋地跑去跟父母说, "I got 80 in the test!" 他父母如果是那种比较严苛一点的人的话, 可能就会说, "Not good enough." 或是你也可以泼别人冷水, 例如别人说, "That book is awesome!" 你就可以回他一句, "Not good enough for me."


8. Not again 不会再来一次吧.

当有什么倒霉事第一次发生时, 你可以笑笑地说 bad luck 或是 rotten luck. 但是当第二次又接著发生了, 你大概就会说, "No, not again" 例如车子爆胎了, 你刚拿去补完才出汽车修理店门口又被一根铁钉刺到, 我想任何正常人的反应一定都是 No, not again 吧!



9. Not possible. 不可能.

这个 not possible 跟 impossible 是一样的意思. 可是就算有了 impossible 这个字, 很多老美还是喜欢说 not possible. 可能是这个 not 比较能强较出 "不"的意思吧! 例如有人问你可不可以在半小时内到某地会面, 你就可以说, "Not possible, it's rush hour now."

10. Not a soul in sight. 半个人影也没有.

这句话算是固定的用法. Soul 在这里就是指人而言. 如果讲的不是人而是其它的东西的话, 则用 "Not a thing." 例如别人问你, "Did you see anything in the bush?" 要是你什么也没看到, 你就可以回答, "Not a thing."
表示“正在进行”的be＋介词短语
表示“正在进行”这一动作，通常用现在进行时表示。如：I am having a class now．（我正在上课。）但“正在进行”这一动作，还可以用“be＋介词短语”来表示。常见的介词短语类型有： be ＋at引导的介词短语；be ＋in引导的介词短语；be ＋on引导的介词短语； be ＋under引导的介词短语等。

Ⅰ．be＋at引导的介词短语

be at war（正在交战）：The two countries are at war now．两国正在交战。

（相当于：The two countries are waging a war now．）

be at work（正在工作）：Jim is at work on his car now．吉姆正在修自己的车。

（相当于：Jim is repairing his car now．）

be at peace（处于和平或平静状态）：

Thus Europe was at peace for the first time in ten years．

于是欧洲在十年以后第一次进入和平状态。

be at table（正在吃饭）：When I arrived my friends were already at table．

当我到达时，我的朋友们正在吃饭。

常见的这类结构还有：be at meeting正在开会；be at school正在上学；be at breakfast（lunch ／supper）正在吃早（午／晚）饭；be at church正在做礼拜，等等。

Ⅱ．be＋in引导的介词短语

be in progress（正在进展）：The building of the bridge is in progress．

这座桥梁正在施工中。（相当于：The bridge is being built now．）

be in trade（正在做买卖）：Some people of this country are in gold and ivory trade．

这个国家的有些人正在做黄金和象牙买卖。

be in fashion（流行）： Long hair is very much in fashion now．如今，留长发正时兴。

be in trouble（处于困境／困难之中）：I am in great trouble．My little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself．我遇上点麻烦，我的小儿子从梯子上掉下来，并且摔伤了。

常见的这类结构还有：be in danger处在危险中；be in operation正在运行； be in action在活动（运转／战斗）中；be in peril在危险之中；be in class正在上课；be in hospital正在住院；be in office在执政；be in tears正在流泪；be in milk正在产奶；be in issue正在争论之中；be in church正在做礼拜；等等。

Ⅲ．be＋on引导的介词短语

be on strike（正在罢工）：The electricity workers have been on strike for several weeks now．电力工人到目前已经罢工好几个星期了。（即现在仍在罢工）

be on leave（正在休假）：Several soldiers are on leave in our village．几位军人正在我们村子里休假。

be on the rise（正在上涨）：Prices of vegetables are on the rise．蔬菜价格正在上涨。

常见的这类结构还有：be on a visit正在访问；be on the stumps处在困难之中；be on sale正在出售（美语作：削价出售），等等。

Ⅳ．be ＋under引导的介词短语

be under consideration（正在考虑之中）：The plan is under consideration by the Ministry of Education．教育部正在考虑这项计划。

be ＋under construction（正在修建中）：The new railway is still under construction．新铁路仍在修筑之中。

be ＋under discussion（正在讨论之中）：That issue has no relation to the matter under discussion．那个问题和正在讨论的事没有关系。

常见的这类结构还有：be under treatment正在治疗中；be under repair正在修理中，等等。

值得英语学习者注意的是

⑴尽管be＋介词短语能表示“正在进行”这一意义，但它和be＋现在分词所表示的语法意义是有差别的。前者着重事物所处的状态，偏重于静态；后者着重事物的动态，集中表示事物的动感。

⑵绝大部分这类结构，其名词前都没有冠词，假如加一冠词，意义将大相径庭。如：The Conservative Party is in office．保守党在执政。The principal is now in the office．校长现在在办公室。英语学习者对上述差别决不可掉以轻心。

★起形容词作用的分词（形容词型分词）★
记得前两天有旺友问“动词+ed"作形容词的问题，刚好张道真的一本语法书上有很详细的介绍，准备把它拿到这和大家共享。有点长，而我打字又慢，慢慢输吧，争取在7-10天内完成：）

起形容词作用的分词（形容词型分词）


a. 分词作定语的用法

1)总的特点
分词可以作定语，修饰或是限制一个名词，可以放在它前面，也可以放在它后面。一般说来，简单分词可以放在名词前面，分词短语放在名词后面。

a)放在名词前面的分词
1/表示动作的分词：
一个现在分词或过去分词放在名词前时，可以表示一时的动作，这时它的动词特点胜过形容词特点，相当于一个定语从句

Do you see the rising sun(=sun which is rising) in the east?

They tried to surround the retreating troops (=troops which were retreating).

The roaring lion frightened all the animals in the jungle.

They tried to deliver the besieged city (=city which was being besieged).

These repeated efforts(=efforts which were being repeated) were still inadequate.

Those oppressed nations (=nations that are being oppressed ) are rising to liberate themselves.

2/表示特点的分词：
它也可以表示比较长久或永久性的特点。这时它的形容词特点胜过它的动词特点：

Germs are living creatures (=not inanimate things, creatures that can live).

She is a charming lady (attractive lady, lady who charms others)

The working classes are usually poor.

There were many flying fish.

We watched the moving pictures (=motion pictures)

Used cars (=old cars,cars which have been used) are cheaper than new ones/

Stolen love (=Secret love, love which is stolen), though dangerous, tastes exceptionally sweet.

This printed matter may be sent by mail.

3/和用作形容词的动名词的差别：
用在名词前的现在分词和用在名词前起形容词作用的动名词是有区别的，从意思上、重音上及是否加连字号，都有区别。下面各对句子中，第一句中带-ing词尾的动词为分词，第二句中带-ing词尾的动词为动名词：

Boiling water(=Water that is boiling) can produce enormous power.
Water begins to boil at the boiling-point(=point at which liquid boils;而不是point which boils).

He is a walking dictionary (=dictionary that canwalk, learned man).
He came with a walking-stick (=stick for walking;非stick that os walking)

How clever that dancing bear (=bear that is dancing) is!
He is a dancing-master (=master who teaches dancing).

Someone said many years ago that China was a sleeping lion (=lion that was sleeping).
He is in the sleeping-car (=car for sleeping,而不是 car that is sleeping).

Running water is cleaner than stagnant water.
It is a running-track for sportsmen.

4/用作名词的情况
和形容词一样，某些分词在加the时（后面不跟名词），可以代表一类人或一种抽象东西：
Which are more numerous, the dead or the living (=the living people)

Something must be done immediately with the wounded and the dying.

What should we do with the oppressed, the defeated the insulted and the injured?