2020考研英语完形填空精讲精练 第9集(6)
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4. A. refuted
B. defied
C. proposed
D. witnessed
5. A. responsible
B. suitable
C. favorable
D. available
6. A. declines
B. assesses
C. estimates
D. maintains
7. A. reflect
B. attain
C. access
D. acquire
8. A. narratives
B. forecasts
C. communications
D. descriptions
9. A. investigate
B. search
C. research
D. seek
10. A. attempts
B. sufferings
C. considerations
D. memories
11. A. model
B. pattern
C. frame
D. formula
12. A. emphasis
B. assertion
C. explanation
D. assumption
13. A. account
B. prediction
C. cooperation
D. speech
14. A. instincts
B. feelings
C. sensations
D. experiences
15. A. impressions
B. beliefs
C. minds
D. insights
16. A. senses
B. cases
C. words
D. aspects
17. A. check
B. hear
C. deny
D. prompt
18. A. taken
B. utilized
C. applied
D. spent
19. A. habitual
B. verbal
C. unique
D. particular
20. A. permanent
B. mental
C. spiritual
D. conscious
[文章大意]你童年的记忆是什么?你能记起你是如何学走路、学说话的吗?成年人很少能想起比入学前一年左右更早的事情,就像三四岁以前的孩子很少能记得任何具体的个人经历。心理学家已经为这种“儿童失忆症”提出了各种各样的解释。现在美国纽约州立大学的心理学家安妮特·西姆斯针对“儿童失忆症”提出了一种新的解释。
试题透析
1. C. recall
此题属于语意搭配题。recall“想起”,意指把忘记的东西又想起来,常与can、could等词连用。如:I remember her face but I cannot recall where I met her. 根据上下文,此处需要填入与前面的remember意思相近的动词,表达的意思是成年人很少能想起一些事,故选项C. recall正确。选项A. figure意为“计算;描述;估计;想象”。如:Can you figure(out)why he did it?选项B. interpret意为“解释,说明”。如:It's difficult to interpret these statistics without knowing how they were obtained. 选项D. affirm通常用于再度回答某一问题时,意为“断言,肯定”。如:He affirmed that he was telling the truth.
2. D. just as
此题属于语篇连接题。just as意为“就像”。如:Things turned out just as I expected. 根据上下文的意思,成年人与小孩子一样都不记得童年的事,故选项D. just as正确。选项A. now that意为“既然”,常用于完成时态。如:She is enjoying the job more now that she's got more responsibility. 选项B. even if意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句。如:Even if you take a taxi, you'll still miss your train. 选项C. as though/if意为“似乎,好像”。如:They stared at me as if I was crazy.
3. B. rarely
此题属于语意搭配题。B. rarely为否定副词,意为“很少”,与主句中seldom(很少)前后照应。选项A. largely意为“主要地”;选项C. merely意为“仅仅”;选项D. really意为“真正地”。
4. C. proposed
此题属于语意搭配题。propose sth./doing/that(should)...表示“提出意见”。如:I propose a short rest before we continue the work. 根据文章意思:心理学家提出了这种解释,故选项C. proposed正确。选项A. refuted意为“反驳,驳斥”。如:We refuted his claim that the world was flat. 选项B. defied意为“公然违抗;蔑视”。如:How long can those criminals continue to defy the law!选项D. witnessed意为“目击;作证”。如:She was shocked by the violent scenes she had witnessed.
5. A. responsible
此题属于语意搭配题。be responsible for意为“有责任的;成为……的原因”。如:The pilot of an airliner is responsible for the safety of the passengers. 又如:Mechanical defects were responsible for the accident. 根据上下文的意思和结构,此句意指大脑中的一个负责记忆的区域,作为hippo-campus的同位语,故选项A. responsible正确。选项B.(be)suitable(to/for)意为“合适的”;选项C. favorable意为“满意的;有利的”;选项D. available意为“可用的;有空的”。
6. D. maintains
此题属于语意搭配题。maintain意为“坚持认为;维持”。如:He maintained that he was innocent.=He maintained his innocence. 又如:We should maintain friendly relations with neighboring countries. 根据上下文,前一句讲有人认为儿童失忆症是因为人脑中的海马区不成熟,此句讲的是别的理论,故选项D. maintains正确。选项A. declines意为“婉拒;衰落”;选项B. assesses意为“评估”。如:They assessed the cost of the flood damage at£50,000. 选项C. estimates意为“估计,评价”。如:It was difficult to estimate how many trees had been damaged.
7. C. access
此题属于词语搭配题。access作名词时,意为“接近;入口”;作动词时,意为“存取(计算机类用语)”。如:The system has been designed to give the user quick and easy access to the required information. 又如:Branch officials can access the central data bank. 此处需一个动词与memories搭配,故选项C. access正确。选项A. reflect意为“反映;深思熟虑”;选项B. attain意为“获得”,有较强的抱负和渴望的意味;选项D. acquire指通过努力“获得,养成习惯、嗜好等”。
8. A. narratives
此题属于语意搭配题。narrative意为“叙事”,常指按顺序讲述。如:She gave a narrative of her strange experience. 根据下文one event follows another...,按顺序来讲述,故选项A. narratives符合题意。选项B. forecasts意为“预报,预料”;选项C. communications意为“交流,通讯设施(复数)”;选项D. descriptions意为“记述,叙述;描写”,常指用语言来描述。
9. B. search
此题属于语意搭配题。空格所在部分意思为,当成年人______记忆文库中早期童年的记忆时。这里需要填一个表示“搜索,查询”的词,以使句子通顺,因此选B。选项A. investigate表示“调查,侦查”。如:We also have to investigate why she was not happy with her husband. 选项C. research表示“研究”,侧重于科研研究方面;选项D. seek表示“寻找”。如:He went forth and sought his fortune.
10. D. memories
此题属于词义辨析题。根据文中意思,此句需要表达的是“搜索记忆文库中早期童年的记忆”,选项A. attempts意为“尝试”;选项B. sufferings意为“苦难”;选项C. considerations意为“考虑”;选项D. memories意为“记忆”。文中主要谈论儿童失忆症,表示我们很少能存取童年时期的记忆,故选项D. memories为正确答案。
11. B. pattern
此题属于语意搭配题。pattern意为“模式,方式”。如:The pattern of family life has been changing over recent years. 根据原句意思,此处应是在讲找不到适合描述童年的模式,故选项B. pattern正确。选项A. model意为“模型”;选项C. frame意为“框架”;选项D. formula意为“公式;惯例”。
12. C. explanation
此题属于语意搭配题。offer an explanation for意为“为……提出解释”。儿童失忆症并不是一个假设,而是一个事实。上文提到针对其成因有许多种explanations,所以选项C. explanation正确。选项A. emphasis意为“强调”,常与介词on搭配;选项B. assertion意为“断言”;选项D. assumption意为“假设”。
13. A. account
此题属于语意搭配题。选项A. account意为“记述,叙述,描写”,常指用语言来描述。如:Please give me a brief/full account of the accident. 根据下文,儿童需要学会利用他人对个人经历的口头描述,故选项A. account符合题意。选项B. prediction意为“预报,预料”,如:an accurate prediction;选项C. cooperation意为“合作”;选项D. speech意为“演讲”。
14. D. experiences
此题属于语意搭配题。experience意为“(不可数名词)经验;(可数名词)经历”,此处需要一个由personal修饰的名词,选项D. experiences代入文中意为“个人经历”,正确。选项A. instincts意为“本能”;选项B. feelings意为“情感”;选项C. sensations意为“感觉”。
15. A. impressions
此题属于语意搭配题。impressions意为“印象”,与前面第14题的experiences(经历)前后照应,故选项A. impressions正确。选项B. beliefs意为“信念”;选项C. minds意为“头脑;想法”;选项D. insights意为“洞察力,深刻见解”。如:She has a woman's quick insight into character.
16. C. words
此题属于词语搭配题。in other words意为“换句话说”,根据上下文,前一句谈及儿童必须学会利用别人对其经历的口头描述,下一句谈到儿童必须谈论其个人经历,并听他人谈论这些经历,后者是对前面句子的解释,故选项C. words正确。选项A. senses:in all senses意为“从各方面”,in one/a sense意为“从某种意义上说”;选项B. cases:in some cases意为“在有些情况下”,in this/that case意为“在这样(那样)的情况下”;选项D. aspects意为“方面”,如:to consider a problem in all aspects。
17. B. hear
此题属于语意理解题。and之前的部分以及破折号后的部分对本空起到很大的提示作用,and之前说孩子们必须要谈论其个人经历,然后说______他人谈论他们的经历,破折号之后是对前面的解释,所以应该是聆听别人谈这些经历,选项B. hear“听”为正确选项。
18. D. spent此题属于词语搭配题。spend...doing sth.意为“(花多少时间)做某事”,此处需要过去分词修饰the afternoon,只有选项D. spent符合句意及句子结构。选项A. taken表示此意的用法应为It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.;选项B. utilized意为“利用”,如:utilize solar energy;选项C. applied意为“应用;申请”。如:Scientific discoveries are often applied to industrial production methods.
19. B. verbal
此题属于语意搭配题。verbal意为“口头的”,与前文的spoken account, talk,asking等词相照应,故选项B. verbal正确。选项A. habitual意为“习惯性的”;选项C. unique意为“独一无二的”;选项D. particular意为“特别的”,如:a matter of particular importance。
20. A. permanent
此题属于语意搭配题。permanent意为“永久的,长期不变的”,如:permanent brain damage(永久性脑损伤)。此句指经过口头强化训练,孩子们可以形成关于其个人经历的______记忆。根据西姆斯博士的观点,这样才可形成永久性记忆而克服儿童失忆症,故选项A. permanent正确。选项B. mental意为“精神上的;智力的”;选项C. spiritual意为“精神上的,心灵的”,如:spiritual needs;选项D. conscious意为“有意识的”,如:be conscious of sth.。
译文
你最早的童年回忆是什么?你学走路,学说话,第一次听到雷声,或者第一次看电视节目的情景你还记得吗?成年人很少能记起比入学前一年左右更早的事,就像三四岁以前的孩子很少能记得任何具体的个人经历。
心理学家为“儿童失忆症”做出了各种各样的解释。其中一个解释指出:在大脑中的一个负责形成记忆的区域——海马区——要到大约两岁的时候才能成熟。但是最流行的理论坚持认为:由于成人与孩子的思维方式不同,所以他们不能存取童年时期的记忆。成人用词汇思考。他们的生活记忆像故事或叙事——一件紧接着另一件——就像小说里或电影中讲述的那样。但是当他们搜索记忆文件中的早期童年记忆来丰富这些语言生活故事时,却发现找不到适合这种模式的任何记忆。这就像要从英语字典中寻找汉字一样。
现在,纽约州立大学心理学家安妮特·西姆斯为童年的记忆缺失提出了新的解释。她认为根本不存在任何童年记忆可供回想。根据西姆斯博士的看法,儿童需要学会利用他人对其个人经历的口头描述,从而把他们自己短期的、迅速遗忘的印象转变成长期记忆。换句话说,儿童必须谈论其个人经历,并且聆听他人谈论这些经历——妈妈讨论在海滩上捡贝壳的午后或者爸爸询问他们在海洋公园的一天玩得如何。西姆斯博士说,如果没有这些口头强化训练,儿童们是不可能对他们的个人经历形成永久记忆的。
Cloze 12
A narrowing of your work interests is implied in almost any transition from a study environment to managerial or professional work. In the humanities and social sciences you will at best reuse only a fraction of the material 1 in three or four years'study. In most career paths academic knowledge only 2 a background to much more applied decision-making. Even with a“training”form of degree, 3 a few of the procedures or methods 4 in your studies are likely to be continuously relevant in your work. Partly this 5 the greater specialization of most work tasks 6 with studying. Many graduates are not 7 with the variety involved in 8 from degree study in at least four or five 9 a year to very standardized job demands. Academic work values 10 inventiveness, originality, and the cultivation of self-realization and self-development. Emphasis is placed on 11 new ideas and knowledge, assembling 12 information to make a“rational”decision, appreciating basic 13 and theories, and getting involved in fundamental controversies and debates. The humanistic values of higher 14 encourages the feeling of being 15 in a process with a self-developmental rhythm. 16 , even if your employers pursue enlightened personnel development 17 and invest heavily in“human capital”—for example, by rotating graduate trainees to 18 their work experiences—you are still likely to notice and feel 19 about some major restrictions of your 20 and activities compared with a study environment.
1. A. restricted
B. covered
C. spread
D. confirmed
2. A. admits
B. equips
C. states
D. forms
3. A. hardly
B. scarcely
C. evenly
D. only
4. A. practiced
B. described
C. encountered
D. analyzed
5. A. indicates
B. demands
C. reflects
D. produces
6. A. compared
B. associated
C. connected
D. related
7. A. familiar
B. content
C. patient
D. strict
8. A. transferring
B. transmitting
C. translating
D. transporting
9. A. hobbies
B. interests
C. concerns
D. subjects
10. A. unique
B. single
C. individual
D. specific
11. A. developing
B. generating
C. emerging
D. gathering
12. A. adequate
B. definite
C. valuable
D. profitable
13. A. beliefs
B. concepts
C. religions
D. faiths
14. A. position
B. principle
C. reputation
D. education
15. A. consisted
B. dealt
C. engaged
D. worked
16. A. By contrast
B. That is
C. Therefore
D. Meanwhile
17. A. laws
B. rules
C. policies
D. studies
18. A. vary
B. introduce
C. improve
D. gain
19. A. strange
B. ashamed
C. funny
D. sorry
20. A. hobbies
B. interests
C. focuses
D. concerns
[文章大意]从学习环境转变到管理工作或其他专业工作都意味着你的兴趣范围在缩小。与学习相比,大多数工作具有更强的专业性。高等教育的人文价值观念鼓励人们发展自我。相比之下,即使你的老板追求开明的人事发展政策,并且在人力资本方面投入巨资,但与学习环境相比,你的兴趣和活动都受到了很大程度的限制。
试题透析
1. B. covered
此题属于语意搭配题。cover意为“覆盖;包括;涉及”。如:This leaflet covers what've just discussed in more detail. 原文意为三年或四年学习中所涉及的一小部分知识,故选项B. covered正确。选项A. restricted意为“限制”。如:Congress is considering measures to restrict the sales of cigarettes. 选项C. spread意为“传播”;选项D. confirmed意为“证实”。如:I'd like to confirm when you'll be arriving on Monday.
2. D. forms
此题属于语意搭配题。form意为“组成,形成”。如:I formed the impression/opinion/view that she didn't really want to come. 原文句中的宾语为a background,可与form连用,故选项D. forms正确。选项A. admits意为“承认”;选项B. equips意为“装备”;选项C. states意为“陈述”。
3. D. only
此题属于语篇衔接题。根据上下文意思,上文谈到学校学到的东西与工作关系并不密切,因此,所学的东西中仅有一小部分会被利用,故选项D. only正确。选项A. hardly意为“几乎不”;选项B. scarcely意为“简直不,决不”。如:He would scarcely have said a thing like that(I don't believe he did). 选项C. evenly意为“平均地”。如:be evenly distributed across the country。
4. C. encountered
此题属于语意搭配题。encounter意为“遇到”。原句是指学习中所遇到的做法和方法中只有一些会和以后的工作有关,故选项C. encountered正确。选项A. practiced意为“练习”;选项B. described意为“描述”;选项D. analyzed意为“分析”。
5. C. reflects
此题属于近义词辨析题。本句意思是:这些情形部分地反映了相对于学习来说,大多数工作任务都更加专业。选项A. indicates意为“表明;暗示”;选项B. demands意为“要求”;选项C. reflects意为“反映”;选项D. produces意为“产生”,比较这四个选项,只有C项符合语境。
6. A. compared
此题属于词语搭配题。compared with意为“与……相比”。如:He's a pygmy when compared with great musicians. 文中要表达的意思是,这些情形反映了相对于学习来说,大多数工作任务都更加专业。文中要表达的是对比的关系,因此选项A. compared符合语法和题意。选项B. associated(with)表示“与……联系起来”;选项C. connected(with)表示“与……连接”;选项D. related(with)表示“与……相关的”。
7. B. content
此题属于词语搭配题。选项B.(be)content(with)意为“对……满意的”,符合题意。如:I think he's fairly content with his life. 选项A.(be)familiar(with)意为“对……熟悉的”;选项C.(be)patient(with)意为“对……有耐心的”;选项D.(be)strict(with)意为“对……严格的”。
8. A. transferring
此题属于形近词辨析题。transfer意为“改变,转移”。如:She transferred her gun from her shoulder to her side. 又如:The aim is to transfer power/control to self-governing regional councils. 原文意为:从一年至少学4或5门学位课程转变为标准化的工作要求。只有选项A. transferring有change(转换)的意思。选项B. transmitting意为“传送,输送;传播”;选项C. translating意为“翻译”,常与into连用;选项D. transporting意为“运输”。
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九、2013年完形填空 People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors .But Dr Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inabili ...英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2019-07-092020考研英语完形填空精讲精练 第4集
2008年试题解析与思路点拨 文章概览 [文章大意]本文是一篇说明文,围绕人类智商有高低之分这个话题展开。德国一位特立独行的科学家提出了某些族群的智商天生就比其他族群要高这一冒天下之大不韪的假设。他对来源于中欧的某个民族进行研究,发现这一民族的智商普遍较高,但易患一些严重的遗传性 ...英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2019-07-092020考研英语完形填空精讲精练 第3集
第三节 时间线索 完形填空文章中出现的时间信息一般都是非常有用的线索,因为只要分析这些时间线索我们就可以很快把握与这些时间线索相联系的信息之间的关系。 经典例题1 But they insisted that its(指工业革命) 43 , results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for ...英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2019-07-092020考研英语完形填空精讲精练 第2集
第二节 利用逻辑关系解题 however, although, yet, because, affect, such as, some以及合成词, against, any, while, as, for example, apparent, available, frequently, message, nevertheless, publicity, upon, but, now that, provide, restrict, similar, until, since, stimulate, unless, what, ever since, ...英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2019-07-092020考研英语完形填空精讲精练 第1集
目录 CONTENTS 序 第一章 完形填空大纲解析 一、大纲对于完形填空是怎样规定的? 二、完形填空文章的体裁和题材是什么? 三、完形填空文章有什么特点? 四、完形填空测试的重点是什么? 第二章 完形填空考取3分左右的技巧 第三章 完形填空考取4~7分的技巧 第一节 利用高频词汇做题 第二 ...英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2019-07-092019年考研《英语二》完形填空答案(新东方版)
英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2018-12-312019年考研《英语二》完形填空答案(文都版)
SectionⅠ Use of English 【完型填空答案】 1. [D] However 2. [A] helps 3. [B] solely 4. [B] lowering 5. [D] reach 6. [B] depiction 7. [A] due to 8. [D] immediate 9. [C] reasons 10. [A] instead 11. [A] track 12. [D] account for 13. [B] adjust 14. [A] re ...英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2018-12-312019考研《英语二》完形填空真题及答案(跨考版)
Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 , when done too ...英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2018-12-312019年考研《英语二》完形填空答案(海文版)
Section I Use of English 1、【答案】[C] However 【解析】此处考察逻辑关系。首段提出文章中心:定期称量自己是一种解任何显著的的体重波动的好方法。空格所在句指出:____,如果太频繁,这种习惯有时会造成损害。前文wonderful way(好方法)与后文hurt(损害)形成转折关系,故填入however(然而)。另外,howeve ...英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2018-12-31考试吧:2019年考研《英语二》完形填空答案
Section I Use of English Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on the ANSWER SHET(10 points) 参考答案: 1. C However 2. D helps 3. A solely 4. A. Lowering 5. C. reach 6. A. Depiction 7. D. due to 8. C. Immedia ...英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2018-12-31万题库版:2019考研《英语二》完形填空真题及答案解析
Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. ______(1), when done ...英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2018-12-312019年考研《英语一》完形填空答案(海天版)
英语完形 本站小编 免费考研网 2018-12-28