2020考研英语完形填空精讲精练 第9集(4)

本站小编 免费考研网/2019-07-09



Even better, Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problem before they became  9  to the eye.  10 , on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were  11  into a color-coded map showing  12  plants were running“fevers”.Farmers could then spot spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they  13  would.

The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers  14  the new technology and long-term backers were hard to  15 , .But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to  16  into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt about the technology works.“This technique can be  17  to 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,”says George Oerther of Texas A&M.Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks  18  infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But  19  Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to  20  10 years ago.

1. A. above

B. exclude

C. besides

D. unlike

2. A. taken

B. measured

C. evaluated

D. investigated

3. A. claiming

B. adopting

C. enhancing

D. adapting

4. A. put up with

B. came up to

C. came up with

D. stood up to

5. A. moderate

B. determine

C. overcome

D. reach

6. A. precisely

B. extraordinarily

C. exceedingly

D. extremely

7. A. more than

B. less than

C. rather than

D. other than

8. A. dominantly

B. deliberately

C. accidentally

D. invariably

9. A. seeming

B. clear

C. apparent

D. visible

10. A. Mounted

B. Rippled

C. Departed

D. Swept

11. A. transmitted

B. transferred

C. transformed

D. transported

12. A. how

B. where

C. what

D. when

13. A. otherwise

B. still

C. thus

D. therefore

14. A. persisted in

B. resisted

C. insisted on

D. assisted

15. A. offer

B. work

C. find

D. provide

16. A. get off

B. get out

C. getaway

D. get back

17. A. happened

B. oriented

C. accustomed

D. applied

18. A. remote

B. lonely

C. removed

D. desolate

19. A. even if

B. if only

C. only if

D. though

20. A. receive

B. obtain

C. accept

D. win

[文章大意]植物也会发烧,特别是当它们遭到病虫害侵袭的时候。10年前,物理学家佩利采用军用红外扫描技术为测量植物温度找到了一个快捷方式,从而可以确定哪些植物正受到病虫害的威胁。这样,农民针对病害定点喷洒农药可以节约大量的农药。然而佩利的公司仅仅营业了三年就关闭了。随着人们对农产品残留农药的再度关注,以及远红外扫描技术的改良,佩利希望重操旧业。农业专家一致认同该技术。


试题透析


1. D. unlike

此题属于语意理解题。根据下文,植物的温度在3000英尺外可以被测到,故这里是要指出与人类的区别,即不同于人类,故选项D. unlike正确。选项A. above意为“超过,在……之上”。如:He lifted his hands above his head. 选项B. exclude意为“排除;排斥”。如:Many of the youngsters feel excluded. 选项C. besides意为“除此之外”。

2. A. taken

此题属于固定搭配题。have one's temperature taken表示“量温度”。选项B. measured表示“测量”,但是和temperature不形成固定搭配。选项C. evaluated表示“评价,评估”;选项D. investigated表示“调查,研究”。

3. B. adopting

此题属于语意搭配题。adopt表示“采纳,采用;收养;接受”。如:adopt a method/suggestions。该处需要一个动词与宾语the infrared scanning technology搭配,并且该动词与其逻辑主语physicist Stephen Paley是主谓关系,故选项B. adopting正确。选项A表示“宣布;声称”;选项C表示“提高,增强”;选项D表示“使适应;改编”,常与介词to/for连用。如:adapt oneself to hot weather。

4. C. came up with

此题属于语意搭配题。come up with表示“想出(计划、答案、主意等)”。如:He couldn't come up with an answer when I asked him why he was late. 原句需要填入与宾语a quick way搭配的短语动词,故选项C. came up with正确。选项A. put up with表示“忍耐,忍受”;选项B. came up to表示“达到标准;等于”;选项D. stood up to表示“勇敢地抵抗”。

5. B. determine

此题属于语意理解题。此处是要表达提出了一种快速测得植物温度的方法来确定哪些植物在遭受侵害,选项B. determine表示“确定”,属于考查熟词僻义。选项A. moderate表示“缓解”;选项C. overcome表示“克服”;选项D. reach表示“到达”。

6. A. precisely

此题属于语意搭配题。precisely表示“准确地,精确地”。根据下文:target pesticide spraying______rain poison on a whole field可知,利用红外扫描技术是给“患病”庄稼定位,从而有利于定点喷洒农药,故选择选项A. precisely。选项B. extraordinary表示“格外地”;选项C. exceedingly表示“非常地;极度地”;选项D. extremely表示“极端地”。

7. C. rather than

此题属于语篇衔接题。rather than表示“而不是”。根据句意,其目的是为了让农民准确地定点喷洒农药,从而与在整块田上洒农药做对比,选择前者,放弃后者,故选项C. rather than正确。其他选项:A. more than和B. less than都指量的多少;D. other than相当于except, anything but,均与句意不符。

8. D. invariably

此题属于语意搭配题。invariably表示“不变地;一定地”。根据句意,如果整块田都洒上农药,那些没遭虫害的庄稼一定会受到影响,故选项D. invariably正确。选项A. dominantly表示“占优势地”;选项B. deliberately表示“故意地”;选项C. accidentally表示“偶然地”,均与句意不符。

9. D. visible

此题属于语意搭配题。visible表示“看得见的”。根据句意:红外扫描技术可以在人们用肉眼看到病虫害之前就测出哪些庄稼会有问题,故选项D. visible正确。选项A. seeming表示“表面上的”;选项B. clear表示“清楚的”;选项C. apparent表示“显然的”。

10. A. Mounted

此题属于词义辨析题。Mounted意为“安装,装入”。文中意思为,被安装在3000英尺高空中的飞机上,故选项A. Mounted正确。选项B. Rippled意为“起波纹”。如:The wind rippled the surface of the river. 选项C. Departed意为“出发;放弃”。如:I will depart tomorrow morning.选项D. Swept意为“打扫;席卷”。如:to sweep the rooms;又如:The news has swept the whole country.

11. C. transformed

此题属于语意搭配题。transform表示“改变,使变形”。根据句意,红外扫描仪记录下的数据被转换成色谱图,显示出哪里的庄稼在发烧,故选项C. transformed正确。选项A. transmitted表示“转播”;选项B. transferred表示“转移;调动;转让”;选项D. transported表示“运输”。

12. B. where

此题属于语法题。根据题意,色谱图可显示发烧的植物所在的位置,应填入表示地点的副词,故选项B. where正确。

13. A. otherwise

此题属于语篇衔接题。otherwise此处相当于differently/in the other way,表示“不同地;用别的方法”。如:I hate him and I won't pretend otherwise.根据原文,定点喷洒农药是采用其他方法所耗农药的50%~70%,所以选项A. otherwise正确。

14. B. resisted

此题属于语意搭配题。resist表示“抵抗,抵制”。如:resist disease。根据句意,农民们抵制这种新技术是佩利公司关门的原因,故选项B. resisted正确。选项A. persisted in表示“坚持”;选项C. insisted on表示“坚持;坚决要求”;选项D. assisted(sb. in doing/to do)表示“帮助,援助某人”。

15. C. find

此题属于语意搭配题。结合上下文,此处是进一步说明其公司关门的原因,即:长期的支持者难以找到,故选项C.(to)find正确。选项A. offer表示“提供;报价”。如:Offer people something better than what they have. 选项B. work表示“工作;运行”;选项D. provide表示“提供,供应”,均不符合题意。

16. D. get back

此题属于语意搭配题。根据上文,佩利的公司关门了,但是随着人们对农产品残留农药的再度关注及红外线扫描技术的改良,佩利自然想重操旧业,因此选项D. get back正确。选项A. get off表示“下车;出发”;选项B. get out表示“出去;秘密泄露”;选项C. get away表示“离开”。

17. D. applied

此题属于固定搭配题。选项D. applied形成固定搭配be applied to,表示“适用于”,为正确选项;选项A. happened不用于被动语态;选项B. oriented可以形成固定搭配be oriented to,表示“适应”;选项C. accustomed形成固定搭配be accustomed to,表示“习惯于”。

18. A. remote

此题属于语意搭配题。remote表示“遥远的,远距的”。根据文章内容,前面谈到红外线扫描技术是在3000英尺的高空进行的,因此距离较远,故选项A. remote正确。选项B. lonely表示“(人)寂寞的;(地方)偏僻的”;选项C. removed表示“远离的,分离的”,应与介词from连用;选项D. desolate表示“无人烟的,荒凉的”。

19. C. only if

此题属于语篇衔接题。根据文章内容,佩利想重操旧业,红外扫描技术也得到了专家的认同,但佩利还须取得别人经济上的资助才能实现他的想法,此处表示条件,故选项C. only if符合题意。选项A. even if表示“即使”,引导让步状语从句;选项B. if only引导省略主句的条件句,表示期望、愿望,意为“要是……多好”。如:If only he were with us!(要是他和我们在一起该多好呀!)选项D. though表示“尽管”,表示让步关系。

20. B. obtain

此题属于词义辨析题。原句意为:佩利还得能找到10年前未能找到的资金赞助者。obtain意为“获得”,符合句子的意思,故选项B正确。选项A. receive表示“收到;接待”;选项C. accept表示“接受,认同”;选项D. win表示“赢得,获胜”,都不符合题意。

译文

即使是植物也会发烧,特别是当它们正在遭受病虫害的时候。但是与人类不同的是,植物的温度可以从3000英尺高的垂直高度直接测得。十年前,物理学家斯蒂芬·佩利采用为军事和其他人造卫星研发的红外线扫描技术,提出了一种快速测得植物温度的方法来确定哪些植物在遭受侵害。他的目的是让农民精确地喷洒农药,而不是在整片田地上大量喷洒农药,因为那些没有遭受害虫危害的庄稼一定会受到影响。

更好的是,佩利的远程扫描服务公司可以在肉眼观察到之前探测到庄稼作物的问题。红外线扫描器安装在飞机上,在夜间从3000英尺的高空检测作物散发出来的热度。数据被转换成色谱图以显示哪里的作物在“发烧”,然后农民可以定点喷洒,这比他们用其他方法要节省50%~70%的农药。

坏消息是佩利的公司仅仅营业了三年,在1984年就关门了,因为农民抵制这项新技术并且很难找到一个长期的支持者。然而,随着人们对农产品残留农药的再度关注,以及红外扫描技术的精进,佩利希望能再次运营。农业专家对此技术的有效性十分肯定。“这项技术可以在美国75%的农田上使用。”得克萨斯农工部的乔治·奥瑟说。刚从农业局退休不久的雷·杰克逊认为远距离红外作物扫描将会在十年后得到采用,但是佩里得能找到10年前未能找到的资金赞助者。





Cloze 9


High school students who, after graduation, would like to continue their education are frequently faced with many problems in financing college training. 1  education is not so wide-spread at the college level  2  at the elementary and  3  school levels. There is usually a charge for  4 .In addition, for most students, going to college  5  living away from home, an expensive matter.

What, then, can be done by a student who finds that he must help to  6  himself if he is to  7  his education beyond high school?There are several  8 .Scholarships are sometimes available. These are usually  9  partly on the basis of high grades. 10  the day-to-day work in high school maybe very important for determining one's  11  of help from this source. Another  12  of help is the college loan fund, which is  13  for the purpose of  14  loans to worthy students. A third plan is that of  15  one's way through school. Work may  16  holding a part-time job outside the college. Sometimes it means  17  professors in laboratory work, library work, or office  18 .Sometimes it means performing some  19  which the student body requires, such as helping in the preparation and serving of meals, working in college stores, and  20 .

1. A. Free

B. Private

C. Public

D. Compulsory

2. A. than

B. as

C. that

D. to

3. A. orphanage

B. primary

C. secondary

D. nursery

4. A. money

B. tuition

C. expense

D. accommodation

5. A. means

B. implies

C. lends

D. suggests

6. A. support

B. provide

C. earn

D. finance

7. A. expand

B. finish

C. extend

D. stop

8. A. questions

B. problems

C. possibilities

D. issues

9. A. got

B. forced

C. given

D. retained

10. A. Because

B. Though

C. However

D. Therefore

11. A. choices

B. tendencies

C. results

D. chances

12. A. respect

B. source

C. direction

D. aspect

13. A. established

B. generated

C. fabricated

D. integrated

14. A. funding

B. providing

C. supporting

D. borrowing

15. A. working

B. wandering

C. finding

D. walking

16. A. cooperate

B. associate

C. satisfy

D. involve

17. A. dealing

B. coping

C. assisting

D. handling

18. A. routine

B. ritual

C. practice

D. custom

19. A. jobs

B. work

C. services

D. profession

20. A. others

B. so

C. like this

D. the like

[文章大意]许多高中毕业后要继续深造的学生往往会面临大学费用的问题,因为免费的大学教育不像中小学那样普及。而且对大多数学生来说,上大学就意味着离家生活,这当然也需要钱。文章提出了几种可行的解决方法:申请奖学金,申请助学贷款或勤工俭学。


试题透析


1. A. Free

此题属于语意搭配题。根据文章首句内容problems in financing college training和本句中的not so wide-spread(并不普及)可推断正确答案是选项A. Free“免费的”。选项B. Private“私立的”,选项C. Public“公立的”和选项D. Compulsory“义务的”都与经济问题无关。

2. B. as

此题属于语法题。not so...as...是同级比较的否定式。其余选项都不符合此处的语法要求。

3. C. secondary

此题属于语意搭配题。上文的college level和elementary(初等的)提示此处的正确答案是选项B. secondary“中等的”。选项A. orphanage“孤儿院”和选项D. nursery“托儿所”语意上与文章不符。选项B. primary“初等的”等同于上文的elementary。

4. B. tuition

此题属于语意搭配题。结合上文的意思可知大学教育往往要收学费(tuition)。选项A. money意为“钱”;选项C. expense一般指个人的花销;选项D. accommodation意为“住宿”。

5. A. means

此题属于语意搭配题。选项A. means意为“打算……”。如:I didn't mean to hurt you.也可意为“意味着”,后面跟名词、动名词或从句。如:The red light means“stop”. 选项B. implies意为“暗示;(必须)包括”。如:Rights imply duties.(享受)权利必然意味着履行义务。上大学往往要离开家生活,如果选用选项B的话语气太强,故选项A更恰当。选项C. lends意为“借”;选项D. suggests意为“建议;暗示”,这两个选项都不符合题意。

6. D. finance

此题属于词意搭配题。选项D. finance表示“资助;筹措资金”。如:The fund has been used largely to finance the construction of federal prisons. 整篇文章谈论的是大学生如何筹措资金来上学的问题,因此选项D. finance为正确答案。选项A. support表示“支持;供养”,虽然在语法上正确,但在表达“资助自己上学”时弱于finance,用在此处不贴合文意。选项B. provide表示“提供”,选项C. earn表示“赚得”,均不符合题意。

7. C. extend

此题属于语意搭配题。选项C. extend意为“延伸,扩展;扩充”,含“向前推进”之意。如:The road extends to the forest. 又如:My duties at the school extend beyond just teaching. 下文中的beyond high school说明学习没有停止(即选项D. stop)或结束(即选项B. finish),而是继续向前发展,故C符合文意。选项A. expand意为“(向各个方向)伸展,扩大”。如:A ballon expands as it is filled with air. 又如:His company expanded into a big one.

8. C. possibilities

此题属于语意搭配题。上文提出问题,接下来就是解决问题的办法,这里指出有几个可能的解决办法,因此选项C. possibilities“可能的事,可能的办法”是正确答案。选项A. questions,选项B. problems和选项D. issues都是“问题”的意思。

9. C. given

此题属于语意搭配题。These指代上文的scholarships(奖学金),按照思维逻辑此处应是“颁发”。若用选项A. got,则与后面的on the basis of high grades不符合。故选C. given。选项B. forced意为“强迫”。选项D. retained意为“保存,保持”。如:They retain old customs.

10. D. Therefore

此题属于语篇连接题。奖学金通常以高中成绩为基础,本句讲高中的表现尤为重要,与上句应该是因果关系,是上一句的结果,故选D. Therefore。选项A. Because后面跟的是原因;选项B. Though引导让步状语从句;选项C. However表转折时,其后一般要加逗号,而且语意不符。

11. D. chances

此题属于语意搭配题。高中成绩可决定学生能否获得奖学金,选项D. chances意为“可能性;机会”,即possibilities是正确答案,chance可作可数或不可数名词。如:Does she have any chance of winning?选项A. choices“选择”,选项B. tendencies“倾向”和选项C. results“结果”均不合文意。

12. B. source

此题属于语意搭配题。选项B. source意为“来源”。如:the source of information。上句中讲的奖学金是一种经济来源,本句讲的是另一种来源———助学贷款。上句中已出现提示词source,故选B。选项A. respect作名词时意为“尊敬,珍视;方面”。如:We have been told to showrespectforourelders.又如:Ican'tagreewithyouropinioninthisrespect.选项D.aspect也可表示“方面”。如:You've only talked about one aspect of the problem. 选项C. direction意为“方向;指令”。如:a sense of direction;又如:to follow the directions for the use of the medicine。

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